The aim of this research was to systematize the available literature on the types and frequency of locomotor injuries in combat sports. The sample consisted of martial arts athletes (judo, karate, wrestling, boxing and taekwondo) of both sexes, aged 11-49 years. Survey questionnaires and medical reports were used as measuring instruments for assessing injuries in the research. The found data, presented numerically and in percentages, were used for further analysis. The results of this research show that the characteristics of injuries of the locomotor system in martial arts usually do not depend on the sex of the respondents. There is a higher frequency of injuries in competitions and lower in training (except for under-18s). The most common locations of injuries (head and neck, extremities and joints), types of injuries (contusions, bruises and fractures), and severity of injuries (mild, moderate, or severe) depended on the characteristics of martial arts (sports techniques, tactics, physical and mental fitness, etc.). By applying additional methods, by improving physical preparation that is adequately dosed with the improvement of technical and tactical elements, injuries to athletes could be prevented.

AI-driven data analysis methods have garnered attention in enhancing the performance of wireless networks. One such application is the prediction of downlink throughput in mobile cellular networks. Accurate throughput predictions have demonstrated significant application benefits, such as improving the quality of experience in adaptive video streaming. However, the high degree of variability in cellular link behaviour, coupled with device mobility and diverse traffic demands, presents a complex problem. Numerous published studies have explored the application of machine learning to address this problem, displaying potential when trained and evaluated with traffic traces collected from operational networks. The focus of this paper is an empirical investigation of machine learning-based throughput prediction that runs in real-time on a smartphone, and its evaluation with video streaming in a range of real-world cellular network settings. We report on a number of key challenges that arise when performing prediction “in the wild”, dealing with practical issues one encounters with online data (not traces) and the limitations of real smartphones. These include data sampling, distribution shift, and data labelling. We describe our current solutions to these issues and quantify their efficacy, drawing lessons that we believe will be valuable to network practitioners planning to use such methodologies in operational cellular networks.

The casting industry uses large quantities of quartz sand, which is a cheap and accessible raw material that must be prepared for use in foundries. After the casting process, foundries generate huge amounts of waste foundry sand (WFS) as industrial waste. The regeneration and reuse of waste foundry sand is a practice and a necessity in many foundries for technological, environmental, and economic reasons. In this review paper, in addition to the characteristics of quartz sand for the casting industry and the characteristics of WFS, typical processes of regeneration in industrial practice, as well as the possibilities of using such recycled WFS in other industries, are presented.

The paper presents the results of testing the mechanical properties and evaluating the integrity of cylindrical head shells, which were obtained by the welding process and shaped by the cold process of gradual local deformation, i.e. the process of incremental deformation. Cylindrical head shells of pressure vessels are made from one part, but the standards also allow production in a welded version when the dimensions of the floors are larger than the standard dimensions of the sheets for production. Geometric shape and measurement tolerances are defined by a series of recommendations. The required mechanical properties and acceptance criteria for installation in pressure equipment are prescribed by PED 68/2014/EC and the BAS EN 13445 recommendation. The mechanical properties of the welded joint and the deformed material in the torospheric zone of the head shells, such as toughness, hardness and crack toughness, or their values are input parameters for determining the integrity of the floor structure. Using fracture mechanics criteria, detected faults can be categorized and evaluated with regard to the acceptability of the head shells for installation in pressure equipment or continued operation. The aim of the test is to determine the influence of the type of material, thickness and diameter of the head shells on the mechanical properties (ReH, Rm, A5 and KIc) and on the integrity of the cylindrical head shells.

Introduction: Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) is a frequent phenomenon, for which no complete solution has yet been found. More than 5% of patients treated for hypertension do not achieve blood pressure control with three first-generation antihypertensive drugs. Objective: The aim of this new cohort investigation, which is an extension of the TRYCORT study, is to re-examine the efficacy and safety of additional antihypertensive therapy in a group of adult patients with TRH. Methods: The study was designed as multi-national, multi-centre, prospective cohort study, which compared effectiveness and safety of add-on treatmentsof resistant hypertension. The patients were followed-up for 6 months, and primary outcome was treatment response. Results: In total139 patients completed the study(66women and 73 men), with average age of 63.6 years. Initial add-on therapy was changed at study visits if response to treatment was inadequate. The blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg was achieved in 75% of patients with add-on spironolactone, while effectively all patients achieved drop in systolic blood pressure ≥ 10 mmHg, and drop in diastolic blood pressure ≥ 5 mmHg. Only one treatment-related adverse effect was observed (pretibial oedema in patient taking amlodipine), while serum levels of potassium remaind within the reference limits. Quality of life increased and paralleled the treatment response. Conclusion: In conclusion, spironolactone proved to be the most effective and safe add-on therapy of resistant hypertension, but it needs several months of regular intake to achieve full effect and improve quality of life. Conclusion Spironolactone proved to be the most effective and safe add-on therapy of resistant hypertension, but it needs several months of regular intake to achieve the full effect and improve quality of life.

The UV-VIS method is an effective, non-destructive method that enables a better understanding of the electrolyte during corrosion. The aim of the study presented in this paper is to determine the existence of an organometallic complex in a 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of Rubus fruticosus L. leaf extract (RFLE). The experiments were conducted in a 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of RFLE (5 g/L and 10 g/L) with and without the immersion of a copper coupon. The results show that after the copper coupon standing in the electrolyte, there is a change in the absorbance maximum in the solution with 5 g/L RFLE, while no change is observed in the solution with 10 g/L RFLE. Such a change indicates the existence of a copper-RFLE complex in the solution with lower inhibitor concentration. In the case of RFLE, forming a copper complex with caffeic acid, isoquercetin and astragalin is possible. The absence of the complex at a concentration of 10 g/L RFLE can be attributed to a change in the mechanism and the lack of copper ions in the solution due to adequate corrosion protection.

