Maize is the most widely cultivated crop on arable land in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Yields are quite inconsistent due to several factors, with one of the most significant being the lack of moisture during the growing season, particularly during the pollination period. Irrigation is a measure taken to mitigate the harmful effects of drought. A maize field trial was conducted over two growing seasons (2022/2023) with three replications. The local hybrid BL-43 was sown in three irrigation treatments and two fertilization variants. During the season, morphometric parameters of maize plants were measured. Statistically highly significant differences were observed between yields and yield components. The greatest differences were found in plant height among the irrigation treatments, as well as between the two years of study. Maize yield showed high variability under the influence of the applied treatments. The highest yield (11,031 kg ha-¹) was achieved with the 100% irrigation treatment combined with a higher rate of mineral fertilizer. Irrigation treatment had a much greater effect on yield components and total maize yield than fertilization. Applying irrigation at 50% and 100% of the required norm increased the values of yield components and overall maize yield in 2023 by about 27%. In the drought year (2022), the increase was 27% with 50% irrigation and 37% with 100% irrigation. In the dry year of 2022, when total precipitation was 35% lower compared to the multi-year average, irrigation had a stronger effect on maize yield components. Besides the irrigation, further research should consider the improvement of soil organic matter content and soil health as tools for improved drought resistance.

In the hilly and mountainous area of Republic of Srpska natural grasslands (meadows and pastures) represent significant resource for grazing and production of bulky livestock food. However, in addition to the big importance and available areas, the production of bulky fodder on natural grasslands are relatively low. Limiting production factors of feed in mountainous areas are the quality of the soil and the climatic conditions. Low yields of hay of natural grassland can be improved by application mineral fertilizers. In addition to the application of mineral fertilizers, which should be one from implementation of basic agrotechnical measures more profitable plant-based, ultimately and animal production it is necessary to apply appropriate quantities of fertilizers at the most suitable time of growing season herbal type. The goal of this research was to determine the influence of different amounts of nitrogen on productivity of natural grassland type Agrostietum vulgaris on low available phosphorus and potassium soil. This study was carried out in two seasons (2018 and 2019). The application of nitrogen had a positive impact on grassland productivity. The highest average green forage yield of 13.15 t ha-1 and hay yield of 3.48 t ha-1 was achieved with the application of 94.5 kg ha-1 of nitrogen, and the lowest was achieved in control without fertilization. The average increase in hay yield in the first year was 37.6% and in the second year it was 5.6% higher than in the first year. The application of mineral fertilizers on natural grasslands on low phosphorus and potassium soil is of crucial importance for obtaining higher yields of green forage and hay.

Red clover is an important perennial fodder plant for the production of quality fodder. Since it can be successfully produced even on soils of poorer quality, it is increasingly present in the sowing structure, primarily in hilly and mountainous areas. Trials were carried out on eight genotypes of red clover over several years. There were no significant differences between the average values of stem thickness and plant height of the two first cuttings from the two experimental years. The first cutting of the second year had the highest height (80.0 cm). Genotype 1 had the highest average height (78.0 cm) and leaflet length (45.52 mm). Genotype 6 had the lowest average plant height (74.0 cm), number of stems (7.15), stem thickness (3.31 mm) and leaflet length (36.68 mm). Genotypes 6 and 8 had the widest leaflet in the first cut of the second year of testing (28.94 and 28.93 mm). Aside from plant height, no significant differences were found between the genotypes. Nevertheless, all other examined variables showed statistically significant differences across clover cuttings and genotypes. The average values of the number of stems per plant, the length and width of leaflet in the first clover cut of the first year, and second clover cut of the second year were not statistically significantly different. Red clover is most productive in the first cutting of the second year of life, as confirmed by these investigations, which yielded the greatest values for the majority of the investigated features.

