Background: The VEPs provide an objective measure of brain function, analyzing integrity of visual processing. With patients affected with schizophrenia, the changes with the implementation of VEP are evident, such as symmetrical deceleration of the impulse (reduction of the amplitude) and the continuance of latency, which points to a degenerative illness, suggesting the presence of optical neuritis or hemianopsia conjoined with mentioned intracranial illness. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the correlation of l P100 latency and P100 amplitude (µV) between patients with schizophrenia and patients with migraine headache. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were applied. Methods: The sample included 80 subjects: a) S group- 40 patients with schizophrenia (21 males; 19 females), b) H group-40 healthy subjects with migraine headache (10 males; 30 females). The study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, University Clinical Center Sarajevo. Results: Our research revealed positive correlations were registered in P100 latency in left view field of both eyes and in P100 amplitude in the region of right eye (p=0.01) in comparison with left eye region (p=0.05) in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion: Results imply that the cognitive impairment seen in schizophrenia is not just due to deficits in higher order aspects of cognition but also encompasses significant deficits in early sensory processing. Our study is useful to initiate new questions and recommendations for further studies, specifically on changes in the occipital lobe in the schizophrenic patient’s brain. Changes in the volume in the occipital lobe are quite evident and further studies are required to better understand how the progressive brain changes affect the structural, functional, and metabolic activities of the occipital lobe in schizophrenia.

Background: The pandemic of the new corona virus has taken its toll on the mental health of entire humankind with special impact on vulnerable groups, such as drug users in substitution treatment. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the population of opiate addicts who are on substitution therapy. Methods: The research was conducted in the Institute of Addiction Diseases of the ZE-DO canton on the population of patients addicted to opiates who are included in the substitution therapy program. The sample of 80 patients was randomly selected with respect to the inclusion criteria. An 8-parameter questionnaire with symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorder, ranked by intensity on the Likert scale from 0 to 4, was used as a measuring instrument. The change in these symptoms in the one-year period before the pandemic to the one-year period of the pandemic are compared. The results are analyzed in descriptive statistics using the SPSS program. The statistical significance was monitored by the χ2 test. Results: The results of this research show an apperent statistically significant increase in the symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorder, as well as an increase in drug abuse during the pandemic period compared to the period before it. Conclusion: Results imply the existence of a significant adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of treated opiate addicts. This research impose the need to affirm the prevention of further abuse of illegal substances, as well as the introduction of new customized programs through various psychosocial interventions and therapies carried out by psychiatrists and psychologists. Telemedicine presents itself as useful way of intervention and treatment.

The term transport chain includes the sum of all flows in which the transported goods are in motion, starting from the suppliers of raw materials, through intermediaries-wholesalers and retailers, all the way to the final consumers. The transport chain also includes numerous services that also contribute to increasing the value of the product. What will be the concrete structure of the transport chain, first of all, depends on the characteristics of the product itself, which is required by the final consumer, and which must be offered by the manufacturer. At the same time, the demands of consumers are based on the characteristics of their way of life and lifestyle, including the demands imposed by religious beliefs. These are specific requirements that, for example, are imposed on the Islamic faith through Sharia law. It strictly prescribes what is permissible for Islamic believers (permitted goods, services or behaviors) and is called halal. When we consider the Halal standard and its application in logistics, it means that all members of the supply chain in the Halal product system must comply with Sharia law. It specifically imposes the need for halal certification; specific hygienic and sanitary premises. At the same time, the procedures must be controlled by specially qualified persons and organizations, which are accepted by Islam.

Introduction: Cheiloscopy is defined as the study of the sulci labiorum, known as "lip prints". Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics of the lip grooves in the three dominant nationalities in the Republic of North Macedonia (Macedonians, Albanians, Roma) and to compare the obtained results with the morphological characteristics of the lip grooves in three other populations from different geographical regions. Material and methods: In this research, we included 150 examinees aged 25-50 years and divided them into three groups: Macedonians (50), Albanians (50) and Roma (50). The lip prints were taken using microscopic slides and detected using the dactyloscopic powder and brush method. We used the Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification to typify the lip prints. Results: The most common type of lip grooves in the population of the Republic of North Macedonia was the type II grooves. There was no significant difference in the presence of different types of lip grooves in the four quadrants between males and females, nor between Macedonians, Albanians and Roma. The comparative analysis showed that populations from different geographical areas had different anthropological and morphological characteristics of the lip grooves. Conclusion: Type II lip grooves are the most common in the population of the Republic of North Macedonia and there is no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of different types of lip grooves in the three nationalities in this study. Considering the large number of factors that can affect the quality of the lip print, we recommend that a swab should always be taken before collecting the lip print in order to attempt to extract DNA material from the found trace.

Data acquisition in process industries usually takes place at each sampling. The disadvantage is that a considerable amount of data without new information about the state of the process is continuously transmitted and processed. This negatively affects the communication system and computational power, which is more critical nowadays given the number of variables measured, even in seconds. One solution concerns the event-driven paradigm, in which only relevant data according to a pre-defined criterion is forwarded for further processing. This work investigated the event-based threshold and delta methods in the context of fault detection. The data transmission rate was also analyzed. The well-know Tennessee Eastman problem (TEP) was used as a case study. The fault detection system was based on PCA (principal component analysis), which is widely used for this purpose in this benchmark. The results were compared with the commonly used time-based approach, for a fixed false alarm rate. The threshold rule provided similar results, but with much less data. For the delta rule, significant MDR (missed detection rate) gains of up to 74% were obtained for five of the six hard-to-detect faults, and of up to 69%, for two of the three very hard-to-detect faults. MDR values very close to zero were reached for two of the three intermediate detection faults and two of the hard-to-detect faults. The detection time was also evaluated. In this regard, considerably lower values were obtained for all intermediate detection faults, three of the hard-to-detect faults and all very hard-to-detect faults. In short, the delta method was able to improve fault detection performance, especially for hard-to-detect faults, with a considerably lower data transmission rate, around 20% on average. Event-driven data acquisition can be very attractive for process industries.