Uspostava SFR Jugoslavije nakon Drugog svjetskog rata označila je početak formiranja jedne nove srpske i hrvatske emigracije čiju su okosnicu predstavljali kadrovi poraženih kvislinških režima kao što su Nezavisna Država Hrvatska ili Nedićeva Srbija. Nakon vojnog poraza mnogi vojni i politički predstavnici ustaških i četničkih vlasti uspijevaju pobjeći u zapadnoevropske zemlje, Ameriku, Australiju i druge države, gdje se postepeno organiziraju i počinju nacionalno-političko djelovanje. Među tim emigrantima bili su i aktivisti za koje se nedvojbeno može tvrditi da su imali muslimanske korijene. O njihovom vlastitom nacionalnom i vjerskom izboru teško je govoriti jer u nekim konkretnim slučajevima bilježimo otklone od nacionalnih i vjerskih korijena, odnosno identitarno poistovjećivanje sa srpskom ili hrvatskom emigracijom, ovisno o ranijem političkom opredjeljenju. Časopis Bosanski pogledi, glasilo bošnjačke političke emigracije, obrađivao je različite teme koje su se pokazale izuzetno značajnim za izučavanje historije bošnjačkog naroda. U tom smislu se i polemike s pripadnicima srpske i hrvatske emigracije muslimanskih korijena na stranicama tog lista pokazuju vrijednim izvorom za razumijevanje složenosti i višeslojnosti razvojnog puta njegovog nacionalnog i religijskog identiteta.

Cardiomyopathies are diseases of the heart muscle, and present a heterogeneous group of myocardial diseases with mechanical or electrical dysfunction, characterized by ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation. They can be strictly related to the heart muscle (primary), or as part of a systemic disease (secondary), and represent a factor that leads to a reduced quality of life, the occurrence of heart failure and mortality. The primary ones are those that are genetic conditioning, the mixed ones include dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathy, and the acquired ones are caused by myocarditis, stress-induced, peripartum, tachycardia-induced and those caused by endocrine pathology (primarily in newborns of mothers with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus). Etiologically, they can arise as a result of a genetic mutation, an inflammatory process, and they are also divided into metabolic, toxic and those caused by some other cause. The aim of the article was to present the characteristics of cardiomyopathies themselves in relation to the etiological factor, with review of the diagnostic and therapeutic modality.

The article deals with modeling and calculations of volumetric machine-building structures with complex geometry. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that its methodology and results can help design massive structural elements complex in shape, including cylinders of powerful hydraulic presses. Attention is paid to the problems of reducing the metal content of machine-building products and the safe conditions of their operation. Theoretical and applied work is based on numerical methods using analytical solutions to assess the reliability of computer calculation results. The choice of research method is because analytical solutions for massive parts of such a configuration are too complex for numerical implementation. Experimental methods are too expensive and not so universal as to sort out possible variants of shapes and sizes. For the actual model of the press, the capabilities of the finite element method implemented in the ANSYS multipurpose complex were selected and rationally used. The results of the calculations are summarized in the table and shown on the graphs of the stress distribution. Based on the performed calculations (with a reliability check based on the formulas of the theory of elasticity for simplified calculation schemes), conclusions were made to ensure a more even distribution of stresses and a reduction in the metal content of the product.

Introduction: Ascaris lumbricoides is a widely spread helminthic infection, predominantly affecting children, making them the most commonly infected population group. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infestation in two municipalities, Tešanj and Maglaj, and to investigate the occurrence of Ascaris lumbricoides infections in the pediatric population, focusing particularly on preschool children. Materials and Methods: The study involved the collection of 1409 fecal samples from the Tešanj and Maglaj areas, gathered over a 6-month period, spanning from September 2018 to February 2019. The processing of these samples was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory of Tešanj General Hospital. Results: Out of the total 1409 samples, 129 (9.16%) tested positive for Ascaris lumbricoides infestation. In Tešanj, where 1198 samples were collected, 106 (8.85%) tested positive, while in Maglaj, 211 samples were collected, with 23 (10.9%) testing positive. Notably, the majority of positive cases in both Tešanj and Maglaj were preschool-age children, accounting for 88.68% and 86.96%, respectively. The study did not identify any statistically significant correlation between age and gender distribution among those with positive test results in either Tešanj or Maglaj. Conclusion: Based on the study results, which have highlighted the infestation of preschool children with Ascaris lumbricoides in two municipalities in our country, it is imperative to implement preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of infection.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) represent a therapeutic modality option for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This group of drugs includes dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, canagliflozin, ertugliflozin and sotagliflozin. Given their proven benefit in the scope of heart failure through clinical studies, they have also gained their place in patients with reduced, moderately reduced, or preserved systolic function of the left ventricle. Due to the effect on both the systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle, and the neurohumoral activity itself, their range of use has been expanded in patients without a history of diabetes mellitus, and empagliflozin in a dose of 10 mg, as well as dapagliflozin in a dose of 10 mg, have been implemented in patients without diabetes mellitus. New directions for the expansion of the use of SGLT2 inhibitors have pointed towards their applicability in acute heart failure (sotagliflozin) and type 1 diabetes (sotagliflozin). Recently, clinical studies concerning the use of empagliflozin and dapagliflozin in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), appeared. The aim of this paper was to highlight the possible benefit of including SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with ACS.

