Three different concepts of Muslim identity were formed in interwar Yugoslavia. The integration model (Bjelevac) views Muslims as “non-national” and therefore suitable for fitting into a supranational Yugoslavism based on a class or ideological platform. The synthetic model (Mitrinović) bases Yugoslav identity on the cultural-religious synthesis of Orthodoxy, Catholicism and Islam. The national model (Salihagić), on the other hand, insists on the affirmation of Bosniak identity (Bosniak) as a separate national category, emphasizing that the primary goal is the preservation of existential survival within the framework of the Yugoslav community. The process of defining the identity of Muslims in the interwar period took place through different stages and conceptual definitions - from Yugoslavianism, through Serbs and Croats, to Bosniaks - where the term “Muslim” was most often subordinated to superior categories. Different historical and political contexts conditioned constant changes in its interpretation, so Muslims could simultaneously be covered by a regional, national or state-political identity. In literary-historical discourse, this was manifested through a multitude of definitions that, in addition to confirming the instability of the concept, also emphasized its complexity in the state-political framework of the interwar period. In interwar periodicals, the term Muslim literature functioned as an indicator whose meaning depended on the ideological and critical viewpoint of the author, and it was understood to have different, often contradictory meanings. This was followed up in the second half of the 20th century by the discussions of Muhsin Rizvić and Staniša Tutnjević: while Rizvić insisted on the continuity and specificity of Muslim literature in the interwar period, Tutnjević disputed these theses, believing that it was an ideological projection and retroactive reading. The discussions from the 1980s and 1990s showed how unstable and burdened with ideological interpretations the concept remained, although in more recent scholarship the term Bosniak literature has emerged as a relatively stable designation.

As part of the research, 100 samples of different types of honey from Bosnia and Herzegovina were collected and analyzed. Melisopalynological preparations were prepared in accordance with the Rulebook on methods for the control of honey and other bee products of Bosnia and Herzegovina and in accordance with ICBB propositions. Plant species identification was performed based on micromorphological elements of pollen grains, and qualitative-quantitative analysis of honey samples was conducted. Melisopalynological analysis identified 47 distinct pollen types among a total of 30,000 pollen grains counted. In botanical terms, pollen from 24 plant families was recognized, among which the Fabaceae family had the greatest melissopalynological significance, whose pollen grains were found in as many as 86% of the analyzed profiles. Pollen grains of the Fabaceae family were identified as dominant in 22%, as accessory in 40%, as important in 21% and as minor in 3% of the palynological profiles. Based on micromorphological characters in melissopalynological spectra, species/genera from the Fabaceae family were identified: Robinia pseudoacacia L., Lotus corniculatus L., Trifolium pratense L., Trifolium repens L., Amorpha fruticosa L., Lathyrus sp., Medicago sativa L. and Onobrychis sp.

The study examined the sources of volume loss in spruce and fir roundwood resulting from the prescribed Huber’s formula, the prescribed method of diameter measurement, the prescribed method of length measurement, and the deduction of double bark thickness. The Riecke’s formula was assumed to provide the most accurate determination of log volume and was therefore used to calculate the gross volume of roundwood, serving as the reference value for quantifying the observed losses. For all analyzed sources of volume loss except when applying Huber’s formula, a dependence on diameter class was observed, with losses decreasing as diameter increased. The highest percentage of volume loss for both spruce and fir logs was found when deducting double bark thickness (ranging from 9.1% to 6.4% for spruce and from 10.7% to 7.7% for fir), followed by the prescribed method of diameter measurement (from 7.3% to 1.7%). Additional losses were associated with the prescribed volume calculation formula (from 5.3% to 1.5% for spruce and from 3.7% to 1.1% for fir) and the prescribed method of length measurement (from 3.1% to 2.1%).