This study investigates the kinetic models of Cu²⁺ ion adsorption onto clinoptilolite-rich zeolite. The study highlights the importance of diffusion kinetic models in understanding the adsorption process. The initial phases are significantly influenced by the ion diffusion through the film to the particle surface, particularly within the first 30 minutes, which is crucial for the heterogeneous surfaces like zeolites. Following this, the surface adsorption (intraparticle diffusion) is described by the Weber-Morris model, effective primarily during the initial stage. As the process progresses beyond 20-30 minutes, the ion removal rates decrease sharply, and diffusion within the particle core becomes the dominant factor, influencing the overall reaction rate.

This paper investigates the impact of explanatory variables that determine the financial stability of the banking sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the possibility of controlling credit risk, which is a threat to the stability of the financial system for the period from 2009 to 2019 on a quarterly basis. Correlation and panel regression analysis are also applied in this paper. The selected independent (explanatory) variables are the growth rate of savings of the household sector, the growth rate of foreign direct investments, the growth rate of exports, the growth rate of total loans, the growth rate of non-per- forming loans, the growth rate of capital adequacy ratio, and unemployment growth rate. The GDP growth rate will be used as the dependent variable. The research results showed that the most significant impact on the GDP growth rate was recorded by the following variables: the growth rate of foreign direct investment, the growth rate of exports and the growth rate of total loans. On the other hand, the following variable recorded the most significant negative impact: the growth rate of the household sector. The study also shows that there is a positive causal relationship between the growth rate of non-performing loans and the growth rate of unemployment.

Rural tourism is gaining popularity due to a healthier stay in a less developed rural environment. Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina’s most popular destination strives to enhance its tourism offer by developing rural tourism in its immediate surroundings. The “green ring,” a basin rim with preserved forest ecosystems and rural villages, serves as the foundation for the rural tourism product. The paper analyses the characteristics of rural tourism in the vicinity of Sarajevo and the role of stakeholders in planning rural tourism. Fieldwork, surveys, and interviews with tourism industry representatives were conducted to determine the cohesion of joint activity and the key features of rural tourism development. Domestic tourists make up the majority of rural visitors, although tourists from the Middle East and Europe are particularly interested in rural tourism. The top motives for visiting rural areas are walking and hiking, traditional gastronomy, and escaping from everyday life. The paper clarifies the challenges and barriers to rural tourism development.

Bauxite residue, also known as red mud (RM) is waste produced during alumina production in Bayer process. It is posing a significant threat to the enivorment due to its high alklalinity, fine particle size and complex structure various compounds. This study presents a sustainable, approach to its utilization, with focus on the recovery of valuable metals such as titanium. Different decarbonizing technologies were used presented in this work: hydrogen reduction without smelting in rotary kiln, high pressure leaching in an autoclave, ultrasonic spray pirolysis and aluminothermic reduction. Firstly red mud was subjected to hydrogen reduction in order to selectively remove iron, which can be used and transfered in the steel industry. Separation of Iron and solid residue was done using magnetic property of iron and magnetite, Solid residue is further processed in acid leaching with high pressure of oxygen in an autoclave. Leaching process optimizes various process parameters to extract titanium in the form of titanium oxy sulfate as well as iron and aluminium. Additionally, aluminum and iron solutions were also obtained by this process. The remaining solid residue, primarily composed of calcium sulphate and silica, was evaluated for potential use as an adsorbent in wastewater treatment. This innovative process demonstrates an efficient method of bauxite residue utilization with near zero waste concept, offering a promising solution to both environmental and industrial challenges. The planned improvement of proposed research strategy can be reached using solvent extraction and remelting process.

Early orthodontic treatment is considered as treatment that begins and ends before all permanent teeth erupt, i.e. it is carried out in the period of milk and mixed dentition. Synonyms of early treatment are: preventive orthodontic treatment, interceptive orthodontic treatment or the first phase of comprehensive treatment. The aim of the work is to consider the advantages and disadvantages of early orthodontic therapy. It is necessary to carry out therapy that will lead to the desired facial aesthetics, increase the child's confidence, parents' satisfaction, enable simpler therapy in the future, a better and more stable result, enable the proper performance of orofacial functions, achieve more opportunities for skeletal growth modification and reduce potential iatrogenic damage. Based on an extensive diagnostic procedure, which includes: history, clinical examination, functional analysis, radiography and photography of the patient and analysis of study models, we come up with a therapy plan. The case report is a girl aged 9 years and 3 months. Early treatment should be carried out only in children who have a definite need for treatment. The group with a limited need should be given time for spontaneous correction.

Anemia is the most common disorder globally and one of the conditions that general practitioners most frequently encounter. The human erythrocytes are exposed to constant stress while they circulate in the blood (e.g. shear stress, osmotic stress, oxidative stress). The scope of this review was to analyze the literature data on what do the hormonal receptors do on mature red blood cells (RBC) and how they relate to the risk of anemia. We investigated the literature data in the last five years (PubMed, Google Schoolar) and analyzed the effects of hormonal receptors on four specific characteristics of mature erythrocytes: osmotic resistance; deformability/rheology, RBC hemoglobin affinity to oxygen and eryptosis. We found that the hormones have a strong impact in regulating erythrocyte survival and functionality. These receptors increase the physiological plasticity of mature erythrocytes and serve as the effective tool for deeper effects of integral regulatory mechanisms, that promote their survival and whole-body homeostasis. Additionally, these hormonal receptors are closely associated with the risk of anaemia: when the supportive function of hormones and their receptors is not effective, eryptosis increases and, consequently, the number of mature erythrocytes in the circulation decreases.