Red clover is an important forage plant species for the production of fodder, primarily in mountain areas and soils of poorer quality. Low pH reaction of the soil and poor supply of phosphorus are limiting factors for the cultivation of most plant species on soils with such chemical characteristics. The aim of these investigations was to determine the productivity and variation in the height of the plant, the yield of green mass and the yield of hay of red clover grown on acidic soil, in order to find out which varieties give the highest yields of green mass and hay, and for the purpose of their greater use in production. The research was carried out by analyzing five varieties of red clover in two cuts in each of the two years in the BDS area of the city of Banja Luka. A large part of the soil of Republic of Srpska has an acidic reaction and also mostly has a low level of phosphorus. The selection of the best varieties of red clover for production on such soils will enable obtaining satisfactory forage yields. For the examined parameters, statistically significant differences were obtained between swaths and varieties. The highest average values of plant height, yield of green mass and hay were obtained in the first cutting of the second year. The lowest average yields were achieved by the variety Viola. The highest average height was of the variety Una, the highest yield of green mass was of the variety K-39, and the hay of variety Kolubara. Based on the obtained results, varieties K-39, Kolubara and Una can be recommended for growing on acidic soil.

Winter wheat is the most important winter crop in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as in the region. The yield of winter wheat varies depending on the variety and agroecological growing conditions. For sowing wheat, the sowing rate is 250-300 kg ha-1. About 50,000 ha are sown annually in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which requires about 15,000 tons of seeds. From this quantity, about 10% of needs are met from own production, and the rest of the seeds are imported. This paper analyzes the production of seed wheat at one of the largest domestic producers of wheat seeds. The paper presents data on seed production in two years, at three locations with four genotypes. The obtained results show that superior yields can be achieved using appropriate agricultural techniques and an assortment with good genetic predispositions. Due to the specificity of climatic and edaphic factors, good results are also achieved when growing specific genotypes with increased protein and gluten content. Statistically highly significant (p˂0.01) positive correlations were found between protein content and gluten content (0.98**). Highly significant correlations were found between hectolith mass and protein content (0.60**) and gluten (0.56**). The goal of the work is to increase the domestic production of seed wheat, as well as to carry out rezoning of the sowing of the appropriate assortment based on the analysis.

Birdsfoot trefoil is a perennial legume for the production of high-quality forage. Improving the production and quality of forage is one of the strategic objectives of breeding programs. The genotypes for this trial were selected from promising offspring collected from local populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A trial with eight genotypes (7 promising lines and 1 variety) was designed in a randomized block system with four replicates. In the first growth, 11 components of yield and quality of biomass were analyzed, and in the second growth, four additional parameters for seed production. In the first growth, highly significant correlations were found between plant height and the proportion of leaves (0.85**) and the yield of green matter and dry matter (0.81**), while a high negative correlation was found between the nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and the crude protein content (-0.79**). In the regrowth, statistically highly significant (p<0.01) positive correlations were found between the content of NFE and ash (0.77**). Statistically significant (p<0.05) positive relationships were found between green matter yield and dry matter yield (0.81**), green matter yield and stem diameter (0.79*), seed yield and number of pods (0.83*), and cellulose content and plant height (0.73*). The identification of positive correlations for certain productive and nutritional traits will be used in breeding programs for the creation of new varieties with improved forage quality.

This paper presents the results of a two-year study of six selected soybean genotypes with the aim of examining which of the genotypes in the given production conditions give the best results in regards with the amount and quality of seed yield. All genotypes belong to a zero-maturity group. The correlation between the grain yield per plant and other studied traits was tested through linear (simple) correlations. The testing showed that the following traits had a positive highly significant impact on seed yield: the number of seeds per plant (0.917**), seed germination energy (0.897**), seed moisture content (0.803**), plant height (0.802**), seed germination (0.789**), the number of seeds in pods (0.696**), the number of harvested plants per m-2 (0.590**), the number of plants (phenophase 1-3 in the three-leaf stage) per m2 (0.550**), 1000 seed mass (0.471**), and the height to the first node (0.412**).