Mountain lakes are sensitive ecosystems that serve as natural indicators of ecological change and conservation needs. This study presents the first ecological assessment of Lake Šator (Bosansko Grahovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina), a glacial lake situated at 1,488 m a.s.l. Field research in July and November 2021 included measurements of physicochemical parameters, water sampling, and analysis of littoral and sublittoral macrozoobenthos. The lake showed oligotrophic conditions with high oxygen saturation (101–134%), low organic load, and stable conductivity (208 µS/cm). Nitrate concentrations increased in November, reflecting seasonal dynamics. The macrozoobenthic community comprised 10 taxa in July (26 individuals) and 11 taxa in November (19 individuals). Characteristic taxa included Sympetrum flaveolum, Asellus aquaticus, Erpobdella octoculata, Limnephilus rhombicus,  Limnephilus flavicornis, Tubificidae, and water mites (Hydracarina). Functional Feeding Groups analysis revealed dominance of predators (42–46%), followed by collectors, shredders, and scrapers, indicating a balanced trophic structure. Saprobic Index values (2.24 in July; 2.14 in November) correspond to β-mesosaprobic conditions, while Shannon–Weaver Index indicated stable but seasonally variable diversity. These findings confirm the good ecological status of Lake Šator with preserved littoral dynamics. Given its sensitivity and limited prior research, the lake should be considered a priority for long-term monitoring and conservation in the Dinaric karst.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the leading causes of disability worldwide, often resulting in pain, loss of function, and reduced quality of life. Kinesio Taping (KT) has been proposed as a supportive, noninvasive technique to enhance rehabilitation outcomes by improving neuromuscular activation, proprioception, and circulation. This research aims to evaluate the effect of KT on upper-limb functional improvement in patients with MSDs undergoing standard physiotherapy. Methods: This prospective interventional study included 57 participants divided into a control group receiving conventional physiotherapy and an experimental group receiving additional KT. Functional status was assessed using the Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) at 3 time points: before therapy, mid-treatment, and after therapy. Statistical analyses included the Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple linear regression. Results: At baseline, the KT group had significantly lower functional scores (median 24.0, Interquartile Range [IQR] 19.0–27.0) than controls (median 35.0, IQR 25.0–47.0; p = 0.02). During treatment, both groups improved, but the KT group demonstrated faster functional recovery (p = 0.033). At completion, both groups achieved similar UEFI scores; however, the total functional gain was nearly twice as high in the KT group (21.5 vs. 12.5 points). Relative improvement reached 90% in the KT group compared with 36% in controls. Regression analysis confirmed that KT application was a significant predictor of upper-limb functional improvement (β = 0.552, p = 0.002). Conclusion: KT significantly accelerates upper-limb functional recovery and enhances rehabilitation outcomes when used as an adjunct to physiotherapy. Its simplicity, safety, and cost-effectiveness make it a valuable addition to standard musculoskeletal rehabilitation.

<p>U ovom radu bit će predstavljeno istraživanje o pravnim nazivima u savremenim rječnicima bosanskog jezika: u Rječniku bosanskog jezika (Čedić i dr. 2007), Rječniku bosanskoga jezika (Halilović &ndash; Palić &ndash; &Scaron;ehović 2010) i Rječniku bosanskog jezika (Jahić 2010&ndash;2024). Normativni status pojedinih takvih riječi, njihovo značenje i sinonimi na&scaron;li su se u sredi&scaron;tu pažnje, te je takvu obradu dobilo stotinjak riječi koje se upotrebljavaju u pravnim tekstovima. Posebna pažnja posvetila se pitanjima vezanim za utvrđivanje pravnih pojmova i naziva u rječnicima, normiranosti određenih likova i tvorbi mocijskih parova, a sve s ciljem da se ukaže na put ka normiranju pravnog nazivlja na bosanskom jeziku.</p>

This research explores the opportunities and challenges of implementing the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model in public enterprises in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), with particular attention to adapting the model to public sector characteristics. The study examines the impact of organisational, human, and economic factors on BSC implementation. Based on a quantitative analysis of 138 responses from employees in finance, accounting, and strategic management, seven hypotheses were tested regarding the determinants of BSC implementation. The findings reveal that the size of the enterprise, capabilities of accountants, costs of using the BSC, and its linkage to operational performance significantly and positively influence adoption. Larger enterprises with stronger capacities and qualified personnel are more likely to implement advanced performance management models. Conversely, organisational culture, management awareness, and perceived benefits showed no significant effect, partly due to the homogeneity of responses. These findings enhance the understanding of the prerequisites for BSC adoption in the public sector, highlighting the importance of structural capacities, human resources, and financial justification.

