Although there are plenty of commercial systems dedicated to measuring environmental parameters, because of need for specific parameters of interest (temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, ultraviolet light level, infrared light level and visible light level, micro-sized particles concentrations, magnetic flux density, and wind speed) we proposed a multi-sensors and low-cost platform designed for remote monitoring of environmental conditions on a bee yard. The proposed system has specific features such as portability, battery-power supply, and unit for transmitting data to the remote server. Initial testing showed ability of the system to process all data on time and to perform reliable acquisition.

The selectivity filter (SF) of bacterial voltage‐gated sodium channels consists of four glutamate residues arranged in a C4 symmetry. The protonation state population of this tetrad is unclear. To address this question, we simulate the pore domain of bacterial voltage‐gated sodium channel of Magnetococcus sp. (NavMs) through constant pH methodology in explicit solvent and free energy perturbation calculations. We find that at physiological pH the fully deprotonated as well as singly and doubly protonated states of the SF appear feasible, and that the calculated pKa decreases with each additional bound ion, suggesting that a decrease in the number of ions in the pore can lead to protonation of the SF. Previous molecular dynamics simulations have suggested that protonation can lead to a decrease in the conductance, but no pKa calculations were performed. We confirm a decreased ionic population of the pore with protonation, and also observe structural symmetry breaking triggered by protonation; the SF of the deprotonated channel is closest to the C4 symmetry observed in crystal structures of the open state, while the SF of protonated states display greater levels of asymmetry which could lead to transition to the inactivated state which possesses a C2 symmetry in the crystal structure. We speculate that the decrease in the number of ions near the mouth of the channel, due to either random fluctuations or ion depletion due to conduction, could be a self‐regulatory mechanism resulting in a nonconducting state that functionally resembles inactivated states.

The actual task of electrocardiographic examinations is to increase the reliability of diagnosing the condition of the heart. Within the framework of this task, an important direction is the solution of the inverse problem of electrocardiography, based on the processing of electrocardiographic signals of multichannel cardio leads at known electrode coordinates in these leads (Titomir et al. Noninvasiv electrocardiotopography, 2003), (Macfarlane et al. Comprehensive Electrocardiology, 2nd ed. (Chapter 9), 2011). In order to obtain more detailed information about the electrical activity of the heart, we carry out a reconstruction of the distribution of equivalent electrical sources on the heart surface. In this area, we hold reconstruction of the equivalent sources during the cardiac cycle at relatively low hardware cost. ECG maps of electrical potentials on the surface of the torso (TSPM) and electrical sources on the surface of the heart (HSSM) were studied for different times of the cardiac cycle. We carried out a visual and quantitative comparison of these maps in the presence of pathological regions of different localization. For this purpose we used the model of the heart electrical activity, based on cellular automata. The model of cellular automata allows us to consider the processes of heart excitation in the presence of pathological regions of various sizes and localization. It is shown, that changes in the distribution of electrical sources on the surface of the epicardium in the presence of pathological areas with disturbances in the conduction of heart excitation are much more noticeable than changes in ECG maps on the torso surface.

We present explicit formulas for the Laplacian Szeged eigenvalues of paths, grids, $C_4$-nanotubes and of Cartesian products of paths with some other simple graphs. A number of open problems is listed.

The framework FRADIR is designed to improve disaster resilience for mission-critical applications through reliable network design, regional failure modeling and protection routing. Two different failure models are jointly considered: independent random failures and regional failures, which are used to model the effects of disasters. In this paper we provide the first availability analysis of FRADIR. We examine the effect of the Spine and protection routing on end-to-end availability. In particular the 1+1 and four versions of General Dedicated Protection (GDP) are utilized to demonstrate the bandwidth allocation, blocking probability and availability trade-off. After the comprehensive availability analysis, to take control over this trade-off we introduce a novel routing method for FRADIR, called Availability Constraint FRADIR (AC-FRADIR) which not only minimizes the bandwidth cost and ensures protection against certain failure events (listed in the SRLG list), but also guarantees that after any of these failure events the remaining communication path still satisfies a certain availability level.

Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.

This paper presents a data visualization method in 3D space that includes actual positions, volumes and space relations of the chunks of data that are being visualized. Data that is being visualized is real-time information provided by the smart warehouse management system about packages distributed on pallet places within a warehouse. Three different visualizations are shown: qualitative, quantitative and cumulative. The method is graded for the time needed to determine the location of all pallet places that fulfill searched criteria and getting the exact value of searched information for each pallet place. Challenges in presenting this data and interacting with resulting visualizations are discussed. It is concluded that showing actual positions of chunks of data greatly increases the speed of acquiring searched values and positions at the same time for outliers but has issues with clusters and multiple types of queried data.

Despite the rapid improvements in the field of microgrid protection, it continues to be one of the most important challenges faced by the distribution system operators. With the introduction of this new operation concept, the existing protection devices are not able to successfully identify, classify and localize different types of faults that occur in the microgrids due to their dynamic behaviour, especially in the islanded mode of operation. This paper presents a methodology that provides the station protection functionalities that include detection and classification of faults, isolation of the faulty feeder and fault location estimation. The proposed method is based on discrete wavelet transform and artificial neural networks. The test system based on the real data, completely developed in MATLAB Simulink, is used to demonstrate the accuracy of all functionalities of the station protection algorithm that can be easily applied in microgrids. The presented results demonstrated the method accuracy and showed that it can be used as an upgrade of the existing protection equipment for the future implementation of the advanced microgrid station protection system.

Previous transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have identified breast cancer risk genes by integrating data from expression quantitative loci and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but analyses of breast cancer subtype-specific associations have been limited. In this study, we conducted a TWAS using gene expression data from GTEx and summary statistics from the hitherto largest GWAS meta-analysis conducted for breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor subtypes (ER+ and ER−). We further compared associations with ER+ and ER− subtypes, using a case-only TWAS approach. We also conducted multigene conditional analyses in regions with multiple TWAS associations. Two genes, STXBP4 and HIST2H2BA, were specifically associated with ER+ but not with ER− breast cancer. We further identified 30 TWAS-significant genes associated with overall breast cancer risk, including four that were not identified in previous studies. Conditional analyses identified single independent breast-cancer gene in three of six regions harboring multiple TWAS-significant genes. Our study provides new information on breast cancer genetics and biology, particularly about genomic differences between ER+ and ER− breast cancer.

This paper presents an empirical validation of a polarized channel model for off-body communications with dynamic users, based on wideband indoor measurements at 5.8 GHz with a 500 MHz bandwidth. The model is based on geometrical optics, and takes the signal depolarization and influence of user dynamics into account. By considering a scenario with the user walking towards an access point with co-located vertical and horizontal dipole antennas, the simulated receiver (Rx) power is compared against measurements for wearable antenna placements on the chest, wrist and lower leg. The obtained root mean square error is found to be within 2.8 dB for the vertical off-body antenna polarization, and within 3.2 dB for the horizontal one. Fairly matching Rx power values are obtained even when only free space propagation is considered in the simulator, with the error being below 3.4 dB in most cases.

This paper analyses the impact of the human body on antenna radiation characteristics, with a focus on the polarization aspect. The effect of the body tissues on a wrist-worn ultra-wideband double loop antenna radiation characteristics is investigated at 3, 4 and 5 GHz, based on numerical full-wave simulations complemented with a voxel model of a hand. Results show a strong influence of the body on the gain and polarization characteristics; the radiation in the direction towards the body is suppressed by 20 dB or more, and the antenna polarization changes from a linear to an elliptical one. By simulating an off-body communications scenario with the user walking at a fixed distance from the off-body antenna, up to 6.5 dB lower received power is obtained by using the wearable antenna radiation pattern simulated with the hand phantom, compared to the case when the antenna in free space.