Cardiotoxicity is one of the most important side effects of first-line chemotherapy medications. It is influenced by genetic variation, whereby the relationship between the chemotherapeutic dose and the risk of cardiotoxicity can be altered. The incidence of cardiotoxicity depends on the substance used in the therapeutic modality of cancer and can reach an incidence of 30% during a three-year follow-up. The main element of the clinical picture is systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle, with symptoms of heart failure, which can change or stop oncological therapy, along with pharmacological treatment of heart failure. These symptoms can occur during prolonged use of cancer therapies, monitoring the patient is advisable. Considering the increasing success of oncology therapy and the extension of life, as well as the improvement of the quality of life, a multidisciplinary approach, as well as the symbiosis of the work of cardiologists and oncologists, is imperative. Patient stratification concerning oncological treatment modality is imposed as part of a cardiologist's daily work from the beginning of cancer treatment.

Background: Correct measuring of blood and urine creatinine level is necessary for identification and tracking of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective: The aim of this study is a comparison of Jaffe and enzymatic methods for measuring creatinine in serum and in urine, in order to determine whether there are any statistical significant differences between them, and whether they are reflected on creatinine clearance calculation and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods: Creatinine in serum and urine was measured for the group of patients (N=60; female=34, male=26) from 24 to 69 years of age by using Jaffe’s method on Dimension RxL biochemical analyzer, and enzymatic method on integrated biochemical and immunochemical analyzer Architect ci8200, and obtained levels are used for creatinine clearance calculation and eGFR. Results: The methods correlate well, both in measuring serum creatinine (r 1 = 0.990) and in measuring urine creatinine (r 2 =0.974). There are no statistically significant differences between them (p=0.57). Measuring creatinine using different methods showed no statistically significant differences in the calculated clearances (p=0.93), they significantly correlate (r=0.9722). eGFR, using the MDRD and CKD-EPI formulas, were not statistically significantly different, regardless of the used method. Conclusion: Apart from significant correlations between the used methods, the results of using the Jaffe and enzymatic methods showed no significant differences at measuring serum creatinine level, or creatinine clearance and glomerular filtration rate.

Background/Aim: Due to the numerous beneficial effects of pomegranate that can be explained through its antioxidative effects, the aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant potential of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) prepared from pomegranate that was harvested in the southeast region of Herze-govina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), through in vitro and in vivo studies. Methods: In PoPEx total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols and antho-cyanins content was determined, as well as several antioxidative assays, including 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azino bis(3-ethylbenzothi-azoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay (ABTS), iron (III)-2,4,6-tripyridyl-S-triazine complex assay (FRAP), reduction of copper(II) ions (CUPRAC) assay, Briggs-Rauscher oscillatory reactions, neutralisation of OH radicals and lipid peroxidation assay. In vivo studies were performed by administrating 100 mg/ kg of body weight of PoPEx to the rats by gavage for 7 days, after which the rats were euthanised and prooxidative parameters (thiobabrituric acid reactive substances-TBARS as an index of lipid peroxidation, nitrites-NO 2 , hydrogen peroxide-H 2 O 2 and superoxide anion radical O 2-) were determined in plasma, as well as antioxidative parameters (superoxide dismutase-SOD, reduced gluta-thione-GSH and catalase-CAT) in erythrocyte lysates. Results: High content of phenolic compounds was found in PoPEx, which resulted in high antioxidative potential in all in vitro tests performed. In vivo study showed that PoPEx administration caused a significant decrease in TBARS, NO 2-, as well as an increase in reduced glutathione (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control group, while H 2 O 2 and O 2 * showed a lowering trend and SOD and CAT showed an increasing trend in PoPEx group, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: PoPEx demonstrated high antioxidative capacity measured in vitro and in vivo and can be potentially used as a supplement treatment in the prevention of various inflammatory conditions.

