Introduction/Objective Cat bites can seriously harm human health, especially if the bite comes from a stray or feral cat who is not under veterinary supervision. Cat bites are the second most common mammal bites, second only to dog bites, and responsible for ¾ of all bites that result in infection. We are presenting the case of a young woman whose hand had been bitten by a stray or feral cat. The objective of this case study is to stress the importance of timely medical treatment and wound management based on guidelines for treating bites inflicted by stray or feral cats, aiming to prevent possible complications. Case report A 32-year-old woman was admitted and examined in the University of Sarajevo Clinical Centre Emergency Department on the third day after being bitten by a stray or feral cat, by which time all signs of inflammation had already developed at the site of the injury-her right hand. Medical help was provided based on guidelines that included specific wound dressings recommended for animal bites, a prescription of antibiotics, analgesics and an anti-tetanus shot. The patient fully recovered with no complications. Conclusion The specific anatomy of the cat's canines enables them to penetrate deeply into the bitten tissue, which can cause an innoculation of a wide range of microorganisms from the cat's mouth into the patient's bloodstream. This can cause serious inflammatory processes, especially in immunocompromised patients. Adequate medical treatment of injuries resulting from cat bites is necessary as soon as possible, but no later than 48 hours after the incident.

The Lece mine is characterized by the fact that it has gold and silver besides the main valuable components in the flotation concentrates of lead and zinc. Practically since the opening of the mine and flotation, research has been carried out with the aim of obtaining better technological indicators on all four valuable metals (lead, zinc, gold and silver), especially on gold. This paper represents a contribution to that research in order to increase the recovery of gold in flotation concentrates. Gold occurs in ore in several ways (native, with lead and zinc, with pyrite and quartz), which requires a complex technological scheme of gold valorization. Most of the gold is bound to galena and is valorized through lead concentrate. A smaller part of the gold is bound to zinc and is valorized through zinc concentrate. However, about 25% of the gold remains in tailings. Researchers ie. the authors of this paper tried to valorize part of the gold that is lost in the tailings by introducing a third pyrite concentrate with an increased gold content. The paper presents the results of laboratory experiments on the possibility of obtaining pyrite concentrate from the Lece tailings and a proposal for a technological scheme of the process.

Under contemporary business conditions, there are numerous models used for the assessment of a company's financial situation and the prediction of the likelihood of its bankruptcy. These models have been mainly developed using the company's financial information. One of them is the Altman Z-score model. The model separates financially successful and stable companies from those having difficulties in business and headed for bankruptcy. This paper explains the importance of prudential information, basic financial statements and financial indicators and presents the research aimed at evaluating the applicability of the revised Altman Z'-score model in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH). Based on financial information, the paper analyzes the business activities of 50 large manufacturing companies in FBiH. The revised Z'-score model achieved a relatively good result in assessing the companies with business difficulties as it correctly classified 10 out of 20 companies; the other 10 companies were not incorrectly classified into the companies with the stable business but they were placed in the grey zone. The model proved completely reliable in the classification of all 30 companies with stable businesses. The research results indicate that the revised Altman Z'-score may be used as the predictor of the financial failure of manufacturing companies in FBiH. This model is definitely the tool that may assist while making business decisions. However, due to the specific business environment in FBiH, the model is recommended to be used as an additional rather than the basic indicator for predicting financial failure.

Background: Pretreatment differentiation between glioblastoma and metastasis is a frequently encountered dilemma in neurosurgical practice. Distinction is required for precise planning of resection or radiotherapy, and also for defining further diagnostic procedures. Morphology and spectroscopy imaging features are not specific and frequently overlap. This limitation of magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy was the reason to initiate this study. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the dataset of diffusion tensor imaging metrics contains information which may be used for the distinction between primary and secondary intra-axial neoplasms. Methods: Two diffusion tensor imaging parameters were measured in 81 patients with an expansive, ring-enhancing, intra-axial lesion on standard magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T system). All tumors were histologically verified glioblastoma or secondary deposit. For qualitative analysis, two regions of interest were defined: intratumoral and immediate peritumoral region (locations 1 and 2, respectively). Fractional anisotropy and mean difusivity values of both groups were compared. Additional test was performed to determine if there was a significant difference in mean values between two locations. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in fractional anisotropy values among two locations, with decreasing values in the direction of neoplastic infiltration, although such difference was not observed in fractional anisotropy values in the group with secondary tumors. Mean difusivity values did not appear helpful in differentiation between these two entities. In both groups there was no significant difference in mean difusivity values, neither in intratumoral nor in peritumoral location. Conclusion: The results of our study justify associating the diffusion tensor imaging technique to conventional morphologic magnetic resonance imaging as an additional diagnostic tool for the distinction between primary and secondary intra-axial lesions. Quantitative analysis of diffusion tensor imaging metric, in particular measurement of fractional anisotropy in peritumoral edema facilitates accurate diagnosis.

