Birdsfoot trefoil is a perennial legume for the production of high-quality forage. Improving the production and quality of forage is one of the strategic objectives of breeding programs. The genotypes for this trial were selected from promising offspring collected from local populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A trial with eight genotypes (7 promising lines and 1 variety) was designed in a randomized block system with four replicates. In the first growth, 11 components of yield and quality of biomass were analyzed, and in the second growth, four additional parameters for seed production. In the first growth, highly significant correlations were found between plant height and the proportion of leaves (0.85**) and the yield of green matter and dry matter (0.81**), while a high negative correlation was found between the nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and the crude protein content (-0.79**). In the regrowth, statistically highly significant (p<0.01) positive correlations were found between the content of NFE and ash (0.77**). Statistically significant (p<0.05) positive relationships were found between green matter yield and dry matter yield (0.81**), green matter yield and stem diameter (0.79*), seed yield and number of pods (0.83*), and cellulose content and plant height (0.73*). The identification of positive correlations for certain productive and nutritional traits will be used in breeding programs for the creation of new varieties with improved forage quality.

In post-conflict societies internal demarcation is based on tradition, religion, and heterosexual family values and within this frame sexual citizenship is considered ?as ideology? and as a threat to society imposed from outside. At the same time the influence and importance of international norms and changes in the standard of international politics and the emerging culture of human rights cause conflict between inside and outside, national sovereignty and universal human rights. This conflict is not specific only to stabilocracy and hybrid systems, but the omnipresent illogicality of a closed system of citizen-ship. Following the Butler?s observation that ?conjuncture of street and media constitutes a very contemporary version of the public sphere? (2011: 9), media textual and visual reports about Pride Parade in Belgrade and Sarajevo were analysed. In the analysis focus is on the borders of citizenship within the patriarchal matrix of nation-state confronted with the present bodies on the streets. The analysed textual and visual media reports confirm a hierarchisation of urban public space formed by national history and its material structures.

The speed of growth, as well as the height of plants on sown lawns, are important from the point of view of the possibility of obtaining a larger number of swaths if the growth is faster, and obtaining a higher yield, if the plants are of a higher age, at the same crop density. Sown lawns, usually called grass-leguminous mixtures in practice, comprise different types of grasses and legumes. Depending on the variety, growing conditions, vegetation cycle and the like, in principle, the plants of the first vegetation cycle (first cutting) reach the highest height. Considering the mentioned facts, the proposed research aimed to analyse the influence of the vegetation cycle and the mixture on the height of grasses and legume plants in the plant community under different defoliation regimes. The three-year research results showed that the height of the plants at mowing depended on the species (mixture), year (age of plants and weather conditions) and vegetation cycle. In general, the plants of all species are the lowest in the year of sowing. In the second and third years, the plants of the first cut are the tallest, with almost all mowing regimes. However, the tallest plants in the first swath are in the flowering phase of the plants, where among the tested species, the tallest plants are orchard grass in all mixtures (average 91.99 cm), followed by Italian ryegrass (average 82.77 cm). The lowest plants are bird's foot trefoil (average 48.97 cm).

: Within this research, the focus was on analyzing the effectiveness of Computer Vision (CV) in detecting vehicles and pedestrians in traffic. The YOLOv5 model was utilized for object detection, along with publicly available, unmodified libraries like OpenCV and TensorFlow. The approach involved a careful selection of three different traffic scenarios: a rainy day, daytime, and night-time, with the intention of creating realistic conditions for testing the performance of vehicle and pedestrian detection systems. An algorithm for detecting pedestrians and vehicles was implemented, contributing further to road safety. Through experiments, exploration was conducted into how various factors, such as weather conditions and lighting, influence the accuracy of the system. Following a meticulous analysis of the results, situations in which the system exhibits high detection accuracy, as well as those that pose a challenge to the system were identified, in order to provide a profound understanding of different aspects of pedestrian tracking and vehicle detection. Through the application of image analysis techniques, the focus was on identification of key features of pedestrian crossings, contributing to the recognition of potentially dangerous situations. The objective was to draw accurate conclusions regarding the system's performance under actual traffic conditions, thus enhancing the overall comprehension of how these technologies effectively contribute to improving road safety.