Introduction/Objective. Unintentional injuries is a global health issue among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of unintentional injuries divided according to different age groups and sex among the children and adolescents who have been hospitalised in public hospitals of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the e-base of the Agency for certification, accreditation and health care quality improvement of the Republic of Srpska data were collected from 10 public hospitals for patients aged ?19 years, who have been hospitalised for unintentional injuries in the period of January 2018 and December 2020. Results. The study identified 1,336 patients who were hospitalised for unintentional injuries, most of whom were boys (67.4%). Falls were the most frequent cause of hospitalisation in children of all age categories (aged 1 (70.6%), 1 to 4 (59.1%), 5 to 9 (68.5%)) and adolescents aged 10-14 (64.1%), while road traffic injuries were the leading cause of hospitalisation in adolescents aged 15 to 19 (62.6%). The cause of injury for the hospitalised patients were significantly related to age (p < 0.001) and sex (p < 0.05) groups. According to the nature of the injury in relation to the area of the body, the most frequent injuries were to the head (41.1%), caused by traffic accidents and falls. Conclusion. Since falls and road traffic injuries were the leading causes of hospitalisation, preventive measures should be taken to reduce the frequency of these injuries.

Background: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is ubiquitous among the adult population. The anxiety component of DFA is more strongly expressed in adults, and includes a physiological and psychological component, and is more often analyzed in research. Oral-surgical interventions represent a significant source of stress for the appearance of anxiety in subjects. The research aim was to analyze the presence of anxiety with the use of the revised Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DASR) and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in adult patients during the treatment of extraction of impacted third permanent molars by oral surgery. Material and Methods: The study included adult patients of both sexes, who were previously scheduled for oral-surgical removal of third permanent molars. Anxiety levels were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively as follows: 1st measurement (day of examination)-DASR, and STAI (X1 and X2); 2nd measurement (immediately before the intervention)-STAI (X1 and X2); 3rd measurement (day after the intervention)-STAI (X1 and X2). Results: Preoperatively, the presence of high levels of general anxiety, situational anxiety, and dental anxiety was determined. The levels were decreased before the planned surgery and were significantly reduced in the postoperative period. The STAI scale could be used to assess the presence of situational anxiety in the dental office on an equal footing with other known measuring instruments (e.g. DASR). Conclusions: Adequate therapy should be considered to prevent preoperative anxiety, which would increase the satisfaction of patients and therapists while reducing complications related to this type of intervention.

Background/Aim: Surgical removal of impacted third molars is associated with possible complications that are primarily comprehended as expected. Increase in incidence and severity of complications is directly related to the depth of impaction, and to the age of the patient as well. The aim of this research was to investigate the possible influence of the treatment duration relating to age and gender of the patients, the occurrence of pain, and the existence of previous anxiety experience connected with surgical wisdom tooth removal. Material and Methods. The study included adults of both gender indicated for surgical removal of impacted third molars. The existence of previous wisdom tooth removal experience was determined during the first examination, and the subjects' anxiety and pain levels were determined pre-, and postoperatively. Results: There were no differences concerning the place of treatment (dental office/operating room) and the duration of surgery. Younger participants showed the lowest levels of preoperative anxiety and the highest levels of postoperative anxiety, and frequently reported postoperative pain. Female participants showed higher levels of preoperative and postoperative anxiety, and also frequently reported postoperative pain. Conclusions: Anxiety and pain scores were lower when there was a previous experience with removal of impacted wisdom teeth.

<abstract> <p>Newton's identities of an infinite polynomial with complex-conjugate roots <italic>n</italic>^{<italic>−(</italic>σ+<italic>it</italic>)} and <italic>n</italic>^{<italic>−(</italic>σ<italic>−it</italic>)} are multiple zeta functions for <italic>n</italic>∈[1, ∞), σ∈R and <italic>t</italic>∈R. All Newton's identities can be represented by Macdonald determinants. In a special case of the Riemann hypothesis, the multiple zeta function of the first order is equal to zero, ζ(σ+<italic>it</italic>)+ζ(σ−<italic>it</italic>) = 0. The special case includes all non-trivial zeros. The value of the last, infinite multiple zeta function, in the special case, changes the structure of the determinant that can be calculated. The result is the reciprocal of the factorial value (<italic>n</italic>!)⁻¹. The general value of the infinite multiple zeta function is calculated based on Vieta's rules and is equal to (<italic>n</italic>!)^−2σ. The identity based on the relation of the special case and the general case (<italic>n</italic>!)⁻¹ = (<italic>n</italic>!)^−2σ is reduced to the equation −1 = −2σ. The value of the critical line for all non-trivial zeros is singular, σ = ½.</p> </abstract>