Sulphur in steel is an undesirable element because it lowers all technological and uses values of steel products. During the steelmaking process, the desulphurization process depends on the thermodynamic conditions, the used desulphurizes, and the stability of the formed sulphides. The desulphurization technology in the production of low-carbon steel in a protective atmosphere, with the addition of synthetic slag and strong desulphurizing agents with additional argon blowing, is presented in this paper. The reduction of sulphur content achieved in the induction furnace is an important contribution to the technology of the production of low-carbon steels.

Road capacity utilization is causally connected with an appropriate level of efficiency and an optimal level of traffic safety. Therefore, in this paper, it is considered the issue of maximum utilization of road capacity through the maximization of the input parameter AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic), and the minimization of output parameters related to the categories of traffic accidents. It was defined six main road sections, which were evaluated based on seven techno-operational criteria using an integrated Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. The data refer to buses as a vehicle category. The Improved Fuzzy Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IMF SWARA) method was chosen to determine the weights of criteria, while the road sections were ranked using the Evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS). In addition, in one of the stages of applying the model when it comes to AADT, the Bonferroni operator (BFO) is used. The results show that the highest level of safety refers to a main road section with the following characteristics: average AADT, minimal deviation from the speed limit, an ascent of 7% and the lowest number of traffic accidents by all categories. In the paper, it was performed a multi-phase sensitivity analysis in order to identify possible differences in results when determining new circumstances.

In the Bosnian-Herzegovinian literary field, Alija Nametak established himself as a storyteller and novelist, but not as a poet and playwright. In this paper, for the first time, the poetic and stylistic-formational features of Nametak's poetry published from 1925 to 1932 in the magazines Jugoslovenska njiva, Književnik and Novi Behar are fully presented. His youthful poetry, stratified into an intimate and social thematic-motive register, flirts with contemporary modernist and avant-garde poetic tendencies, which we find in the poetry of Muse Ćazim Ćatić and Hamza Huma. The second part of the paper deals with his dramatic work: from historical drama (Narodna vlada), to comedy (Omer za naćvama and Abdullah-paša u kasabi), all the way to the holy-historical legend (Jusuf and Zulejha). Except for the last play, which remained in the manuscript legacy, in all the others there is a critical attitude towards certain social deviations. While in the drama Narodna vlada Nametak develops a patriotic discourse as a form of anti-colonial resistance, in the comedies Omer za naćvama and Abdullah Paša u kasabi, in the spirit of folk and palanquin carnival culture, he undermines primitivism and stereotyped roles in society. In the drama Jusuf and Zulejha staged the Qur’anic-Biblical historical story about Yusuf a.s. (Joseph.) As a folklorist, Nametak introduced various elements from folk life and customs into the drama, not only to create a context for shaping the character of his characters but also to use their potential for popular, carnival, and subversive distortion of established social and cultural norms and patterns. The poetry and drama of Alija Nametka, in a literary-historical sense, are significant because they reveal this writer to us as the protagonist of a multiple literary identity – it is a kind of identity of resistance which, apart from the already established religious and ethnic one, is realized in the social and feminist dimension as well.

The paper presents three literary images of the coexistence of Jews and Muslims in Ottoman Bosnia. The pictures chronologically represent a hodogram of coexistence from the 16th to the beginning of the 20th century. The first picture is Sušić's short story Šta učini Don Daniel Rodriga, in which the author first shows the early relationship between Bosnian Muslims and Jews in trade between the Ottoman Empire and the Venetian Republic, and then the social controversies that accompanied that process. The second picture is based on Bašeski's Ljetopis and presents a picture of coexistence in the daily life of Sarajevo in the 18th century, where it does not only include the beautiful and positive, but also the negative representations. However, this picture shows the dynamic connections between Muslims and Jews at the national level, but also the differences and tensions conditioned by the social, religious, and political context. The third picture represents the positive relationship between Muslims and Jews in the example of literary representations of Sarajevo’s Purim. Here we analyze the different interpretations of this event, as well as how much they, regardless of evident contradictions, together influenced the shaping of the discourse about this holiday of Sarajevo’s Jews.

Behavioral economics suggests that people do not always decide rationally but are even predictably irrational. This gives rise to the concept of nudge, which creates an architecture of choices that encourages people to behave as they wish. Loss aversion is one of the best-known phenomena in behavioral economics and a central notion of the prospect theory. The main idea behind this phenomenon is that losses hurt more than gains feel good. The framing effect is a bias where people choose some options differently, depending on whether they are presented as a gain or a loss. In this quasi-experimental study, the authors examine the role of loss aversion and framing effects on students' engagement and academic success. This study aims to test the hypothesis that students will have a stronger reaction to the reduction of awarded points, as opposed to an increase of awarded points, as they progress through the course. This will motivate them to work harder and achieve better academic success. The results show significant differences between the two groups in favor of the group being graded using the point reduction grading scheme. This suggests that the power of loss aversion can be exploited to increase students' engagement and academic success. The existence of framing effect in this case has been demonstrated, which shows it might be possible to use the choice architecture to improve the student results.

