This paper explores the impact of performance expectancy (PE) and effort expectancy (EE) on the behavioral intention (BI) of managers to implement environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Us ing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study analyzes how these factors influence decision-makers’ engagement in sustainable business activities. A survey of 247 managers was conducted to assess their BI, PE, and EE for each ESG component. The collected data were ana lyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to construct a second-order latent model that measures the combined effects of these factors. The study fills a gap in the literature by examin ing sector-specific differences in the factors influencing ESG implementation. The results reveal that both PE and EE significantly affect an organization’s intention to adopt ESG practices, with varying impacts between the manufacturing and service industries. The findings highlight the different challenges and complexities each industry faces in implementing ESG practices. While focusing on PE and EE, it is acknowledged that other factors such as organizational culture, stakeholder pressure, and industry-specific dynamics also play roles in ESG adoption. The main contribution of this work is the use of a second-order latent construct within the TAM model for ESG practices, offering a unique perspective on understanding behavioral intention.

Introduction Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are neoplasms that can rarely rupture, causing hemorrhagic shock as the most serious complication. This pathological condition, (referring to AML) is classified as a benign tumor arising from the proliferation of epithelioid cells, consisting of fat tissue, blood vessels, and smooth muscle. Wunderlich syndrome describes a spontaneous, nontraumatic bleeding into the subcapsular or perirenal space. Most individuals with renal AML exhibit no symptoms and are often diagnosed incidentally, however, some may experience life-threatening complications such as rupture, hemorrhage, and circumstantial hypovolemic shock. Case outline Description of the clinical presentation of AML with rupture in a female patient with a brief overview of other cases of AML in the literature. Female patient, 68 years old, admitted for examination due to sudden severe pain in the abdomen with propagation to the right lumbar region accompanied by nausea and fatigue. After a complete physical examination, an abdominal ultrasound, and a CT scan, surgery was performed during which the right kidney was removed alongside the hematoma and the kidney envelopes, which were sent for pathohistological analysis. The result of the histopathological analysis confirmed that it was AML. Conclusion AMLs are benign neoplasms with potentially serious complications. The most serious complication of AML is rupture, leading to retroperitoneal hemorrhage, with tumor size being a significant risk factor. Considering the clinical importance of this potential complication, it is important to establish a swift and accurate radiological diagnosis, with the aim of timely therapeutic intervention and reduction of potential additional complications.

Timely and accurate defect detection is essential in the leather industry, as the quality of raw leather directly impacts both the usability and value of finished products. This paper provides a systematic overview of state-of-the-art solutions and proposes a novel approach for automated detection of leather surface defects using deep neural networks based on the Inception-V3 architecture. Five defect categories are introduced, focusing on their impact on leather quality. In addition, two deep neural network architectures were analyzed and implemented for defect detection and classification: a single-channel model and a multi-channel model with arbitration. The evaluation was carried out using a combination of a custom-developed dataset and publicly available datasets, assessed with standard performance metrics. Moreover, an image annotation tool was developed to facilitate precise defect labeling and the creation of variable-size datasets. Both models demonstrated promising results on the custom dataset, achieving accuracy rates exceeding 93%. The suggested methodology enhances the research domain of leather inspection automation by creating an openly accessible image dataset, performing a comparative analysis of detection models and creating software tools for data preparation. These contributions lay the foundation for further research in leather defect detection and potential industrial implementation.

Je li umjetna inteligencija, koja je danas pobudila sveopći znanstveni i javni interes, prilika koja se može pokazati korisnom za demokraciju ili je ona prijetnja koja donosi korjenite promjene i oko koje se trebamo duboko zabrinuti? S jedne strane, umjetna inteligencija može biti prilika za poboljšanje demokratskoga procesa u smislu jednostavnijega uključivanja u demokratsku raspravu i samim time u poboljšanju procesa kreiranja politika. S druge strane, rizici za demokraciju koje može generirati umjetna inteligencija mogu biti lažne informacije koje mogu izazvati različite društvene sukoba te kreirati mišljenja koja ne predstavljaju mišljenje javnosti. U oba slučaja, i kao prilika i kao prijetnja, umjetna inteligencija promijenit će mnoge aspekte demokracije, uglavnom na načine koje još ne možemo pojmiti. Ključne riječi: umjetna inteligencija; demokracija, izborni proces.

