Based on the position and the role of the industry that decisively affects the overall level of economic dynamics (GDP growth, employment rate, exports, competitiveness, innovation) this paper discusses some of the key factors which in an environment of deindustrialization of the Serbian economy call for the development and implementation of industrial policy, which is, again, the essential requirement for reindustrialization of the country. Building on the theoretical and methodological analysis of the most dominant contemporary concepts of industrial policy, the authors point to the need for setting and implementing an active, flexible and sophisticated industrial policy as an integral part of the socio-economic development of the country, since in this way the accumulation of structural disproportions can be achieved, as well as a more balanced presence on the world market. Current state of the industry characterized by a relatively modest share in the GDP generation and overall employment, low productivity and competitiveness levels, outdated technologies, insufficient innovation and R&D is a result of the irresponsible attitude of the state towards this economic sector. Due to the presence of the existing economic, financial and industrial limitations, it is necessary for the state to define a consistent and sustainable industrial policy concept and include all relevant stakeholders - ministries, employers, trade unions, research institutions and consumer organizations, in its implementation

Introduction: Degenerative joint disease, which is standardized in Europe by the name of arthrosis or osteoarthrosis, while in the Anglo-Saxon literature is in use for a long time by the name of osteoarthritis (OA) although this is not a classical inflammation,is the most common joint disease in general and the most common cause of functional damage of the musculoskeletal system. Recently, the term osteoarthritisappears more frequently in domestic literature. Arthroses are degenerative joint diseases with progressive character, also one of the most frequent diseases in orthopedics. The disease fi rst affects the articular cartilage, then the bony edges of the articular surfaces, and then the articular lining.Methods: Retrospective analysis and evaluation of data of treated patients, with the "Praxis" physical treatment during the period of time from 2000 to the end of 2010 on a sample of 79 patients,valorized the efficacy of Praxis treatment. The  correlation of these results, with valorisation of the efficacy of standard physical treatment in clinics D.Z. " Novi Grad " on a sample of 81 patients, during the period of time from 2000 to the end of 2010, a statistical analysis was performed for comparing the effi cacy of the two methods.Results: There is a functional difference after therapy of bilateral gonarthrosis in clinics D.Z. "Novi Grad" and "Praxis" with statistical reliability.Conclusion: A combined approach in the treatment of knee arthrosis has a wider range of treatment procedures, comprehensively approaches to the problem and gives better results, so we can say that this method has priority compared to the standard approach to the knee arthrosis treatment.

Introduction: The work of nurses is human. They help people in protection against diseases. Nurses are the largest group of health workers and all problems that appear in the health system are first recognized among them. Burnout syndrome appears among nurses very frequently. We present the leading factors for burnout among nurses in RMC „Dr Safet Mujic“ in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: It is a cross sectional descriptive study. We used an anonymous questionnaire with 20 questions. Our sample was random with 30% of all nurses which were working in this Medical Center in January-February 2012.Results: In our study 77.9% nurses work in the hospital. 52% have over 16 years of work experience. 34.6% of examinees are satisfi ed with interpersonal relationships, 31.7 % are satisfi ed with relationships with the superior. Motivation for work have 51% of examinees, a big number comes unwilling on work.For 83.7% overtime work is the reason for dissatisfaction 71.2% examinees think that they can't make progress on work. A high percentage of examinees doesn't think about problems related to work outside working hours, a good sleep have 38.5% and 56.7% wakes up tired. Many of examinees are not satisfiedwith workplace, and 58.7% would like to change it.Conclusion: Nurses employed in RMC „Dr Safet Mujic“ Mostar are exposed to many factors during work which can cause the burnout syndrome. It is necessary to expand the study on a larger group of nurses and to implement the measures for reducing risks of burnout syndrome.