<p>This paper investigates the relationship between organizational structure, process formalization, and innovative behavior in small and medium-sized enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Drawing on the theoretical foundations of institutional economics and organizational innovation, this research tests four hypotheses using logistic regression, multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation analysis. The study employed a quantitative approach using data collected during 2023 from a sample of 304 SMEs operating in the manufacturing, trade, services, and ICT sectors in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analysis applied logistic regression, multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation to test four hypotheses. The results show that formalized career paths do not have a significant impact on innovativeness, while mentoring and training show a partial, but statistically significant effect. Also, a positive correlation was confirmed between the intensity of communication with customers and the level of organizational innovation, indicating the importance of external feedback serving to shape internal changes. Process formalization showed a partial impact on the overall level of innovation. The results obtained contribute to a better understanding of the factors shaping the innovation capacity of SMEs in transition economies and emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach that combines human capital development, flexible organizational structures, and active involvement of the external environment.</p>

The paper investigates the functional role of inbound tour operators in the urban and rural tourism development of Sarajevo Canton by analyzing relevant parameters such as their business dynamics and collaboration with stakeholders, products, the typology of tourists and stays, and the promotion and sustainability of the offerings. A survey and interviews were conducted with five inbound tour operators situated in the most prominent zone (Old Town with Baščaršija). The findings indicated a strong impact of the inbound tour operators on tourism spatial development, as they are pivotal in fostering stakeholders' collaboration and in marketing and selling local authentic products to international tourists. Their endeavors contribute to creating unforgettable tourist experiences in Sarajevo, particularly concerning city and dark tours, ecotourism, and crafts. Tourist products are disseminated through WOM, international fairs, and online platforms, targeting markets in the EU, the USA, and Canada. This approach enhances international cooperation and promotes the destination's tourism. Inbound tour operators exhibit a positive business trend, although there are notable disparities in the level of collaboration with stakeholders and the focus of policies. Certain areas of action have been overlooked, such as strategies to position Sarajevo as a primary choice and final destination, identifying new potential markets, and adopting a more analytical approach to tourist typologies for more tailored tourism offerings. The paper highlights the current features and challenges of the destination's tourism development, providing practical solutions for inbound tour operators and recommendations for redesign.

This study investigates the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for geodetic surveys aimed at updating cadastral registers, which now function as geospatial databases. UAVs, using the aerial photogrammetric method, offer a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional airplane-mounted cameras. The research presents a comprehensive, step-by-step procedure for creating cadastral maps using UAV-acquired data, covering scope definition, preparatory work, flight planning, data processing, and final map production. The study includes an analysis of the resulting cadastral map and compares it with existing official maps to assess accuracy in determining parcel boundaries. The findings demonstrate that UAV-based surveys not only streamline the mapping process but also provide high levels of accuracy and reliability. This approach showcases the potential of UAV technology in modernizing cadaster systems, offering valuable insights into improving the precision and efficiency of geospatial data collection for land management and planning.

