Background: Coeliotomy in chelonian species is performed to gain access to the abdominal cavity and requires general anesthesia. In reptile medicine, alfaxalone and propofol are often preferred, although the usage of these drugs is limited by cost and/or vascular access. Furthermore, according to a recent study, propofol produces significant oxidative stress in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans), and in such cases, a ketamine and medetomidine combination may provide a better choice. Case description: Three owned red-eared sliders were separately presented with a history of recent lethargy, inappetence, dyspnea, and restlessness. Findings/treatment and outcome: In these three cases of chronic dystocia, a ketamine and medetomidine combination was used to achieve anesthesia induction for surgical treatment. Additionally, intrathecal administration of lidocaine was performed to achieve a potential analgesic effect in deeper intracoelomic reproductive organs. Preoperative changes in blood parameters were observed in one animal, suggesting abnormal kidney function. The same animal showed signs of resedation postoperatively, prolonged recovery, and had a fatal outcome 48 h after the surgery with signs of kidney damage in histopathological evaluation. In the recovery period, none of the surviving animals (n=2) showed neurological or respiratory complications that could be associated with subcarapacial sinus anesthesia administration or intrathecal local anesthesia. Conclusion: According to our observations, intrathecal lidocaine administration provided sufficient analgesia during prefemoral coeliotomy and reproductive organ manipulation. These modes of anesthesia in chelonians require further investigation.

Background: Suicide is a major public health issue and a leading cause of premature mortality worldwide. Assessing suicide risk remains challenging due to multifactorial risks. Objective. The aim of the study was to present ten-year trends in suicides in the Zenica-Doboj Canton and to describe the methods of suicide by gender, age, and year of occurrence, with the goal of better understanding this complex and deviant form of behavior. Methods: In the article has been included a retrospective analysis of suicide data collected from the suicide reporting form in the Zenica-Doboj Canton, obtained from the Institute for Health and Food Safety Zenica for the period 2015–2024. Results: Resuzlts are based on 147 processed cases of suicide over a ten-year period. The distribution of suicides by age group was: under 1 year: 0 (0%), 1–4: 0 (0%), 5–9: 0 (0%), 10–14: 0 (0%), 15–19: 4 (3%), 20–29: 16 (11%), 30–39: 13 (9%), 40–49: 20 (15%), 50–59: 26 (18%), 60–64: 27 (19%), 65–69: 9 (6%), 70–79: 20 (14%), 80+: 12 (8%). The average number of suicides per age group was x̄ = 11.3. Yearly suicide cases: 2015: 19 (12.9%), 2016: 19 (12.9%), 2017: 22 (14.9%), 2018: 29 (19.7%), 2019: 29 (19.7%), 2020: 8 (5.4%), 2021: 1 (0.68%), 2023: 0 (0%), 2024: 0 (0%). The average number of suicides per year was x̄ = 14.7. The gender distribution was 73% male and 27% female, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.7:1. The most common method was intentional self-harm by hanging, strangulation, and suffocation; 93 (63.2%). Conclusion. Understanding suicide trends, mechanisms, and methods in the Zenica-Doboj Canton can help in the development of early-prevention programs and prevention strategies, as well as in better understanding the contributing factors and suicidal individuals’ attitudes that lead to such fatal decisions.

The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical course and outcome of the disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who were hospitalized at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases of the University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska (UCCRS), in the period from November 30, 2024 to April 1, 2025, due to confirmed influenza. The study included 125 hospitalized patients with microbiologically confirmed influenza. Among them, 20.8% had COPD, of which 48% were male and 52% female, with an average age of 68.6 years and the majority had influenza A (76%), while 24% had influenza B. The mortality rate among patients with COPD was 8%, compared to 32% in patients without COPD. Laboratory findings showed higher levels of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in patients with COPD, indicating a more pronounced inflammatory response. Additionally, COPD patients had higher levels of D-dimer, suggesting an increased tendency toward thrombosis. Radiological analyses revealed various forms of pneumonia, with 48% of COPD patients showing negative radiological findings despite elevated CRP levels. Oxygen therapy and de-obstructive treatments were more frequently administered in COPD patients, while antibiotics were included in the treatment of all COPD patients. The results suggest the need for a specific therapeutic approach in this group of patients patient group. Also, vaccination against influenza is a key preventive measure that can prevent influenza, reduce the severity of the disease if it occurs, and improve the outcome, especially in patients with COPD, who are more susceptible to more serious complications.