Heavy metals ubiquitously found in soil and water, as a serious environmental problem, are disrupting plant mineral nutrition homeostasis, osmotic balance, and metabolism. Application of some biostimulants can alleviate the disruption. Melatonin as a signal molecule, and antioxidant plays an important role in plant growth and stress tolerance due to its ability to directly neutralize reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The reduction or mitigation of heavy metals adverse effects in valerian plants grown in open field conditions using melatonin was investigated in this paper. HPLC-FLD technique was used to identify and quantify melatonin concentration in valerian root extracts. Also, physiological, and biochemical plant status under abiotic stress was examined, especially in 100 ?M melatonin pre-treated plants. Higher concentrations of endogenous melatonin were measured in roots of Cd and Zn treated plants. Melatonin application alleviated the negative effect of Cd, particularly evident in Cd-Melatonin treatment which restored or enhanced bioactive compound levels. Melatonin effectively mitigates Cd and Zn-induced stress in valerian by enhancing both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant systems and promoting the synthesis of protective compounds. These findings highlight melatonin potential as a sustainable biostimulant to support plant resilience and productivity in heavy metal-stressed environments.

Red clover is one of the most important perennial forage legumes in livestock feed production. It also plays a significant role in organic farming, as it enriches the soil with nitrogen through symbiotic fixation by nodule-forming bacteria, reducing the need for excessive use of mineral nitrogen. The application of foliar biofertilizers can have a significant impact on the productivity and nodulation of red clover. Since the productivity and quality of red clover largely depend on soil fertility, environmental conditions, variety selection, and the plant’s developmental stage at the time of mowing, the aim of this research was to determine the influence of red clover variety and foliar biofertilizer (BF0, BF1, BF2, BF4) on dry matter yield, crude protein content, and the abundance of nodule-forming bacteria. The research results showed that variety selection and the application of biofertilizer at higher concentrations had a significant effect on dry matter yield and crude protein content. However, the total number of nodules on red clover roots decreased with increasing biofertilizer concentration. The highest annual dry matter yield was achieved in the BF4 variant for the Una variety (12.71 t ha-1) and the Global variety (11.43 t ha-1). Similarly, the highest crude protein yield was recorded in the BF4 variant for the Una variety (1896.4 kg ha-1) and the Global variety (1678.0 kg ha-1).

Sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) is one of the popular varieties of corn in the human diet. Its quality is influenced by various properties such as grain moisture, colour, ear weight, ear length, texture, and sugar content, while its health benefits are attributed to its total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of N fertiliser application and sowing date on yield indicators, total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of sweet corn. The treatments of the experiment consisted of a combination of two factors, two different nitrogen regimes and two different sowing dates. The results show that the applied treatments significantly influenced the researched traits of sweet corn. Dehusked and husked ear mass, ear length, and yield were higher when sown earlier (385 g, 264 g, and 21 cm, respectively) than later sowing (364 g, 242 g, and 20 cm, respectively). Additionally, higher values of dehusked and husked ear mass, ear length, were recorded with a higher dose of fertiliser. Furthermore, total phenol contents ranged from 57.0 to 80 mg GAE 100 g-1 and depended on sowing date, fertilisation, and year of study.

Background: Whatever is done should be systematic, meaning to have an established system of steps from the beginning to the end of the action. Systematicity is especially important in writing a scientific research paper, because the more complex is the topic, the easier it is to make an error. In order to minimize the possibility of errors, many have proposed various mechanisms of systematicity in the form of steps. Objective: The aim and topic of this article is to describe the system of steps in writing a scientific research paper from the birth of an idea, to the publication and presentation of a scientific paper, and to present a scientific research paper as accessible, suitable for work and perhaps even as enjoyment for scientists. Methods: The author used appropriate and relevant sources - books, monographs, published articles, proceedings from the scientific conferences about preparing, publishing, and printing scientific papers which are deposited in the most influential indexed databases in the fields of science editing. Results and Discussion: Scientific research work is of great importance in the development of science, and is one of the key links in the education system, it is part of the culture of the individual and the nation, it contributes to the development of the individual and the community, and it is one of the sources of knowledge. The systematicity of writing a scientific research paper can be broken down into several parts: the scientist preparation, the preparation of the material, the performance of the action, the statistical analysis and interpretation of the data obtained from the research and their final analysis and interpretation for the purposes of publication in scientific and professional journals. The scientist preparation includes the scientist's intention, with which everything begins and which is ultimately an important measure of the quality of the work. At this stage, the scientist should not be affected by the „publish or parish“ syndrome, vanity or the desire for fame, because in these cases he may resort to means of intellectual dishonesty in research and lose honor and reputation. With the view that the works are evaluated and toward the end, we must not neglect the rest of the steps in the creation of scientific research work. Through the preparation of the material, online databases are described, which are a source of important information for anyone who wants to be involved in scientific research. Conclusion: In the step of performing the action, the very act of writing a scientific research paper, its structuring and the rules to be followed when writing the paper are described. The method of publishing the work is also described, as well as guides on how to present the work so that the message sent reaches the audience. By knowing all the steps of creating a scientific research paper, it becomes tempting and accessible to write and publish quality and practically applicable papers.