Stress caused by drought induces plant morphology, biochemistry, and physiology changes, leading to considerable reductions in plant growth and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant defence system of impatiens seedlings (Impatiens walleriana L.) under drought. The antioxidant response of impatiens to drought was evaluated using following parameters: the activity of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, pyrogallol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, total phenolic and flavonoids contents and total antioxidant capacity. The experiment was conducted during 2020 in a greenhouse under controlled conditions. Half of the impatiens seedlings (20 plants), after the acclimation period in the greenhouse, were exposed to drought for a period of five days, while the second half was not (20 plants were regularly watered). The results of the study showed that the exposure of impatiens seedlings to drought increased the activity of enzymatic components, total phenolics and flavonoids contents and total antioxidant capacity of leaves. Greater exposure of impatiens to drought (in the observed period) implied a higher plant enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence system activity. These results confirm that impatiens has evolved both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence mechanisms to adapt and survive the short-term drought exposure.

Purpose: Orbital cellulitis is a serious condition with potentially severe complications. Treatment requires interdisciplinary care and early introduction of antimicrobial therapy. In our tertiary center, a team of pediatricians, pediatric ophthalmologists, and otorhinolaryngologists successfully participated in the management of pediatric periorbital/orbital cellulitis. This study aimed to demonstrate our interdisciplinary approach and to investigate clinical profile and management of pediatric periorbital/orbital cellulitis. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all pediatric patients hospitalized for periorbital and orbital cellulitis in a tertiary hospital center from September 15, 2016, to March 15, 2020. Results: A total of 26 children—median age 2.7 years (range 0.5–12)—were treated during the study period. Disease presentation was unilateral, mainly during winter (n = 12) and autumn (n = 12), without ophthalmoplegia/proptosis. Seven patients had orbital cellulitis (Chandler classification of ≥III) and were older (6.5 years, P = 0.011) with sinusitis (P < 0.001), required surgery (P = 0.004), underwent longer antimicrobial treatment (13 days, P < 0.001), and had a longer length of hospital stay (13.43 days, P = 0.001). Orbital cellulitis occurred in a median of three days (range 1–12) of acute rhinosinusitis. Radiological survey was performed in 11 patients, whereas six patients were treated surgically. All intraoperatively collected cultures (sinus swabs) were positive, whereas Streptococcus pyogenes and Peptostreptococcus were isolated in five cases. All patients fully recovered. No recurrence was documented. Conclusion: Sinusitis is associated with severe orbital cellulitis and surgical management. Orbital cellulitis occurred early in the course of acute rhinosinusitis, as a distinctive presentation of rhinosinusitis. Interdisciplinary care and early management are crucial in treatment of pediatric periorbital/orbital cellulitis.

The kaolinite content is principally responsible for the durability performance of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), which calls into question its global applicability. The clay supply has a significant impact on the LC3 system’s reduced carbon footprint advantage. The influence of kaolinite concentration from two separate clays (collected in East South-East Europe) on the durability performance of concrete was investigated in this study. The low-kaolinitic clay had 18% kaolinite, while the medium-kaolinitic clay contained around 41% kaolinite. The compressive strength, chloride intrusion, electrical conductivity, surface resistivity, and sorptivity index were measured on concrete after 28 days. Furthermore, the pore structure development of these mixtures was investigated in relation to the kaolinite content of the mixtures. The reactivity test was performed on clays to measure their reactivity levels within the cementitious system. The results show that kaolinite content has a moderate effect on compressive strength, but it has a considerable effect on other durability indices. When compared to the Portland cement mixture, the chloride migration and diffusion coefficients were reduced by 50% and 36%, respectively, in the combination with a medium kaolinite content (more than 40%). The low-kaolinitic clay, on the other hand, achieved 60% of the chloride penetration resistance of the medium-kaolinitic clay. Furthermore, low-kaolinitic clay has been demonstrated to be suitable for low-carbon concrete in moderate exposure conditions.

<p style="text-align: justify;">3D scanning and 3D printing finds more and more application in digitalization, presentation and replicas making of different artworks. In this paper the capabilities of these technologies are represented on the example of a selected sculpture from Smrike national monument. Polygonal 3D model of the sculpture is made by using a manual 3D scanner. Using the obtained 3D model, twelve scaled-down replicas of the sculpture<br />are made by FDM 3D print technology. Different technical details and parameters, as well as processing in different software are presented and described.</p>

