Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant different consequences for everyday life of every human being, as well as on the functioning of health, educational and scientific institutions. Objective: The aim of this article is to provide information on impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientific research in the biomedical sciences, and publications, as wll as impact on education in medcine and clinical training. Methods: Papers published of influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the main aim were searched and analyzed. Results: Many basic research labs quickly tuned their priorities and continud to study different aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. Biomedical sciences have become an important area in the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, due to the unique challenges posed by the pandemic, including epidemiological aspects, immune mechanisms of the disease, clinical parameters of this essentially multisystem disease, virus properties, infection mechanisms, and later work on finding vaccines and everything that is needed. There are several studies that point to the negative impact of the pandemic on biomedical education, especially in the acquisition of practical clinical skills among medical students. The negative impact, both on basic education in medicine, and also on the acquisition of practical knowledge within various clinical disciplines, especially surgery, unfortunately continues. The COVID-19 pandemic has mobilised researchers worldwide on a scale and timeframe that have never been seen before for one specific disease. The number of COVID-19 manuscripts being submitted for peer review has also greatly increased. Unfortunately, research and publications on COVID-19 has so far often not been of high quality and many unprinted preprints have been rushed to spread without sufficient oversight. The time between submission and publication of articles on COVID-19 has decreased on average by around 50%. This analysis also showed that the time to publication for research not related to COVID-19 has remained unaffected, and that the number of research articles unrelated to COVID-19 has dropped considerably, with COVID-19 predominating in receipt of funding and attention from the research community. Conclusion: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education and scientific research in biomedical sciences are negative. Almost all aspects of medical education were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The negative impact, both on basic education in medicine, and also on the acquisition of practical knowledge within various clinical disciplines, especially surgery, unfortunately continues. There has been no disease in the history of medicine about which several professional and scientific articles have been written in a relatively short time. Research and publications on COVID-19 has often not been of high quality. Research articles from many medical field unrelated to COVID-19 were less published. A pandemic with a "paperdemic" will be even more complicated to manage if it progresses in an uncontrolled manner and is not properly scrutinized.

This study seeks to test the existence of the crowding-out (orin) hypothesis in a sample of 17 Emerging Europe countries divided in two panels. The study employs a panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model based on three estimators, Mean Group Estimator (MG), Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and Dynamic Fixed Effect (DFE), in order to evaluate the of stability of short run and long run coefficients using consistently compiled public borrowing and private investment data between 2000 and 2019. The empirical findings of the paper generally confirm the existence of a crowding out effect in both long run and short run in European post-transition countries, and in the long run for European transition countries. More specifically, elasticity of private investment with respect to public debt is greater in the European transition countries than in the European post-transition countries. However, the findings on the crowding out (in) effect of government spending and economic growth on private investment are mixed and conflicting in both the long run and the short run. Accordingly, the study recommends that selected countries should reassess their austerity agendas employed for lowering debt levels, and follow new strategies for managing public debt burden.

Filtering of unwanted frequencies represents the main aspect of digital signal processing (DSP) in any modern communication system. The main role of the filter is to perform attenuation of certain frequencies and pass only frequencies of interest. In a DSP system, sampled or discrete-time signals are processed by digital filters using different mathematical operations. Digital filters are commonly categorized as Finite Impulse Response (FIR) and Infinite Impulse Response (IIR). This research focuses on the full VHDL implementation of digital second-order lowpass IIR filter for reducing the noisy frequencies on the FPGA board. The initial step is to determine, from continuous time domain function, the transfer function in the complex {s} domain, then map transfer function in complex {z} domain and finally calculate the difference equation in discrete-time domain of the system with adequate coefficients. Prior to the FPGA implementation, the IIR filter is tested in MATLAB using a signal with mixed frequencies and signal with randomly generated noise. The digital implementation is completed by using fixed-point binary vectors and clocked processes.

Herein the idea of leveraging Raspberry Pi as a server for the integration of an incipient network management protocol, the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF), within IoT systems based on YANG is presented. The practical realization of this idea requires the implementation of the NETCONF protocol together with REpresentational State Transfer web services (RESTful). Such an interesting and innovative practical realization like this opens new additional possibilities in domotics systems and these possibilities will be discussed in this paper.

