Background: To investigate the total survival of low birth weight infants (LBWIs) in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB and H) and selected by subgroups of birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA). Methods: This cross-sectional study included newborns of both genders, GA of 22–42 weeks and BW of less than 2500 g of 10 cantons territory of the FB and H. In the examined period, 22,897 children were born in the FB and H, of which 669 (2.9%) had BW less than 2500 g. Results: Surviving of LBWIs in the FB and H out of the 669 LBWIs in the first level perinatal healthcare institutions (PHI) was 29 (4.3%), the second level was 286 (42.8%), and the third level was 354 (52.9%). The total stillborn rate was 3.9%. The overall perinatal mortality rate for all levels of PHI was 8.6%. The overall rate of early neonatal mortality of LBWIs in all three levels of PHI in the FB and H was 12.7%. By the end of the first month of life (up to 28 days) and to the end of the neonatal period, 385 (57.5%) of LBWIs survived, and 284 (42.4%) died. The LBWIs by subgroups of BW up to 28 days had lower survival rates in second-level PHI than infants of the same BW subgroups (500–999 and 1000–1499) treated in third-level PHI (P = 0.0089 and P = 0.004). Conclusions: Our results show that B and H belongs to developing countries according to perinatal mortality. A unique database system is necessary to follow progress and trends.

Background. Sensitization to Salsola kali (Sk) weed pollen allergen is the most common cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) in Middle East countries. Aim. To identify Salsola kali skin prick test (SkSPT) wheal size cut-off, able to determine true allergy among adult patients with moderate to severe SAR, who are in need of Salsola kali allergen specific immunotherapy (SkAIT). Methods. In 151 adults with moderate to severe SAR, mean age 32.79 ± 10.79 years, of both gender (females: 43.05%), with a positive SkSPT, (i.e. cut off wheal longest diameter of 3 mm) and one or more other local weed pollens, Salsola kali nasal provocation test (SkNPT) was carried out. Response was assessed both subjectively, with scores, and objectively, by measuring peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF). Safety profile of SkNPT was assessed using peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) measurements. Results. SkNPT positive response was found in 125 patients (82.78%). Mean skin prick test (SPT) wheal size to Sk was bigger in the nasal provocatin test (NPT) positive group (9 mm) compared to the NPT negative patients (5 mm), p 7.5 mm enabled identification of SkNPT positivity with a sensitivity of 73.6% and specificity of 100.0% (area under the curve 0.9498, standard error 0.01808; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9144 to 0.9853; p 7.5 mm for Sk appears to distinguish individuals who develop disease from those who does not. Physicians should select the proper SPT wheal size value as an appropriate criterion according to the allergen than using a uniform cut off value in patients eligible for SkAIT.

Regardless of the context to which it is applied, sharing resources is well-recognized for its considerable benefits. Since 5G networks will be service-oriented, on-demand, and highly heterogeneous, it is utmost important to approach the design and optimization of the network from an end-to-end perspective. In addition, in order to ensure end-to-end performance, this approach has to entail both wireless and optical domains, altogether with the IoT, edge, and cloud paradigms which are an indispensable part of the 5G network architecture. Shifting from the exclusive ownership of network resources toward sharing enables all participants to cope with stringent service requirements in 5G networks, gaining significant performance improvements and cost savings at the same time. The main objective of this paper is to survey the literature on resource sharing, providing an in-depth and comprehensive perspective of sharing by recognizing the main trends, the techniques which enable sharing, and the challenges that need to be addressed. By providing a taxonomy which brings the relevant features of a comprehensive sharing model into focus, we aim to enable the creation of sharing models for more efficient future communication networks. We also summarize and discuss the relevant issues arising from network sharing, that should be properly tackled in the future.

Recently, Leung et al. [1] proposed that α7-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) antagonists might decrease angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 receptor expression in respiratory epithelium and, hence, prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) invasion of pulmonary epithelial cells. Let us further theoretically evaluate this assertion and contribute to the quest for potential medications that might reduce virulence and pathogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Smoking may be associated with progression and negative outcome of COVID-19 [1]. The receptor-binding domain of the S protein (spike) on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with the ACE2 receptor, which is an entry point of the virus into host respiratory cells [2]. Memantine, as an antagonist of α7-nAChR and NMDA receptors, may decrease ACE2 receptor expression and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, memantine may potentially reduce SARS-CoV-2 virulence. https://bit.ly/2AZHiVg