U radu se propituju toponimi Grada Visokog. Prvo je dat kratak pregled historije i stanovništva u Visokom, s naglaskom na važnost srednjovjekovnog perioda, kada je Visoko bilo i mjesto stolovanja bosanskih kraljeva. Potom su prikazane najvažnije osobine visočkog govora te dosadašnja istraživanja, nakon čega se pristupilo samoj analizi. Korištena je kvalitativna metoda, tj. analiza manjeg uzorka, na osnovu kojeg se mogu pretpostaviti širi zaključci koje treba provjeriti daljim istraživanjima. Svi mikrotoponimi Visokog podijeljeni su prema motivaciji nastanka na one uvjetovane prirodnim okruženjem, ljudskom djelatnošću i antroponimima, unutar čega su izvedene preciznije potkategorije, zatim prema tvorbenim modelima, a na kraju je dat osvrt na dijalekatske osobine. Ovim se istraživanjem pokušalo otkriti ikavske toponime, koji bi mogli svjedočiti o tome da je Visoko nekada bilo ikavsko, kako se navodi u literaturi. Nakon provedenog istraživanja, nisu pronađeni ostaci ikavštine u toponimiji Visokog, tako da se pretpostavlja da Visoko vjerovatno ipak nije bilo ikavsko. Priložen je spisak mikrotoponima i karta.

<p><span dir="auto" style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span dir="auto" style="vertical-align: inherit;">Tehnolo&scaron;ki napredak i povećana upotreba interneta duboko su prodrli u sve sfere ljudskog života, &scaron;to je dovelo do značajnih promjena u svakodnevnim obrascima pona&scaron;anja, posebno među Generacijom Z. Ova generacija, okružena tehnologijom od malih nogu, razvila je obrasce kori&scaron;tenja pametnih telefona koji često dovode do pretjeranog oslanjanja na takve uređaje za svakodnevno funkcioniranje i regulaciju raspoloženja, &scaron;to može rezultirati kompulzivnim pona&scaron;anjem pri kupovini. Pandemija COVID-19 dodatno je intenzivirala oslanjanje na tehnologiju, ističući kori&scaron;tenje pametnih telefona kao sredstvo za bijeg od stvarnosti. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti vezu između ovisnosti o pametnim telefonima i kompulzivne online kupovine direktno i kroz koncept regulacije raspoloženja. Empirijska studija kori&scaron;tenjem metode anketiranja provedena je u Bosni i Hercegovini početkom 2025. godine, na uzorku od 178 pripadnika Generacije Z. Pretpostavljeni odnosi između varijabli analizirani su kori&scaron;tenjem korelacijske i regresijske analize. Rezultati su pokazali pozitivnu korelaciju između svih istraživanih varijabli i da ovisnost o pametnim telefonima ima direktan utjecaj na kompulzivnu online kupovinu, kao i indirektan utjecaj kroz regulaciju raspoloženja putem pametnih telefona (djelimična medijacija). Veća ovisnost o pametnim telefonima može indirektno intenzivirati kompulzivnu online kupovinu kroz regulaciju raspoloženja pomoću pametnih telefona; Međutim, postoji i direktan uticaj ovisnosti o pametnim telefonima na kompulzivnu online kupovinu koji nije u potpunosti obja&scaron;njen posredničkom varijablom. Dobijeni rezultati obogaćuju postojeće znanje o razmatranim varijablama i predstavljaju dodatnu smjernicu za razvoj novih marketin&scaron;kih strategija, kako općenito, tako i posebno u kontekstu Generacije Z.</span></span></p>

Trithemis annulata (Palisot de Beauvois, 1807) is a widespread Afrotropical species that substantially expanded its range in Mediterranean Europe in the second part of 20th century and very recently in the West Balkan region. A field study was carried out from June to September 2024 in the southern parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Neretva River delta in Croatia in order to investigate the species’ presence in this area. During the survey, T. annulata was found at 14 locations, seven in each country. The observations from Bosnia and Herzegovina represent the first record of this species for the country. It was found in a wide variety of habitats, both lentic and lotic, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, larger ponds and canals. Considering that, at several of these locations, the species was not found during surveys in 2022 and 2023, it most likely spread to this area recently. Additionally, two observations of T. annulata from North Macedonia that were found in the online databases Observation and iNaturalist represent the first documented reports for this country. These findings constitute a substantial increase in species range and abundance in the region. The species’ distribution andspread in the Balkan Peninsula is also outlined and discussed.