<p>In this paper, a differential equation is derived relating to the relationship among the Loschmidt constant, the Avogadro constant, and the speed of sound in gases as a function of the thermodynamic properties of the gas (pressure, temperature, and volume). To confirm the validity of the derived equation, the ratio of the constants NL/NA and the deviation of the NL/NA ratio for several ideal gases (hydrogen, helium, carbon monoxide,<br />nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane) were calculated using the ideal-gas equations of state (Pv=RT). The calculation of the ratio of the constants NL/NA and the deviation of the NL/NA ratio from the value for the gases at standard state (i.e., temperature 273.15 K and pressure 101325 Pa) is in a good agreement with the results published in literature, given the fact that the literature data of the NL/NA ratio is 0.04461498 at standard state. As the second step in confirming the validity of the derived equation, the ratio of the constants NL/NA and the deviation of the NL/NA ratio for several real gases (hydrogen, helium, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane) were calculated using the real-gas Van der Waals equation of state. In this case, the calculation results are also in agreement with the reference value.</p>

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is an organizational model of public service delivery in which a public partner joins with a private one for a joint delivery of a public service, creating added value for both parties in this “partnership”. From the point of view of the public partner, it decreases public expenditure, increases the quality and distribution of public services, and reduces agency costs. From the point of view of the private partner, the benefits are in achieving the planned rate of return, reducing sub-investment costs, reducing agency costs, and avoiding debt risk. There are numerous studies on the correlation between economic development and investment through PPP, which have led to this research. According to the legal framework in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is composed of entity and cantonal laws, a subject of PPPs may also be construction, use, maintenance and management or reconstruction of property for the purposes of meeting public needs in the health service sector. The aim of the paper is to explore the legal and institutional assumptions of investing through the PPP model in Bosnia and Herzegovina health service sector and to make recommendations for improving the PPP situation in the health service sector. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the paper is structured in three parts. The first part represents a concise theoretical framework in which the subject of the research is situated, the second part presents the state of affairs pertaining to investments in the health service sector, and the third part analyzes the current state of the use of this form of public service delivery in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The concluding section makes recommendations for improvements in terms of improving the investment through PPP in the sector of health care services.

Cottage cheese is the largest segment of the dairy market and is most often consumed as a fresh food. The microbiological quality of domestic cottage cheese can pose a problem for public health. Cottage cheese belongs to a group of foods having a potential public health risk. The aim of this study was to conduct microbiological research to determine the level of sanitary safety of cottage cheese types acquired from the most frequents markets of Sarajevo Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Of the total (n=40) analysed cheese types, 22 samples (55%) proved to be meet sanitary requirements, while 18 samples (45%) did not meet microbiological quality, pursuant to the microbiological criteria for cheese stipulated by the National Regulation of Microbiological Criteria B&H and Guidelines for Microbiological Food Criteria B&H. The study included 24 samples of pasteurised and 16 samples of unpasteurised milk. However, five cheese samples (20.8%) from pasteurised milk, and 13 samples (81.3%) from unpasteurised milk were non-compliant. Microbiological analysis was conducted for compulsory and several recommended microorganisms: Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, coagulase positive staphylococci and other species (Staphylococcus aureus), Escherichia coli, and yeasts and moulds. Our findings confirm that the most common bacteria were S. aureus and E. coli. Also, yeasts and moulds were detected but were within the permissible concentrations. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not detected in any of the examined samples.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative haematological malignancy characterized by constitutive activation of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase in the majority of patients. BCR-ABL1 expression activates signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. Current treatment options for CML include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) with resistance as a major issue. Various treatment options for overcoming resistance are being investigated. Among them, phytochemical curcumin could play an important role. Curcumin has been found to exhibit anti-cancerous effects in various models, including CML, through regulation of multiple molecular signaling pathways contributing to tumorigenesis. We have evaluated curcumin’s effects on imatinib-sensitive LAMA84S and K562, as well as imatinib-resistant LAMA84R cell lines. Our results indicate a significant dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and proliferation of imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant cell lines after curcumin treatment. Suppression of key signaling molecules regulating metabolic and proliferative events, such as Akt, P70S6K and NF-kB, was observed. Increased expression of caspase-3 suggests the potential pro-apoptotic effect of curcumin in the imatinib-resistant CML model. Additional in silico molecular docking studies revealed binding modes and affinities of curcumin with different targets and the results are in accordance with in vitro findings. Altogether, these results indicate the potential role of curcumin in the treatment of CML.

This paper is describing a new finding of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1927) caught at the insular shelves off the Sazan Island at the depth of 120 m, which is the southernmost record for a sandbar shark in the Adriatic Sea. The individual had a partially healed umbilical scar and is considered as neonatal. Examined shark appeared in good body condition with showed no macroscopic signs of diseases or macroscopic parasites. Detailed morphometric measurements are compared with four neonate and juvenile specimens from the north and central Adriatic Sea and are provided in the paper. Despite it is not possible to establish a certain conclusion on whether our specimen was born in the studied area or elsewhere, presented finding provides the very first evidence that neonatal sandbar sharks can be found along the coast of Albania. Knowing the exact locations and movements of both neonates and juveniles is of high importance for the effective long-term in-situ conservation.