227 Наше писмо уреднику анализира сазнања о интензитету и учесталости паралелног појављивања вазомоторних, соматских и психолошких симптома у климактеријуму, менопаузи и понеких у постменопаузи. Написан је да подстакне стручну и научну јавност да критички анализира питања и да предложи одређени правац деловања унутар могућности репродуктивне ендокринологије, менталног здравља и методологија расположивих за примену опција лечења. Писмо уреднику такође пружа најновију перспективу сазнања која служи сврси и покреће контроверзну тему у нади да ће се боље разумети концепт (симптома и третмана).

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Deep Operator Network (DeepONet), a recently introduced deep learning operator network, approximates linear and nonlinear solution operators by taking parametric functions (infinite-dimensional objects) as inputs and mapping them to solution functions in contrast to classical neural networks (NNs) that need re-training for every new set of parametric inputs. In this work, we have extended the classical formulation of DeepONets by introducing recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in its branch in so-called sequential DeepONets (S-DeepONets) thus allowing accurate solution predictions in the entire domain for parametric and time-dependent loading histories. We have demonstrated this novel formulation’s generality and exceptional accuracy with thermal and mechanical random loading histories applied to highly nonlinear thermal solidification and plastic deformation use cases. We show that once S-DeepONet is properly trained, it can accurately predict the final solutions in the entire domain and is several orders of magnitude more computationally efficient than the finite element method for arbitrary loading histories without additional training.

Background: The Organized health care during Ottoman Empire was poor, and the population of Bosnia looked to the clergy of all denominations, among which the Franciscans play a significant role, for a cure for their ailments, both mental and physical. The Franciscan motto of living, not only for yourself but also for others was, also, reflected in the Bosnian Franciscans’ provision of medical services to people. Objective: The aim of this article was to show, based on the available literature, the development of medicine and pharmacy in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the medieval period until the Second World War with description methods of treatment, medicinal forms and preparations that were used in the mentioned period. Methods: The subject of this study was the development of medicine and pharmacy in the areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina from the 14th century until the Second World War. In order to achieve the set goals, a) Retreival of professional and scientific literature and b) Search of scientific databases and web pages on the Internet that offer adequate and relevant data and historical facts related to the subject of studies were carried out. Most of the facts are covered in previously published articles by the author and deposited in the PubMed and PubMed Central databases, as well as in books and monographs by the author of this text. Results and Discussion: In the Middle Ages, folk medicine was present, in which herbalists looked for medicines in certain plant and animal species. In the 13th century, Bosnia was settled by the Franciscans, who permanently marked the development of medicine and pharmacy. They are educated at prestigious universities abroad, from where they bring their knowledge, skills and recipes and write them in books, which are called ljekaruse (medicine books). Every historical period brought some changes for medicine and pharmacy, so the Ottoman Empire brought customs of frequent cleaning, public fountains and hammams were built. During the reign of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, the first hospitals and pharmacies were established, and laws on pharmacy activity were introduced. Written documents on the history of the medicine and pharmacy development in Bosnia and Herzegovina are mostly found in the libraries of monasteries, and a significant number of them are also in the libraries of madrasas, and the National and University Librarie in Sarajevo and the former Institute of Hygiene in Sarajevo. Conclusion: In connection with the medical and pharmacy practice of the Bosnian Franciscans, the question of the various medical records that they created, which helped them in their health efforts, stands out. First of all, we are talking about numerous medicinal books, so called ”ljekaruse”. On the soil of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there were many such “ljekarusa” who mostly grew up at the sources of national experience. In those books, the recipes are mostly based on the use of medicinal herbs. Historians of medicine believe that these medicinal books represent the cultural and historical significance of our regions

Background: The development of medicine and pharmacy in the Bosnia and Herzegovina was marked by different historical periods–first they were settled by the Illyrians and Delmatians, and after them came the Romans, the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. Objective: The aims of this article are to show, based on the available literature: a) The development of medicine and pharmacy in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the medieval period until the Second World War; b) The most significant historical events that marked the development of medicine and pharmacy in the areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina; c) Methods of treatment, medicinal forms and preparations that were used in the mentioned period. Methods: The subject of this study was the development of medicine and pharmacy in the areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina from the 14th century until the Second World War. In order to achieve the set goals, a) Retreival of professional and scientific literature and b) Search of scientific databases and web pages on the Internet that offer adequate and relevant data and historical facts related to the subject of studies were carried out. Most of the facts are covered in previously published articles by the author and deposited in the PubMed and PubMed Central databases, as well as in books and monographs by the author of this text. Results and Discussion: In the Middle Ages, folk medicine was present, in which herbalists looked for medicines in certain plant and animal species. In the 13th century, Bosnia was settled by the Franciscans, who permanently marked the development of medicine and pharmacy. They are educated at prestigious universities abroad, from where they bring their knowledge, skills and recipes and write them in books, which are called ljekaruse (medicine books). Every historical period brought some changes for medicine and pharmacy, so the Ottoman Empire brought customs of frequent cleaning, public fountains and hammams were built. During the reign of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, the first hospitals and pharmacies were established, and laws on pharmacy activity were introduced. Written documents on the history of the medicine and pharmacy development in Bosnia and Herzegovina are mostly found in the libraries of monasteries, and a significant number of them are also in the libraries of madrasas, and the National and University Librarie in Sarajevo and the library of former Institute of Hygiene in Sarajevo. Conclusion: In connection with the medical and pharmacy practice of the Bosnian Franciscans, the question of the various medical records that they created, which helped them in their health efforts, stands out. First of all, we are talking about numerous medicinal books, so called ”ljekaruse”. On the soil of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there were many such “ljekarusa” who mostly grew up at the sources of national experience. In those books, the recipes are mostly based on the use of medicinal herbs. Historians of medicine believe that these medicinal books represent the cultural and historical significance of our regions.

