Invasive plant species are foreign species that usually have a negative impact to the native flora and vegetation, human health, or that cause damage to agriculture and the economy. Therefore, the spread of invasive species is one of the biggest problems in nature protection. The aim of the work is to determine the invasive plant species in the wider area of the city of Lukavac, to analyze the life forms and the geographical origin. The research was done during the summer months of 2021. This paper presents the results of research on invasive plant species in the wider area of the town of Lukavac, which is located in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina and administratively belongs to the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Tuzla Canton. Total 12 invasive species from 8 families and 12 genera were recorded. The largest number of species belongs to the Asteraceae family, while the other families are represented by one species. Among life forms, therophytes (58, 33%) and phanerophytes (25%) dominate. Geophytes and hemicryptophytes are represented by only one plant species. Recorded invasive plant species come from North America (75%) and Asia (25%).

The need for quality assessment of anthropogenic impact on environmental pollution is increasing due to discharge from various industries, the use of chemicals in agriculture and the consumption of fossil fuels. Diminishing resources such as natural waters used for the cultivation of agricultural products, plant and animal habitats are under severe pollution pressure and are at constant risk. Several parameters, such as Pb, Cd, Ni, Hg were listed by Water Framework Directive in Directive (2008/105/EC) in the priority substances. Cadmium and Hg were identified as priority hazardous substances whereas As is an important contaminant for its potential toxicological and carcinogenic effects. An inter-comparison study is organised in EURAMET TC-MC in order to demonstrate the capability participants for measuring five elements in river water. The participants carried out measurements for analytes: Pb, Cd, Ni and As as mandatory elements, and Se as an optional one. Participants were asked to perform the measurements with respect to the protocol provided. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

Background The incidence of the highly morbid and potentially lethal gangrenous cholecystitis was reportedly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the ChoCO-W study was to compare the clinical findings and outcomes of acute cholecystitis in patients who had COVID-19 disease with those who did not. Methods Data were prospectively collected over 6 months (October 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021) with 1-month follow-up. In October 2020, Delta variant of SARS CoV-2 was isolated for the first time. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed and reported according to the STROBE guidelines. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients who had COVID-19 were compared with those who did not. Results A total of 2893 patients, from 42 countries, 218 centers, involved, with a median age of 61.3 (SD: 17.39) years were prospectively enrolled in this study; 1481 (51%) patients were males. One hundred and eighty (6.9%) patients were COVID-19 positive, while 2412 (93.1%) were negative. Concomitant preexisting diseases including cardiovascular diseases ( p  < 0.0001), diabetes ( p  < 0.0001), and severe chronic obstructive airway disease ( p  = 0.005) were significantly more frequent in the COVID-19 group. Markers of sepsis severity including ARDS ( p  < 0.0001), PIPAS score ( p  < 0.0001), WSES sepsis score ( p  < 0.0001), qSOFA ( p  < 0.0001), and Tokyo classification of severity of acute cholecystitis ( p  < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the COVID-19 group. The COVID-19 group had significantly higher postoperative complications (32.2% compared with 11.7%, p  < 0.0001), longer mean hospital stay (13.21 compared with 6.51 days, p  < 0.0001), and mortality rate (13.4% compared with 1.7%, p  < 0.0001). The incidence of gangrenous cholecystitis was doubled in the COVID-19 group (40.7% compared with 22.3%). The mean wall thickness of the gallbladder was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group [6.32 (SD: 2.44) mm compared with 5.4 (SD: 3.45) mm; p  < 0.0001]. Conclusions The incidence of gangrenous cholecystitis is higher in COVID patients compared with non-COVID patients admitted to the emergency department with acute cholecystitis. Gangrenous cholecystitis in COVID patients is associated with high-grade Clavien-Dindo postoperative complications, longer hospital stay and higher mortality rate. The open cholecystectomy rate is higher in COVID compared with non -COVID patients. It is recommended to delay the surgical treatment in COVID patients, when it is possible, to decrease morbidity and mortality rates. COVID-19 infection and gangrenous cholecystistis are not absolute contraindications to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in a case by case evaluation, in expert hands. Graphical abstract