Background: The Lung adenocarcinoma, a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, exhibits diverse histopathological patterns, impacting prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Objective: This study explores the correlation between smoking habits and the prevalence of different histopathological subtypes in invasive lung adenocarcinoma (IAC). Methods: A single-center, cross-sectional study included 140 patients with surgically treated, histopathological verified lung adenocarcinoma. The patients were classified based on the World Health Organization’s (WHO) histopathological patterns, and smoking status data were collected from medical records. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: The predominant histopathological subtypes were acinar (47.9%) and solid (30.7%) IAC. Smokers constituted 84.3% of the patients, with a majority (61.7%) consuming more than 20 cigarettes per day. A weak, statistically significant correlation was found between histopathological patterns and smoking habits among smokers (rho=0.054; p=0.04). Acinar IAC was more common in those consuming up to 20 cigarettes daily, while the solid pattern predominated in those smoking more than 20 cigarettes (rho=0.189; p=0.04). No significant correlation was observed with the duration of smoking history. Conclusion: The study reveals a predictive relationship between smoking habits, including the number of cigarettes consumed, and the histopathological pattern of IAC in resected specimens. Acinar and solid subtypes were more prevalent, with distinct associations to smoking behaviors. Understanding these relationships can contribute to personalized treatment approaches and further research on lung adenocarcinoma.

In this paper, we analyze the role and activities of the Supreme Defense Council (SDC) of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) according to the Constitution of FRY from 1992. The decision to establish the FRY, encompassing Serbia and Montenegro, as well as the provinces of Kosovo and Vojvodina, represented a continuation of the political and territorial restructuring of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRJ), as well as a basis for further military and political actions aimed at realizing expansionist project. Through the establishment of the SDC and its role in managing the military, especially during the period of aggression, it is evident how political decisions directly influenced military operations, as well as the international position and sanctions that followed in response to the aggressive policy of the FRY. SDC sessions were important for making decisions on military issues, including the appointment, promotion, and dismissal of officers, as well as decisions on military activities. Analysis of SDC session transcripts reveals details about FRY's military involvement in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the formation of the so-called Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). SDC members, the President of FRY, and the Presidents of Serbia and Montenegro, along with other attendees including the Minister of Defense and the Chief of the General Staff of the Yugoslav Army (VJ), actively participated in military matters and decision-making. This paper also explores the role of FRY in the wars in the former Yugoslavia during the early 1990s, with a particular focus on its relationship with the self-proclaimed Republika Srpska (RS) and participation in the aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Through the lens of logistical, military, and comprehensive support provided by FRY, including attempts to conceal the involvement of military personnel through the 30th Personnel Center, we shed light on its direct involvement in military operations that had a decisive impact on the course of the war. Despite efforts to conceal the role of FRY and its structures in the aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, documents and SDC transcripts reveal enough evidence confirming FRY's crucial role in the preparation, support, and execution of aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina through RS. The SDC organized and supported activities aimed at supporting the VRS and other military formations, often with a conspiratorial approach. Discussions at SDC sessions covered funding for the VRS, logistics, organization of soldier training, and defense strategy. Military operations, as well as political and military relations within Bosnia and Herzegovina, were particularly analyzed. „Controversial topics“ such as arming the population in Serbia and crimes committed against Bosniaks in Sandžak and Bosnia and Herzegovina were also discussed at the sessions. Relations with the political leaderships of RS and the Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK), as well as reactions to losses and defeats, were also important topics at SDC sessions. The sessions also included analysis of political and military events and presentations of the views of FRY President Slobodan Milošević on peace negotiations, military operations, and territorial goals achieved. SDC transcripts provide insight into Slobodan Milošević's acknowledgment of the involvement of the State Security Service (SDB) in the formation, arming, and support of „paramilitary units“ sent to Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition to the direct involvement of VJ in the aggression, plans for joint military operations were extensively documented, aiming to create a „united state of the Serbian people“. Key figures, such as Ratko Mladić, who were in VRS, remained members of VJ even after the aggression. The SDC continued to exist until 2001 but lost its significance compared to the period from its establishment to the end of 1995.

The optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is a primary test and measurement instrument for detecting, localizing, and qualifying various fiber optic link events induced by breaks, splices, and connectors. However, in spite of a number of innovative enhancements of the OTDR capabilities proposed throughout decades of its use in the communications test application area, few reports can be found about extending the OTDR capabilities beyond detecting and qualifying refractive and reflective events of the fiber under test, to also include prediction of performance and impairments specifically related to the coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) symbol transmission over fiber link. As large enough OTDR dynamic range (DR) provides alike optical signal-to-noise-ratio (OSNR) even at the far end of the fiber, then the dominantly reflective OTDR trace pattern can be considered as the two-way power-delay profile (PDP) of the fiber. Furthermore, in this work, we also justifiably assume that the cyclic prefix (CP) is applied to guard the OFDM symbol against inter-symbol interference, as well as that the (formerly eventually large) peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is significantly reduced, e.g., by simple peak clipping at the transmitter. This finally retains the OFDM carrier frequency offset (CFO) as the major OFDM-inherent signal impairment to dominantly determine the bit error rate (BER) floor in this case. Accordingly, in our model, we abstracted the CFO by the additional delays added to the original OTDR trace pulses, which would produce an equal BER increase as the CFO does with the original trace. Inversely, this enables indirect estimation of CFO by simple BER testing, rather than by using dedicated and complex test instrumentation such as vector signal analyzer (VSA), not always at hand in field conditions.

The increased need for smart management of agricultural resources resulted in the preparation and implementation of H2020 project SMARTWATER. This publication aims to present the main outcomes of SMARTWATER in three years of implementation (2021-2023), to encourage relevant target groups to participate in the action in 2024 and to promote smart management of agricultural resources. During project implementation different results were obtained. SMARTWATER team will continue with different twinning activities in 2024 aiming to promote smart agriculture practices, increase the competencies of scientists and young researchers and disseminate the project outcomes.

Large language models (LLMs) have demon-001 strated powerful capabilities in natural lan-002 guage processing, yet their vast number of pa-003 rameters poses challenges for deployment and 004 inference efficiency. Structured model pruning 005 emerges as a viable approach to reduce model 006 size and accelerate inference, without requir-007 ing specialized operators and libraries for de-008 ployment. However, structured pruning often 009 severely weakens the model’s capability. De-010 spite repetitive fine-tuning can restore the capa-011 bility to a certain extent, it impairs LLMs’ util-012 ity as versatile problem solvers. To address this 013 issue, we propose a novel structured pruning 014 algorithm tailored for LLMs. It derives the im-015 portance of different components, namely rows 016 and columns in parameter matrices, based on in-017 termediate data dependencies. Then it removes 018 coupled components across different layers si-019 multaneously and preserves dependency rela-020 tionships within remaining parameters, avoid-021 ing significant performance degradation. The 022 pruned model requires only few epochs of fine-023 tuning to restore its performance, ensuring the 024 model’s ability to generalize. Empirical eval-025 uations on LLaMA, Vicuna, and ChatGLM3 026 demonstrate our algorithm’s efficacy, yielding 027 20% parameter reduction while retaining at 028 least 94.4% of original performance metrics. 029

: Integrating inverter-based resources into power systems increases their complexity, and makes their operation more challenging. The conventional approach for simulating power systems neglects transients of the power grid, using steady-state phasors and considering only fundamental frequency values. However, to accurately predict the dynamic behavior of systems with high shares of inverter based resources, electromagnetic transient simulations (EMTSs) are necessary. The primary limitation of classical time-domain EMTSs is their frequent time-consuming nature, making them impractical for larger systems. In this work, we explore the use of dynamic phasors (DPs) as a technique to accelerate EMTSs. For this purpose, we first adapt the power grid and inverter model to DP simulation. Subsequently, we assess the effectiveness of this approach through three numerical examples, demonstrating a reduction in the simulation times by a factor of 4 to 40.