Introduction. Owing to its high incidence and significant impact on public health, breast cancer represents a major clinical and epidemiological challenge. This study aimed to describe the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of newly diagnosed breast cancer cases in Sarajevo. Results. Among 10,547 breast examinations, 165 breast cancers were detected (1.5–1.6% annual incidence). Conclusion. This study highlights the heterogeneity of breast cancer and emphasizes the need for further research to refine diagnostics and treatment. Keywords: Breast cancer, Estrogen Receptors, Progesterone Receptors.

Introduction. Psychiatric disorders frequently co-occur with chronic somatic diseases, trauma, and family psychiatric history. Results. Affective disorders were most prevalent (67%), particularly among women and retirees. Conclusion. Psychiatric diagnoses are closely intertwined with demographic and social factors, trauma, family history, and somatic comorbidities. These findings highlight the need for integrated, multidisciplinary care. Keywords: Age, Comorbidity, Mental Disorders, Sex, Somatic Diseases.

It is well known that with the emergence of Industry 4.0, the focus was placed on the digitalization and automation of industrial processes through technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, which led us in the direction of smart production processes with the goal of ‘’smart factories’’. Unlike Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0 emphasizes the importance of humanization of technology, where people and robots work together in a harmonious environment. The paper examines whether advanced robotic technology can be synergistically integrated with human creativity to create more efficient, innovative and sustainable production practices. The paper explores the key elements that enable the integration of robotic technology and human creativity, including collaborative robots (cobots), artificial intelligence that supports creative processes and advanced sensor systems. Collaborative robots, designed to work safely alongside humans, take over routine and physically demanding tasks, freeing up time for workers to focus on creative and strategic activities. AI technologies analytically support human decisions, enabling faster and more informed innovation. Ethical and safety aspects of robotic technology integration are discussed, emphasizing the need for a transparent and responsible approach. The application of robotic technology in industry brings significant benefits, including increased productivity, cost reduction, improved worker safety and more sustainable development. The key to the success of Industry 5.0 is in creating a balanced synergy between technology and human creativity. By harmonizing automation with humanization, industry can achieve new levels of innovation and efficiency, adapting to the dynamic needs of the global marketplace. This approach ensures not only technological progress, but also social responsibility, thus laying the foundations for a sustainable and prosperous future for the industry.

Body image is most often defined as an individual's subjective perception of their physical appearance, i.e., the mental image that an individual has of their own body dimensions, contours, figure, and feelings associated with these characteristics. Adolescence is a critical period in the development of body image, and numerous factors have an influence on its development and characteristics - gender, age, family, peers, body mass index, socio-cultural norms, media, and physical activity. Biological factors, primarily age at which changes related to puberty occur, are considered crucial for the development of body image. Body image in early adolescence is primarily influenced by parents, and peer influence increases with age. Adolescent girls want to be thinner, while boys want to have an athletic appearance. Body mass index is one of the most important factors influencing body image and satisfaction with weight and physical appearance, and different studies have shown association between obesity and negative body image. During the last decades, the influence of the internet, social media, and computer games on body image has been significantly higher than traditional media such as television, newspapers, and magazines. A number of different questionnaires and scales are used to assess different aspects of body image. One of the most comprehensive studies that addresses different aspects of adolescent health and includes body image assessment is the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study, HBSC. Given that body image (dis)satisfaction can change drastically during adolescence, it can also have a significant impact on mental health (ranging from depression to anxiety), as well as other health-related behaviours. Therefore, it is important to identify adolescents at risk who will adopt different eating behaviors to regulate their body weight, especially those who underestimate and overestimate their body weight, as well as those who are obese.

Introduction. Over the past decades, there has been a significant improvement in the quality of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The goal of this study is to assess patient related risk factors for the development of ST in patients treated with PCI. Results. According to the study, the percentage of patients with ST who had bare metal stents (BMS) was significantly higher (72.41%) than that of patients without ST (27.59%). Conclusion. Lower ejection fraction, presence of dyslipidemia and usage of BMS were identified as independent predictors of ST. Keywords: Stent Thrombosis, Risk Factors, Prognosis.