Background: Identifying risk factors for the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the first step in developing a prevention strategy. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the presence of risk factors and assess the overall risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Methods:.This cross sectional and experimental study involved 203 respondents of both sexes from the working population group aged 40 to 65 years. Results: Hypertension was diagnosed in 154 (75,9%) respondents, hyperglycemia in 177 (87,19%) respondents, dyslipidemia in 182 (89,66%) respondents and Diabetes mellitus type 2 was diagnosed in 53 (26,1%) respondents. Excess body mass was observed in 84 (41,4%) respondents, while obesity was noted in 91 (44,8%) respondents, and smoking habit in 117 (57,6%) respondents. Analyzing the above data using Q3 risk assessment for cardiovascular disease occurrence, it was found that the overall Q3 risk was significantly higher in male respondents, 21,8 (12.4-30.6), while female respondents had a median value of 14,7 (14-22,5), with an apparent statistically significant difference of p=0,001. Conclusion: To establish a strategic prevention program to eliminate the existing risk factors can only be achieved through multidisciplinary planning and the involvement of a multidisciplinary team of experts that will help improve the lifestyle of the individual and the entire community. From this work, we can see that the Q3 risk tool is well suited for risk assessment because it incorporates multidisciplinary parameters, whereas lipid indices can only be useful in cardiovascular disease risk assessment by comparing all indices.

Introduction. A specific characteristic of the elderly is brittleness or fragility, and due to its prevalence, fragility needs to be understood as a public health priority. The aim of the study was to examine the association of functional and anthropometric parameters with fragility in persons over 65 years of age. Method. The study was designed as a cross-sectional study and included 446 elderly people. As research instruments, a general questionnaire was used to assess the functional status of the Tinetti test and, of anthropometric parameters, the circumference of the upper arm and the circumference of the middle part of the lower leg. We used the ch2 test and Pearson's correlation analysis as statistical tests. Results. Females had poorer functional status, walking, and balance compared to males (ch2 = 4.125; p <0.127). It was observed males subjects had higher values of upper arm circumference (26.96 ± 3.44) compared to females, while females had higher values of the middle circumference of the lower leg (32.66 ± 6.29). Analyzing the correlation of anthropometric measurements with the total score of the Tinetti test and in relation to subjects' gender, it was noticed there is a correlation analysis between the parameters. Conclusion. A high percentage of people over the age of 65 have poor functional status, as well as lower values of anthropometric markers, suggesting that they may be potential risk factors for the fragility in the elderly.

Introduction/Aim: The problems facing the health sector in the Balkans, but also in most European Union countries (especially highly developed countries) is the lack of university-educated nurses in the labor market. The aim of the paper was to examine the attitudes of health professionals about the importance and possibilities of academic education of nurses. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 health workers in the period from July 10, 2019 to August 31, 2019 in the Public Health Institution (PHI) Health Center Zvornik, PHI Health Center Foca, PHI General Hospital Zvornik, PHI University Hospital Foca. All respondents filled out a questionnaire, which was previously culturally adapted. ch2 was used in the statistical analysis of the data. Results: The majority of health workers (73.8%) were women. There were slightly more women under the age of 50, and men over the age of 50. There were 41.3% of doctors/specialists, 42.2% of nurses with secondary education, and 16.4% of nurses with post-secondary and higher education. The largest percentage of health workers (91.4%) state that they are familiar with the possibilities of nursing education, while 69.5% are of the opinion that thorough secondary education and specialization is enough for nurses. About half of health workers (50.2%), regardless of the level of education, states that there is no need for the education of nurses at the level of doctoral studies, and ¼ abstained on this issue. Doctors of medicine and specialist doctors and nurses with secondary education were statistically significantly more likely (ch2 = 10,151; p = 0.038) to consider that there is no need for education of nurses at the level of doctoral studies than nurses with post-secondary and higher education. The largest percentage of health workers (66.6%) have the opinion that the nurse has the same authority as other team members, 86.3% agree with the statement that the development of the nursing profession will affect the quality of health care, and 55.8% believe that nurses have the professional capacity, knowledge and experience to innovate solutions and manage the inevitable changes on the pathway to modern nursing. Conclusion: In order to raise the reputation of the nursing profession, it is necessary to define the scope of work and set clear boundaries between the competencies of nurses of different levels of education at the level of the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In order to further develop the nursing profession, better promotion of new postgraduate programs is necessary.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health problem. It is a complex illness which affects on the medical, psychological and social aspects of life. The aims of this research were to determine the subjective sense quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus, to determine whether or not there are differences in the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus compared to sex, age and place of residence, as well as to determine factors the quality of life of patients with DM. Material and methods: The study was conducted as a crosssectional study of the population of persons with (DM). The sample consisted of 100 respondents, who in the observed period were treated at the Department of Internal Medicine of the University Hospital in Foča. A combined questionnaire consisting of 40 questions was used. The questions in the questionnaire were related to socio-demographic characteristics, hobbies, support of family and friends of patients, eating habits, as well as the presence of comorbidities. The HolmesRahe Stress Scale and the Subjective Assessment of Well-Being Scale (SVB Life Satisfaction Scale) were also included in the questionnaire. Results: Among the respondents there were 48 (48%) men and 52 (52%) women. Respondents rated their satisfaction with the quality of life, with an average score of 6.68 ± 1.72. Younger respondents have significantly better quality of life (7.09 ± 1.91) compared to the older group of subjects 6.35 ± 1.50. Also, respondents who living in the city are significantly satisfied with their quality of life (6.95 ± 1.80) compared to respondents who lives in the countryside (6.14 ± 1.45). Respondents with secondary education (30%) are significantly satisfied with their quality of life compared to respondents without primary school (13%), with elementary school (3%) or with higher education (12%). Conclusion: People with diabetes their own quality of life estimates with satisfactory grades.

