O osobinama ličnosti češće se govori kada je potrebno odlučiti o profesionalnoj budućnosti radnika, odrediti da li zaslužuje napredovanje ili ne, da li je vrijedan ulaganja na temelju kapaciteta kojima raspolaže i slično. U praksi, kao i u stručnoj literaturi, nalazimo vidljivo manji broj ispitivanja ličnosti lidera, odnosno rukovodilaca ili vođa neke organizacije ili grupe. Iako se naglašavaju kompetencije koje dobar vođa treba imati, obično su te kompetencije vidljive tek nakon što neko zauzme poziciju vođe. U ovom radu polazimo od problema detekcije osobina ličnosti koje ima dobar vođa, bilo da je riječ o političkom lideru, kapitenu sportskog tima, rukovodiocu radne organizacije ili predstavniku neke neformalne grupe. Prikazom i analizom pregleda radova o osobinama vođe, ispituje se koje osobine ličnosti ukazuju da će pojedinac biti dobar vođa, ili da će – unatoč svim drugim kompetencijama, znanjima i vještinama – biti vođen od strane drugih.

Silene sendtneri Boiss. (Caryophyllaceae) is the Dinaric endemic plant species with white, decorative and scented flowers. Previous studies on this endemic species were based on morphology and effects on seed germination after the treatment with salicylic acid. However, no molecular genetic studies have been conducted on this species so far. This paper presents preliminary results of the usefulness of microsatellite loci created for cosmopolitan species in assessing the genetic diversity of endemic plant species. A total of 100 specimens were collected from 18 localities in the mountain regions of Treskavica, Igman, Bjelašnica and Ozren in Bosnia and Herzegovina. No S. sendtneri individuals were found at the mountain Trebević. We tested cross-amplification success and a polymorphism level for the set of microsatellite markers (Sil01, Sil03, Sil16, Sil31, Sil35) designed for the cosmopolitan species Silene nutans. In 100 analyzed individuals of S. sendtneri, Sil31 and Sil35 did not amplify, Sil01 was monomorphic and the remaining two loci showed a high level of allelic diversity. Our findings suggest that caution should therefore be exercised in selecting microsatellite markers designed for cosmopolitan plant species in the analyses of endemic species of the same genus since different genetic factors affect the amplification success and polymorphism of the given loci. Attention should be given to the number of detected and effective alleles and their ratio, the success of locus amplification concerning the complete set of markers used, and the ratio of polymorphs to the total number of observed loci.

Veliki nedostatak utvrđivanja i kontrole stepena obrasta jednodobnih šuma u praksi uređivanja šuma u Bosni i Hercegovini leži u činjenici da se koriste prinosne tablice izrađene za područja u drugim zemljama koje karakterišu drugačiji stanišni uslovi i način gazdovanja. Indeks obrasta sastojine prema Rajnekeu (Reineke) je, kao relativna mjera obrasta sastojine, pokazatelj produkcije pri različitim sastojinskim strukturama i u različitoj starosti. Preliminarna istraživanja pokazuju da se posmatrani pokazatelj obrasta može uspješno koristiti u praksi uređivanja šuma u Bosni i Hercegovini za jednodobne sastojine. Potreba za primjenom ovog pokazatelja obrasta je naročito izražena kada su u pitanju vještački podignute sastojine.

U čistim zrelim sastojinama hrasta kitnjaka u kontinentalnom dijelu Bosne i Hercegovine istraživani su elementi prostorne strukture sastojina. Privremene ogledne površine postavljene su na pet lokaliteta, tačnije, u pet ekoloških jedinica. Sastojine se nalaze u VII dobnom razredu (120–140 godina). Za definisanje homogenosti sastojina izračunati su indeksi homogenosti. U istraživanim sastojinama, sa pogoršanjem stanišnih uslova smanjuje se homogenost. Utvrđeni indeksi diferenciranja prečnika stabala po ekološkim jedinicama su približno jednaki. Primjenom metoda za utvrđivanje prostornog rasporeda stabala konstatovana je značajna slučajnost razmještaja stabala u prostoru.