Abstract We apply deep kernel learning (DKL), which can be viewed as a combination of a Gaussian process (GP) and a deep neural network (DNN), to compression ignition engine emissions and compare its performance to a selection of other surrogate models on the same dataset. Surrogate models are a class of computationally cheaper alternatives to physics-based models. High-dimensional model representation (HDMR) is also briefly discussed and acts as a benchmark model for comparison. We apply the considered methods to a dataset, which was obtained from a compression ignition engine and includes as outputs soot and NOx emissions as functions of 14 engine operating condition variables. We combine a quasi-random global search with a conventional grid-optimization method in order to identify suitable values for several DKL hyperparameters, which include network architecture, kernel, and learning parameters. The performance of DKL, HDMR, plain GPs, and plain DNNs is compared in terms of the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the predictions as well as computational expense of training and evaluation. It is shown that DKL performs best in terms of RMSE in the predictions whilst maintaining the computational cost at a reasonable level, and DKL predictions are in good agreement with the experimental emissions data.

OBJECTIVES The Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism) capture individual differences in aversive personality to complement work on other taxonomies, such as the Big Five traits. However, the literature on the Dark Triad traits relies mostly on samples from English-speaking (i.e., Westernized) countries. We broadened the scope of this literature by sampling from a wider array of countries. METHOD We drew on data from 49 countries (N = 11,723; 65.8% female; AgeMean = 21.53) to examine how an extensive net of country-level variables in economic status (e.g., Human Development Index), social relations (e.g., gender equality), political orientations (e.g., democracy), and cultural values (e.g., embeddedness) relate to country-level rates of the Dark Triad traits, as well as variance in the magnitude of sex differences in them. RESULTS Narcissism was especially sensitive to country-level variables. Countries with more embedded and hierarchical cultural systems were more narcissistic. Also, sex differences in narcissism were larger in more developed societies: Women were less likely to be narcissistic in developed (vs. less developed) countries. CONCLUSIONS We discuss the results based on evolutionary and social role models of personality and sex differences. That higher country-level narcissism was more common in less developed countries, whereas sex differences in narcissism were larger in more developed countries, is more consistent with evolutionary than social role models.

Geometry is a very interesting, applicable and beautiful part of mathematics. However, geometry is often difficult for students to understand and demanding for teachers to teach [1]. Constructing proofs in geometric problems turns out to be particularly difficult, even for high attaining students [2]. Sometimes, students do not even know where to start when trying to solve these [3].

Arylmethylenebis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one) derivatives (aryl=2-hydroxynaphthyl ( 1 ) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ( 2 ) have been synthesized and their structures have been elucidated. Both compounds were examined for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. Antioxidative activities of synthesized compounds were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. The microbial screening was performed by diffusion method on bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans . Cytotoxic activity was tested on liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep G2) by Neutral red assay. Compared to compound 2 , compound 1 showed better antimicrobial and antifungal activity, while compound 2 showed better antioxidant activity with IC 50 of 0.0156 mM and FRAP value 50469.44 µmol/l Fe 2+ . Both compounds showed cytotoxic activity. Obtained results implicate the importance of arylmethylenebis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-on) derivatives as a potential antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents.

Cloud point extraction (CPE) is an attractive technique that reduces solvent con- sumption and exposure, disposal costs, and process time. This method has an im- portant practical application and is used to separate and concentrate the analyte as a step before its determination, and after the formation of a poorly water-soluble complex. Use of nonionic surfactants as ”green solvents” which represent an effec- tive alternative to toxic organic solvents (in classical extraction), along with other advantages, such as low cost and low flammability, makes this method attractive and worth further research and optimization. This paper presents a detailed de- scription of the principles, procedure, advantages, disadvantages and application of CPE.

A simulation of a single-stage evaporator system integrated with a mechanical com- pressor for a case study (concentrating the electrolytic system KNO3 – H2O) was performed. A mathematical model of the subsystem of a single-stage evaporator, a mechanical compressor, and superheated steam seeding is presented. Microsoft Excel with VBA (Visual Basic for Application) was used to solve the mathematical model. The model was solved by an iterative method where the values of the in- let stream temperature and the salt concentration in the concentrated stream at the evaporator outlet were assumed. The process parameters of the system have been determined. Since the goal of any industrial process is to minimize costs and maximize products, the impact of mean temperature difference changes on satu- ration water consumption and molar salt content in the concentrated stream was presented. 106.92 kg/h of freshwater are required to obtain 18% by weight of salt in a concentrated stream, while 432.30 kg/h of fresh water are required to obtain 25% by weight of salt in a concentrated stream. Consumption of heating steam ranged from 1760.31 to 4473.4 kg/h depending on the average temperature dif- ference. By increasing the temperature differences from 10 to 25 ◦C, the amount of transferred upper lines increases from 1025 to 2750 kW, which is an advantage of increasing the mean temperature difference. The disadvantage of the larger tem- perature difference is the increase in the power of the mechanical compressor from 97.02 to 384.12 kW.