Background: Pulmonary Embolism (PE) represents a life-threatening medical emergency that, given the serious complications, requires urgent application of anticoagulant therapy. In addition to other factors that are taken into account when choosing a therapy for treatment of PE, the anatomical distribution of thrombi is also considered–whether it is a central, lobar, segmental or subsegmental PE. D-dimer is an intermediate product of degradation of fibrin molecules and its values in the plasma are increased in the case of PE, but also in other diseases. Objective: To determine whether there is a difference in D-dimer values in subjects with different anatomical distribution of PE. Methods: The study included 100 subjects with diagnosed PE by using MSCT and/or V/P SPECT and with measured values of D-dimer. Results: Out of 100 subjects, PE was not diagnosed in 37 subjects, while 63 subjects PE was diagnosed. All subjects with diagnosed PE were divided into 3 groups regarding the anatomical localization of thrombus: lobar, segmental or subsegmental. Average D-dimer values were calculated for all 3 groups. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in D-dimer values between subjects with different anatomical distribution of PE. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in D-dimer values between subjects with different anatomical distribution od PE–lobar, segmental and subsegmental PE.

Background: Lyme disease (Lyme disease-LD) is a disease of humans and animals that is transmitted by hematophagous insects, especially ticks. The causative agent is the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, a bacterium with a complex structure and a slow biorhythm, which has the ability to coat the host's organism with mucus - create a biofilm - or turn into a cyst, and the host does not recognize it and does not create antibodies. This is the reason why, in 10-60% of cases, Borrelia tests are negative, even though it is present. The diagnosis of LD is made clinically, and it is confirmed serologically and microbiologically by isolation and/or detection of the causative agent by the PCR method from tissue samples and body fluids. Lyme disease stage II and III is called „the great imitator“ because its symptoms resemble those of other diseases, so diagnostic errors are often made. Objective: In this article we presented a case of stubborn urticaria in a 28-year-old saleswoman. Case presentation: Mother of two children, who was ruled out by clinical examination for autoimmune diseases and allergies to available allergens. We subsequently confirmed the diagnosis of chronic borreliosis, caused by five types of borrelia, serologically, after advanced intermittent antibiotic therapy, and after acquired food intolerance was discovered. In the available literature, we did not find information that chronic generalized urticaria was caused by Borrelia in combination with food intolerance. Conclusion: The presented case of a patient with chronic urticaria indicates that similar cases with urticaria, as well as all skin changes with intermittent walking symptomatology, should: Undergo clinical treatment, rule out immunological diseases and drug allergies, then test for Borrelia (ELISA+ immunoblot with Borrelia protein sequences!). Take into account the duration of the disease, the possibility of the disappearance of antibodies created in early childhood or a false-negative finding of antibodies, and in case of a negative finding, do not give up ex-yuvantibus therapy.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that COVID-19 may result in cardiac issues in certain individuals, such as myocarditis, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Ongoing research on echocardiographic manifestations is still limited. Objective: To investigate the incidence and patterns of left and right ventricular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study retrospectively observed COVID-19 patients admitted to the Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo during the third wave, with a particular focus on cardiac evaluations. Results. Our patients, predominantely male 155 (72.4%), with a mean age of 66.2±11.4, having hypertension 86 (40.1%), diabetes mellitus 61 (28.5%), hyperlipidemia 144 (67.3%), were active smokers 87 (40.6%), had family history of cardiovascular diseases 123 (57.5%) and were COVID-19 positive 95 (44.4%), presented because of chest pain 78 (36.4%), dyspnea 103 (48.1%), palpitations 67 (31.3%), fatigue 106 (49.5%) and peripheral oedema 30 (14.0%). COVID-19 patients reported much higher symptoms of dyspnea (65 (68.4%) vs 38 (31.9%)) and fatigue (73 (76.8%) vs 33 (27.7%)) than COVID-19 negative patients. On the initial laboratory report, COVID-19 patients had a significantly (p<0.05) higher mean score of C-reactive protein (24.0±4.8 vs. 6.0±2.1), D-dimer (1.6±2.5 vs 0.8±0.6), ALT (94.8±17.2 vs 36.5±19.9) and creatinine (128.0±80.8 vs. 93.4±40.1) when compared to COVID-19 negative patients. COVID-19 patients had enlarged left atrium diametes (31.6±5.6 vs 27.5±5.3), enlarged left ventricular diameter both in systole (27.9±18.1 vs 23.3±16.3) and diastole (39.3±24.1 vs 34.9±22.7), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (53.5±9.2 vs 59.8±4.3) and elevated right ventricular systolic pressure (37.0±16.4 vs 35.1±8.6). Conclusion. COVID-19 patients had enlarged left atrium, enlarged systolic and diastolic left ventricular diameter, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated right ventricular systolic pressure.