Tungsten belongs to group of refractory metal that possess extraordinary resistance to heat and wear and it is the heaviest engineering material. Because of its properties tungsten is used for special purposes. This paper presents the results of mechanical and microstructure research on the example of the characteristic heavy tungsten alloys 91W-6Ni-1.8Fe-1Co and 93W-5Ni-1.6Fe-0.3Co with different Ni/Co ratios. The proper Ni/Co ratio is important to obtain a favorable microstructure and mechanical properties of these materials. The distribution of the W, Ni, Co and Fe elements in tungsten phase and binder phase, which can influence on mechanical properties of tungsten alloys. The SEM analysis and mechanical results show that the alloy, which has Ni/Co within the given limits,  posses a finer microstructure and better mechanical properties that is very important for the maintenance of the quality of tungsten alloys for special purposes.

Introduction The J Project (JP) physician education and clinical research collaboration program was started in 2004 and includes by now 32 countries mostly in Eastern and Central Europe (ECE). Until the end of 2021, 344 inborn errors of immunity (IEI)-focused meetings were organized by the JP to raise awareness and facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of patients with IEI. Results In this study, meeting profiles and major diagnostic and treatment parameters were studied. JP center leaders reported patients’ data from 30 countries representing a total population of 506 567 565. Two countries reported patients from JP centers (Konya, Turkey and Cairo University, Egypt). Diagnostic criteria were based on the 2020 update of classification by the IUIS Expert Committee on IEI. The number of JP meetings increased from 6 per year in 2004 and 2005 to 44 and 63 in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The cumulative number of meetings per country varied from 1 to 59 in various countries reflecting partly but not entirely the population of the respective countries. Altogether, 24,879 patients were reported giving an average prevalence of 4.9. Most of the patients had predominantly antibody deficiency (46,32%) followed by patients with combined immunodeficiencies (14.3%). The percentages of patients with bone marrow failure and phenocopies of IEI were less than 1 each. The number of patients was remarkably higher that those reported to the ESID Registry in 13 countries. Immunoglobulin (IgG) substitution was provided to 7,572 patients (5,693 intravenously) and 1,480 patients received hematopoietic stem cell therapy (HSCT). Searching for basic diagnostic parameters revealed the availability of immunochemistry and flow cytometry in 27 and 28 countries, respectively, and targeted gene sequencing and new generation sequencing was available in 21 and 18 countries. The number of IEI centers and experts in the field were 260 and 690, respectively. We found high correlation between the number of IEI centers and patients treated with intravenous IgG (IVIG) (correlation coefficient, cc, 0,916) and with those who were treated with HSCT (cc, 0,905). Similar correlation was found when the number of experts was compared with those treated with HSCT. However, the number of patients treated with subcutaneous Ig (SCIG) only slightly correlated with the number of experts (cc, 0,489) and no correlation was found between the number of centers and patients on SCIG (cc, 0,174). Conclusions 1) this is the first study describing major diagnostic and treatment parameters of IEI care in countries of the JP; 2) the data suggest that the JP had tremendous impact on the development of IEI care in ECE; 3) our data help to define major future targets of JP activity in various countries; 4) we suggest that the number of IEI centers and IEI experts closely correlate to the most important treatment parameters; 5) we propose that specialist education among medical professionals plays pivotal role in increasing levels of diagnostics and adequate care of this vulnerable and still highly neglected patient population; 6) this study also provides the basis for further analysis of more specific aspects of IEI care including genetic diagnostics, disease specific prevalence, newborn screening and professional collaboration in JP countries.

The impact of geometric characteristics on traffic risk is reflected through identifying conflict points on roads,traffic accidents, and any other unforeseen situation that is inherently hazardous for traffic participants. In order to identify the road sections with the highest risk, it is necessary to consider a number of criteria that affect risk, and conduct extensive empirical research, analysis and data synthesis. This paper evaluates 9 sections of two-lane roads in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Republic of Srpska) using an integrated Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) model.To determine the significance of 8 criteria for the evaluation of the sections, it was applied a subjective–objective model consisting of 3 methods: (1) CRiteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC), (2) FUll COnsistency Method (FUCOM) and (3) fuzzy PIvot Pairwise RElative Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA). The aggregation of the criterion values obtained using the methods yielded the final criterion values. Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) method was used to evaluate the sections and determine their objective diversity. The obtained results identified one location as extremely hazardous by most of analysed input parameters. The section with the highest risk is the Rudanka – Doboj section (A4), which represents a section of the road infrastructure of the 105 road. The validation of the results obtained by applying the integrated MCDM model was performed through an extensive sensitivity analysis. The weights of criteria were observed through initially individual methods implemented in the MARCOS method. Then, a comparative analysis was performed with 6 other MCDM methods and Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient (SCC) was calculated as a statistical indicator of rank correlation in a sensitivity analysis. In addition,the Standard Deviation (STDEV) of the obtained results was determined.