Emotional intelligence and health care are closely linked. Empathy is regarded as one of key dimensions of emotional intelligence. The nursing profession has numerous general, but also generic, competencies which requires not only technical knowledge, but also psychological support in everyday work. The aim of this review paper is to point out the importance of assessing the emotional intelligence of nurses on the basis of recent data from the literature. There are many challenges and various sufferings that many health workers are exposed to, especially nurses, which clearly indicates the necessary fact, ie. requires a high degree of emotional skills and competence, because the more complex the job, the more important emotional intelligence. High self-awareness, self-control, the ability to cope with feelings are just some of the competencies that nurses/ technicians should possess. All these characteristics are important factors of emotional intelligence and a basic prerequisite for providing empathy. There are numerous tests and instruments used to assess emotional intelligence.

Sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity are some of the leading risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and total mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dosed physical exercise on the nutritional status of recreational athletes. In this study, we included 50 respondents of both sexes between the ages of 18 and 55, who engage in recreational physical exercise, were included in the study. All subjects had their body mass and height measured before the start of exercise and after three months, based on which the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat percentage were determined. The exercise was carried out according to the plan 3 times a week for 75 minutes and combined anaerobic training (45 minutes) and aerobic training (30 minutes). The average body weight of all subjects at the beginning of the study was 81.74 kg, while at the end it was 80.16 kg. The average body weight of men at the end of the study was 1.95 kg less than the initial value, while it was 0.71 kg less for women. There is a statistically significant difference in BMI, waist circumference and fat percentage in the total number of respondents at the beginning and at the end of the study. Regular physical activity and exercise have a positive effect on BMI, waist circumference and body fat percentage, showing the importance of exercise in the prevention of obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases.

Background/Aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) belongs to the gastrointestinal disorders characterised by abdominal discomfort and pain, altered constipation, diarrhoea and stomach distension. The aim was to assess relationship between the selected genetic polymorphisms with IBS, their combined genotype effect as well as to assess a difference in the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of selected loci between case and control group. Methods: This was a prospective study which included 29 participants, 20 individuals diagnosed with IBS based on Rome III criteria and 9 healthy individuals. The study analysed the selected genetic polymorphisms as possible risk factors for IBS according to the model of the case-control study. Genotyping was performed for FKBP5, DRD2 and DAT polymorphisms qualified as risk factors for IBS in previous researches. Results: The results revealed a significant association between DAT polymorphism with IBS, both, at the allelic level (p = 0.006) and genotype level (p = 0.031). Individuals with 434 allelic variant in the genotype have six time higher probability for developing IBS, in comparison to the individuals without this allelic variant. The statistical association between other analysed polymorphism and IBS was not reached. The analysis of combined effects of selected polymorphisms revealed no association with IBS, except FKBP5 and DAT which result was at the level of statistical significance (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Further analysis which would include DAT polymorphism with larger sample size, as well as other genes involved in dopamine neurotransmitter system would be of great interest to define closer conclusion of IBS aetiology.

Cancer-related cognitive dysfunction is an important clinical problem that can interfere with the daily functioning, work productivity, childcare, and other responsibilities of women with a history of breast cancer. Risks of cancer-related cognitive impairment include cancer and cancer treatment, as well as patient-related vulnerabilities. There is no established standard of neuroprotective care or treatment for breast cancer-related cognitive impairment.

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of humic acid on the growth seedling of two tomato cultivars CeylandoF1 and RallyF1, under greenhouse conditions. Treatment with „Humistar“ was started in the two-leaf stage of the plant. One level of humic acid of 20 ml l-1 was applied to the seedling growing media and each seedling of the species was treated every ten days until transplanting directly into the soil in greenhouse.The higest growth rate: leaf (weight), stem (diameter and weight) and root (weight and lenght) growth were optained in cultivar RallyF1 as compared to the control and leaf, stem and root weight compared to Ceylando F1 cultivar.General, the results showed that humic acid influenced better root development in both examined tomato cultivars.