The aim of this research is to determine the differences between the aerobic functional abilities of football players from different positions in the team, which should serve as a starting point in planning and monitoring the training process of football players. VO2max, as a basic parameter of functional abilities, was obtained by applying a laboratory progressive test on the treadmill. The sample of respondents was composed of 57 respondents (GOD = 22.47 ± 3.78SD), football players of clubs competing in the first and second leagues of Serbia from the area of Vojvodina, of which 8 goalkeepers, 16 defensive, 17 midfielders and 16 attackers. To test the functional capabilities (oxygen consumption - VOmax), we used a test of progressive continuous load on the treadmill with increasing load per minute through a "breath-by-breath" gas analyzer (Quark PFT ErgoCPET, Cosmed, Italy), which gave data on ventilation and spiroergometric parameters of the subjects by different positions in the team. Anthropometric measures of body weight- (TM) and body height- (TV) were applied to test the morphological characteristics of the subjects. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for data processing. In order to determine the statistically significant differences of the measured variables between football players by positions, a one-factor anova of different groups, the level of statistical significance (p <0.05) was used. The obtained results of maximum oxygen consumption indicated that there is a statistically significant difference in aerobic abilities between goalkeepers and players in other positions, and they are certainly a consequence of the physiological requirements placed before them and the different training process. The highest mean value of VO2 max had midfielders (53.3 ± 1.9 ml / kg / min), followed by attackers (52.9 ± 4.4 ml / kg / min), defensive players (51.8 ± 3, 3 ml / kg / min) while the lowest values were recorded in the goalkeeper (50.5 ± 1.8 ml / kg / min). There is a logical conclusion that the need for running midfielders is the greatest, and the goalkeeper the least, and that the results are the result of training processes and different requirements for individual positions in the team.

The morphological characteristics of elite basketball players are of great interest to some authors in order to define the best morphological profile for a particular playing position and different levels of competition. The aim of the research was to determine the differences in morphological characteristics in professional basketball players in relation to the playing position in different league competitions and to determine the relevance of these characteristics for success in the game. The survey included a sample of 773 elite basketball players competing in five different leagues in Europe. In our study, we found that centers are significantly taller and heavier than guards and forwards are. In addition to other components of basketball (technique, tactics, coach strategy), body height, body mass and body mass index play a major role in overall performance in a basketball game in all positions. The obtained data can help coaches in the scouting process in which leagues in Europe are played by players with certain morphological characteristics in relation to the playing position.

Introduction. Successful endodontic treatment depends upon the clinician's knowledge and ability to recognize and diagnose the presence of anatomical and morphological variations of the root and canal system. The aim of this study was to establish the number of roots and root canal configurations of the maxillary second premolar in the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods. The study sample was comprised of 150 maxillary second premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic or prosthetic reasons. Endodontic drills were used for trepanation of cavum dentis, and the number and patency of each root canal were determined by Kexpander # 15. Then, the samples were decalcified, made transparent and colored, to enable 3D viewing of the canal system. Decalcified teeth were observed from two projections (clinical and approximal) and analyzed in detail with a magnifying glass under 3 × and 5 × magnification in order to determine the number of roots, number of canals, root canal configuration using Vertucci's classification and number of anastomoses between canals. Statistical significance was obtained using Chi-square test. Results. The results obtained by decalcification of the teeth showed that, by radiographic analysis from the clinical projection, all the teeth had a single root. While, by the analysis from the approximal projection, 94.0% had one, 6.0% two roots. From the approximal projection, 70.7% with a single root canal and 29.3% with two root canals are visualized. The most common type of root canal configuration in the maxillary second premolars was Type I in both clinical (87.9%) and approximal projection (40.7%). Conclusion. These results emphasize the importance of knowing the variations in root canal morphology, because excluding the possibility of morphological variations can lead to failure of endodontic therapy

In athletic sprint disciplines, the segments of start and start acceleration occupy an important place that significantly generates the final outcome of the race. The question is to what extent the start time of the reaction (latent time) has a contribution to achieving the results of sprint disciplines. The aim of the current research was to determine the influence and connection between the reaction time and the result performance of running in the disciplines of 100 m, 200 m, 400 m finalists of ten world championships. The results of a total of 456 finalists (231 men) and 225 (women) competitors who competed in the final races of the championships (from Edmonton, 2001 to Doha, 2019) were analyzed. The evaluation of the start reaction time and sprint results was based on reports officially published by the International Association of Athletics Federation (IAAF). Central and dispersion parameters were calculated for all variables. The relationship between reaction time and sprint results was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple regression analysis determined the direct influence of reaction time on the result success and calculated the relevant coefficients for the level of statistical significance p < 0.05. Based on the obtained results, a positive but low correlation was recorded between the mean values of the 100 m sprint results and the reaction time in men (r = 0.230p<0.044), which was also confirmed by regression analysis. In other correlations and values of regression coefficients, no significant numerical values of the influence of reaction time on the result success were recorded in both categories of finalists.