In solid tumor oncology, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is poised to transform care through accurate assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) and therapeutic response monitoring. To overcome the sparsity of ctDNA fragments in low tumor fraction (TF) settings and increase MRD sensitivity, we previously leveraged genome-wide mutational integration through plasma whole genome sequencing (WGS). We now introduce MRD-EDGE, a composite machine learning-guided WGS ctDNA single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variant (CNV) detection platform designed to increase signal enrichment. MRD-EDGE uses deep learning and a ctDNA-specific feature space to increase SNV signal to noise enrichment in WGS by 300X compared to our previous noise suppression platform MRDetect. MRD-EDGE also reduces the degree of aneuploidy needed for ultrasensitive CNV detection through WGS from 1Gb to 200Mb, thereby expanding its applicability to a wider range of solid tumors. We harness the improved performance to track changes in tumor burden in response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer and demonstrate ctDNA shedding in precancerous colorectal adenomas. Finally, the radical signal to noise enrichment in MRD-EDGE enables de novo mutation calling in melanoma without matched tumor, yielding clinically informative TF monitoring for patients on immune checkpoint inhibition.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between one of the most commonly used anesthesia techniques, ketaminebased sedation, on the value of adenoma detection rate (ADR) during colonoscopy screening. Methods: This prospective, observational study included 140 patients, who underwent a standard colonoscopy preparation before the procedure. Sedation regimens included ketamine at 0.5 mg/kg and propofol at 0.5 mg/kg. Additional doses of propofol were administered at 0.5 mg/kg to maintain the Ramsey Sedation scale. Baseline characteristics, ADR, bowel preparation quality according to the Chicago bowel preparation (CHBP) scale, cecal intubation, colonoscopy removal, and complications were analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients was 55.76 years; 40 (28.6%) were males and 100 (71.4%) were females. The ADR was 43.57%, wherein 15.71% in males and 27.86% in females. There were 43.6% adenomas, 17.9% biopsies, and 22.9% polypectomies. The largest location of adenomas/polyps were in the rectum and sigmoid and ascending colon (p=0.11), a biopsy of the sigmoid colon and ileum (p<0.05), polypectomy of the rectum and sigmoid and ascending colon (p<0.05). The cecal intubation was 93.6% with a withdrawal time that is >6 min in most patients (80%) (p<0.05). The CHBP scale showed good bowel preparation (p<0.05) without complications. Conclusions: Ketamine-based sedation is in good overall correlation with ADR. Therefore, the sedation technique should be included for ADR assessment in the future.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been a source of fear around the world. We asked whether the measurement of this fear is trustworthy and comparable across countries. In particular, we explored the measurement invariance and cross-cultural replicability of the widely used Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), testing community samples from 48 countries (N = 14,558). The findings indicate that the FCV-19S has a somewhat problematic structure, yet the one-factor solution is replicable across cultural contexts and could be used in studies that compare people who vary on gender and educational level. The validity of the scale is supported by a consistent pattern of positive correlations with perceived stress and general anxiety. However, given the unclear structure of the FCV-19S, we recommend using latent factor scores, instead of raw scores, especially in cross-cultural comparisons. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Srebrnolisna lipa (Tilia tomentosa Moench) smatra se važnom vrstom drveća u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, a također je vrlo cijenjena u hortikulturi. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi postojanje interpopulacijske i intrapopulacijske varijabilnosti svojstava ove vrste u Bosni i Hercegovini i Srbiji. Mjerena su morfološka svojstva listova srebrnolisne lipe iz doline rijeke Sane (dva lokaliteta), kanjona rijeke Neretve (dva lokaliteta), te Nacionalnog parka „Fruška gora” (dva lokaliteta), sa trideset stabala po lokalitetu i 30 listova po stablu. Prosječna vrijednost duljine peteljke za sve populacije iznosi 40,3 mm, duljine plojke 111,0 mm, širine plojke 90,7 mm, udaljenosti prve desne razvijene žile od baze lista 0,3 mm, kut prve desne razvijene žile sa središnjom žilom 47,7°, duljina središnje žile 90,4 mm, odnos duljiina/širina plojke 1,3, odnos širina/duljiina plojke 0,8, ukupna duljina središnje žile sa petiolom 130,7 mm, duljina središnje žile/duljina peteljke 2,5, duljina peteljke/ukupna duljina središnje žile i peteljke 0,3. Najveći broj jedinki imao je dva primarna zupca po 1 cm duljine ruba lista. Analiza varijance za svojstva lista pokazala je da postoje statistički značajne razlike za sva svojstva lista po populacijama, dok je Dankanov test pokazao razdvajanje svih populacija u odvojene skupine za većinu svojstava. S obzirom na značaj srebrnolisne lipe kao vrste prilagodljive na klimatske promjene, kao i medonosne i vrste cijenjene u hortikulturi, potrebno je proširiti istraživanja na veći broj populacija, te provesti istraživanja na molekularnoj razini.