Supplier selection is an important task in supply chain management, as suppliers have a vital role in the success of organisations in a supply chain. Sustainability has emerged as a solution to decreasing resources and increasing environmental and social problems in the past few decades. It has been applied to various industrial operations, one of them is supplier selection, to mitigate unwanted effects in the future. Sustainable supplier selection is a complicated multi-criteria decision making problem, including several criteria from economic, environmental, and social perspectives. To deal with subjective judgements of decision makers, fuzzy and grey methods are widely used in multi-criteria decision making, In the case of small, limited, and incomplete data, the grey theory provides satisfactory results, compared to fuzzy methods. Therefore, this study is an integrated method including grey Best-Worst Method (BWM) and grey Weighted Sum-Product (WISP) for choosing the most sustainable supplier for a textile manufacturer, which includes three main criteria and twelve sub-criteria. According to the result of the proposed model, the supplier with the best performance was determined to be the supplier with the SP2 coded. The results of the developed model were shown to the experts, and the accuracy of the results was confirmed. According to the experts, a higher amount of product can be purchased from the supplier with the SP2 code, and a tighter relationship can be worked with this supplier. The contributions of this study are: (1) Develop a new grey MCDM model called Grey WISP. (2) Create a new integrated MCDM model with grey theory, BWM, and WISP methods that can be applied to assess supplier sustainability using this hybrid model. The proposed model can be used not just for selecting sustainable suppliers, but also for any other decision problems that have multiple criteria and alternatives. The findings suggest that the Grey WISP method achieved accurate results.

Using seismic recordings of event S1222a, we measure dispersion curves of Rayleigh and Love waves, including their first overtones, and invert these for shear velocity (VS) and radial anisotropic structure of the Martian crust. The crustal structure along the topographic dichotomy is characterized by a fairly uniform vertically polarized shear velocity (VSV) of 3.17 km/s between ∼5 and 30 km depth, compatible with the previous study by Kim et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abq7157. Radial anisotropy as large as 12% (VSH > VSV) is required in the crust between 5 and 40 km depth. At greater depths, we observe a large discontinuity near 63 ± 10 km, below which VSV reaches 4.1 km/s. We interpret this velocity increase as the crust‐mantle boundary along the path. Combined gravimetric modeling suggests that the observed average crustal thickness favors the absence of large‐scale density differences across the topographic dichotomy.

Due to the computing capability and memory limitations, it is difficult to apply the traditional deep learning (DL) models to the edge devices (EDs) for realizing lightweight automatic modulation classification (AMC). Recently, many works attempt to use different ways to realize lightweight AMC methods for EDs. However, the lightweight seems to be a contradiction with the classification performance in these lightweight networks. In this article, we propose an efficient lightweight decentralized-learning-based AMC (DecentAMC) method using spatiotemporal hybrid deep neural network based on multichannels and multifunction blocks (MCMBNN). Specifically, the lightweight network is designed from the perspectives of comprehensive consideration of lightweight and classification performance, which is composed of three parts to extract different features for realizing high classification performance and they are phase estimator and transformer (PET) block, spatial feature extraction block and temporal feature extraction & Softmax block. In addition, we use a multichannel input to extract complementary features of different channels for a better classification performance. The proposed DecentAMC method is an efficient training method, which is achieved by the cooperation in which multiple EDs update and upload the model weight to a central device (CD) for model aggregation to avoid the data privacy disclosure and reduce the computing power and storage pressure of CD. Experimental results show that the proposed MCMBNN can obtain an improved classification accuracy while reducing model complexity with the contributions of three blocks. Moreover, the proposed DecentAMC method can be deployed on EDs efficiently. Thus, the method has the advantages of avoiding data leakage on EDs and relieving the computing pressure of CD with relatively lower communication overhead. The simulation code and datasets are shared on GitHub.