Background: Water is essential in air conditioning processes, where it is used for cooling or heating. Its longer retention in the tanks and pipes of air conditioning devices can lead to physical and chemical changes that favor the appearance and reproduction of Legionella spp. This pathogen causes diseases that arise from inhalation of contaminated aerosol. The research was conducted in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina during 2023-2024. and included 30 public facilities where 54 water samples were collected from air conditioning devices. Objective: The main goal of the research was to determine the presence of Legionella spp. in water from air conditioning devices, and to examine correlation of physical and chemical parameters (temperature, residual chlorine, ph value, iron, zinc and copper) with the pathogen presence. An additional goal of the research was to examine the relationship between the physical and chemical parameters of water. Methods: The research was conducted at the territory of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in the period 2023-2024. The samples were analysed in an authorized laboratory in Sarajevo, using standard microbiological and chemical methods. The water of the air conditioning units was analysed for presence of L. spp., the detection of the bacteria and the determination of the relationship between the examined physical and chemical factors and the settlement of pathogens in the air conditioning units. Results: Legionella spp. was isolated in 7 (13%) of 54 analysed samples. A correlation between higher temperature, lower residual chlorine, and higher concentrations of iron and copper with the bacteria appearance was established. Among the analysed parameters, several significant mutually positive correlations were recorded. Out of a total of 54 analysed samples from air conditioning devices, L. spp. was isolated in seven. The results showed that there is a relation between higher temperature and lower concentration of residual chlorine, as well as higher concentrations of Fe and Cu, with the occurrence of L. spp. in air conditioning devices. No statistically significant association between the presence of bacteria and Zn concentration or water pH was confirmed. By analysing the mutual relations between the tested physical and chemical parameters, the relation of Fe with Zn and Cu, and Zn with Cu and Ph value was determined. The limitation of this study refers to the fact that during the testing the so-called dead pipes in the system was not detected nor present, nor was there a test for the presence of biofilm inside the installation. Conclusion: The results indicate the importance of regular monitoring of water parameters in air conditioning devices in order to reduce the risk of Legionella spp. colonization and to improve preventive measures in public health and air conditioning engineering.

Summary This paper presents the influence of equal channel angular extrusion on the microstructure and properties of composites based on the A356.0 aluminium alloy with the addition of 6 wt.% fly ash as reinforcement. The composite was produced using the compo casting method. The microstructure of the composite was analysed using an optical microscope, computer tomography, and scanning electron microscopy. Rosettes and spheroidal particles were observed in the microstructure of the cast sample, and there was a good distribution of fly ash within the matrix. Equal channel angular extrusion was performed in three passes at the same parameters. After each pass, the microstructure was refined, and fly ash was even better mixed into the matrix. Thus, the strength and hardness of the composite increased after each pass. A fully homogeneous material was achieved after the second pass.

Background: I am approaching this text from one of my articles that was recently published in this same journal, which was “processed” by one of the expert systems. This Artifficial Inteligence (AI) processed article by the system can be an argument that AI can be misused. By comparing the original and the AI copy, the readers can conclude that among those who are challenged by AI, the scientific content can be “converted” from the original into a plagiarized one, thus creating the possibility of endless plagiarism and theft of scientific content that was published in the past in various types of publications, and especially those in world-class journals in the world\'s scientific databases. Objective: The aim of this article was to explain current consequences regarding use AI in science editing of scientific literature. Methods: Author use published articles in most influential indexed databases with topics abot AI which were tolked about influence of AI in preparation articles for publishing in the books, monographs, master and doctor thesis and scientific journals.Results and Discussion: The future of artificial intelligence in education is bright, with the potential to transform the way higher education institutions teach and learn. AI can improve the accuracy and speed of tasks, reducing the risk of human error. Conclusion: The responsible development of AI involves addressing ethical concerns and ensuring accountability and trust. AI systems need to be designed with human oversight and control and it’s essential to address the ethical and practical challenges to ensure that AI benefits all stakeholders in the educational ecosystem, including scientific research and scientific editing..

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