The research deals with the market assessment of pear varieties in Serbia. Market assessment represents the willingness of customers to consume a certain fruit or a certain variety. This research applies a market assessment of pear varieties based on expert decision making. Together with the experts, the criteria and varieties of pears used in the research are determined. Ten criteria and six varieties of pears that are mostly grown in Serbia are used. Experts evaluated pear varieties based on linguistic values according to selected criteria. Based on these values, and using fuzzy logic, the weights of the criteria are first determined using the fuzzy CRITIC method (criteria importance through intercriteria correlation), and pear varieties are ranked using the fuzzy CRADIS method (compromise ranking of alternatives from distance to ideal solution). The obtained results show that the highest rated varieties are Konferans and Viljamovka, while the lowest rated variety is Šampionka. Sensitivity analysis confirms these results. The obtained results will help cultivators and fruit vendors to choose those varieties that will achieve the best market results. This study is conducted to provide guidelines for the use of fuzzy methods in marketing assessment in fruit growing.

As no data to our knowledge exist, the aim of the study was to describe the national prevalence and characteristics of Danish children and adolescents with severely impaired lung function.

The aim of this research is to contribute to the understanding of the concept of satisfaction with life by determining the relationship between personality traits and the subjective experience of satisfaction with life in students—recreational athletes. This research is based on the biological theory of personality by Hans Eysenck and it attempts to offer explanations of a possible change in satisfaction with life in the period of great social deprivation caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample of subjects consisted of 120 undergraduate students (N = 120) of all years and both sexes, 55 (45.8%) males and 65 (54.2%) females, at the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, the University of Nis. The average age of the subjects was 23.63 years (SD = 2.070). Eysenck's personality questionnaire (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, EPQ: Eysenck et al., 1885, adapted and translated by Šipka, 1985) was used for the operationalization of personality structure. The SWLS scale (Satisfaction With Life Scale, Diener et al., 1985) was used for estimating satisfaction with life. A significant regression model, which explains 11% of variance in the subjective experience of satisfaction with life in recreational athletes, was obtained. In the model, extraversion stands out as a significant predictor from the group of personality traits (β = 0.279). Neuroticism (β = −0.160) and psychoticism (β = −0.122) did not prove to be significant predictors of satisfaction with life in the structural model regardless of there being a significant negative correlation between neuroticism and satisfaction with life. The more extraverted participants had a keener subjective sense of satisfaction with life.

ABSTRACT This study has examined the pattern of mycotoxin contamination of maize destined for animal feed in different global regions over a period of 3 years (2018–2020) with up to 1000+ samples analysed in each year. Overall, >75% of samples in each of the survey years were contaminated with multiple mycotoxins regardless of the global region (Europe, Africa, Asia, South Americas countries). Using LC-MS/MS, it was possible to quantify the relative contamination present in the samples in each year from the different regions of eight different mycotoxins including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA) deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and B2, zearalenone (ZEA), T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The trends in mycotoxin contamination showed that there was a consistent contamination with DON in the 3 sampling years in all four regions. Interestingly, AFB1 contamination was prevalent in all regions in 2018, but more predominant in Europe and in 2019. In contrast, in 2020 it was found to be the major contaminant in Africa only. However, FB1 contamination of maize which was prevalent in Europe in 2018, became more prevalent in Asia and LATAM countries in 2019 and even in African maize in 2020. Comparisons of contamination with different mycotoxins in each of the years globally showed significant differences for AFB1, FB1, DON and ZEA between the different years. These results are discussed in relation to the trends of contamination of maize with mixtures of mycotoxins and the implication for their control in this key commodity used as an important ingredient in animal feed.