The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) was developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development to measure students’ knowledge and skills needed for today’s society. PISA is a large-scale assessment of 15-year-old students in reading, mathematics, and science. In this analysis of PISA data from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH), we examined the relationship between gender, mathematics achievement, and perceived meaning in life in BIH students. The sample for this analysis comprised 6480 students (3148 females and 3332 males). The results of the analysis revealed a small but statistically significant, negative relationship between mathematics and the student’s perception of the meaning in life. Boys achieved higher scores in mathematics than girls, but the difference was relatively small. In addition, boys’ rating of meaning in life was higher than that of girls. Knowing what factors influence mathematical achievement might help educators create better intervention programs. In conclusion, we provided some possible explanations for these data.

Rational use of available land is of great importance for the economic development of every society, especially considering the fact that soil is the primary production resource, thereby placing an even greater importance on its protection and conservation, but also on the correct use of it. This paper focuses on the municipality of Bužim, located in the north/western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the soil suitability for the purposes of corn cultivation were assessed and examined by using the FAO (1976) methodology of AEZ (agroecological zoning), which uses input data such as soil characteristics, climate change, relief patterns of the investigated area, and the requirements of the agricultural crops. Within the municipality of Bužim, 13,026.27 ha of the land is used for agricultural purposes. In regards with the corn, one distinguishes between two categories ofsoil suitability: the suitable classes (S1, S2, S3), which occupy more than 43.44% of the land surface, and the unsuitable class (the N class), which only occupies 0.94% of the land surface. Thus, it can be concluded that conditions necessary for corn do exist within the municipality of Bužim, in the form of land resources, and higher yields can be achieved by implementing landscaping measures and introducing new corn varieties in accordance with the latest scientific and expert achievements.

Objetivo: Avaliar qualidade de vida, ansiedade, depressão e desesperança em casais submetidos a avaliação/tratamento em serviço público de Reprodução Humana no Brasil. Método: Todos os casais estiveram em avaliação e tratamento para fertilização de setembro de 2014 a julho de 2015 foram entrevistados. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar (HAD), o Fertility Quality of Life tool e a Escala de Desesperança de Beck. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 272 participantes (57,4% mulheres). Foram encontrados 20,9% de sintomas de ansiedade, 12,2% de depressão e 18,4% de desesperança no grupo. Os resultados mostraram que os baixos índices nas subescalas Emocional e Mente/Corpo estavam relacionados aos sintomas depressivos em mulheres, enquanto a relação com a depressão centrava-se na subescala Mente/Corpo. Nas mulheres, os baixos índices foram encontrados nas subescalas Emocional e Mente/Corpo relacionados com a desesperança, enquanto nos homens as subescalas Mente/Corpo e Tolerabilidade mostraram-se significativamente comprometidas. Conclusões: A experiência do casal pode se tornar um fator de risco maior aos danos na qualidade de vida durante o tratamento, o que aumenta a possibilidade de um impacto significativo na saúde física e mental do casal.

Cytogenetic testing plays a major role in the diagnosis of different types of lymphadenopathies, assessment of survival prognosis, but also in the selection of adequate therapeutic strategies. Reports on aggressive head and neck lymphomas combining (cyto)genetics with pathology are rare, also lacking in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of this retrospective study was to provide all chromosome aberrations data recorded in the group of patients diagnosed with malignant head and neck lymphadenopathy, and to analyze advantages and disadvantages of bone marrow (BM) cytogenetics analysis. Out of 819 patients who underwent cytogenetic analysis of BM in five years’ time spread, chromosomal abnormalities were analysed in 54 karyotypes of patients with clinically suspected head and neck lymphadenopathy. We recorded 66,6% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 26% Hodgkin lymphoma, 3,7% Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 3,7% Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chromosomal abnormalities in the karyotype were detected in 32 (59.2%) of a total of 54 patients. A normal karyotype was observed in 14 (26%) patients. In 8 (14.8%) subjects, it was not possible to perform cytogenetic analysis. The results of this research are representative in a term of the karyotype characteristics of patients with head and neck lymphoma. This is the first work of its kind in Bosnia and Herzegovina and will continue through a multicenter study in order to characterise the diagnostic and prognostic significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in lymphoma patients.