Introduction: Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement of the common carotid artery (CCA) is considered as useful indicator of carotid atherosclerosis. Early detection of atherosclerosis and its associated risk factors is important to prevent stroke and heart diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate which risk factors are better determinants of subclinical atherosclerosis, measured by common carotidartery intima media thickness (CCA-IMT).Methods: A total of 74 subjects were randomly selected in this cross – sectional study. Information on the patient’s medical history and laboratory fi ndings were obtained from their clinical records. Risk factors relevant to this study were age, gender, cigarette smoking status, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Ultrasound scanning of carotid arteries was performed with a 7,5 MHz linear array transducer (GE Voluson730 pro). The highest value of six common carotid artery measurements was taken as the fi nal IMT. Increased CCA-IMT was defi ned when it was > 1 mm.Results: Our data demonstrated higher CCA-IMT values in male patients compared with female patients. Increased CCA-IMT was the most closely related to age (P<0.001), followed by systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.003) and glucose blood level (P=0.048).Conclusion: Age, gender and hypertension are the most important risk factors in development of carotid atherosclerosis. Early detection of atherosclerosis among high-risk populations is important in order to prevent stroke and heart diseases, which are leading causes of death worldwide.

Introduction: There is no simple answer to the question as to when the brain function is back to normal after anaesthesia. Research done so far has identified different factors influencing the rate of cognitive function recovery and type of anaesthetic as one of those factors.Methods: This study encountered 90 patients hospitalized in neurosurgical department of University Clinical Centre Tuzla in period from October 2011 to may 2012 year. Aim of the study was to compare influence of three different anesthetics (propofol, isofl urane and sevofl urane) on recovery rate of cognitive performance 1, 5 and 10 minutes following extubation. Assessment of cognitive functions was preformed using the short Orientation-Memory-Concentration (OMC) Test. All patients included in the study underwent lumbar microdiscectomy surgery and were allocated to one of three groups: propofol, sevoflurane and isoflurane.Results: Trough comparison of OMC test values there is obvious superiority in recovery of cognitive functions between propofol group and inhaled anesthetic group, after 1 minute (p = 0.008) and after 5 minutes (p =0.009). Comparison of propofol and isoflurane anesthesia shows significantly faster recovery of cognitive performance in propofol group (after 1 minute p = 0.002, 5 minutes p = 0.004, 10 minutes p = 0.038). Faster recovery of cognitive function is present in sevoflurane compared to isoflurane group only 1 minute after extubation p = 0.049.Conclusions: Fastest recovery of cognitive performance appears after propofol anesthesia, than follows sevofl urane based anesthesia and after that isoflurane anesthesia.

Introduction: The aim of this research was to compare specifi city and sensitivity of Color Doppler ultrasonographywith CT angiography.Methods: A total of one hundred patients suffering from carotid artery disease (n=200) were tested in this research in the period from June till October, 2011. Average age of the patients was 61.5 years, and most of the patients were in the age group ranging from 55 to 65 years. The level of carotid artery stenosis is measured according to Standards of the North America Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trail study,by method of Color Doppler ultrasonography and CT angiography.Results: Stenosis <50% registered by Doppler ultrasonography was found in 62% and by CT angiography in 64% patients. Stenosis from 70 to 79% registered by Doppler ultrasonography was found in 88% and by CT angiography in 82% patients. In patients with level of stenosis 70-79% there was a tendencyof registering the stenosis to be higher by Color Doppler ultrasonography, than by CT angiography. In the case of the occlusion, there was also the similar observation, with variation of 8% carotid arteries.Conclusion: Extracranial Doppler and color duplex ultrasound enable reliable detection of both stenosis and occlusion of carotid arteries and accordingly they occupy an important place in radiological algorithm. When it comes to CT angiography it can be concluded that it can provide accurate and exact information regarding the condition of blood vessels as good as Digital Subtractive Angiography can.

Introduction: Problem of addiction on psychoactive substances is one of the most diffi cult problems in a modern society, which brings serious consequences, both for the individual, his environment and the whole society.Methods: The study included 95 children and adolescents of medical school. Among the respondents, there were 44 subjects of third year of high school and 51 respondent-grader.Results: Students involved in this research as an answer to why young people start using drugs often reported curiosity in over 50% of cases, as well as pressure of friends. For students who use narkotine respondents generally thought they are  reasonable and sufficiently weak and limited personality. Thelargest number of high school students who were involved in the study did not know the individuals who use drugs.Conclusion: Drug addiction is a serious problem all over the country, and the number of addicts is becoming larger. Particularly worrisome is the fact that the consumption of the drug phenomenon is a characteristic of young population, especially high school students

Introduction: Preterm delivery is the delivery before 37 weeks of gestation are completed. The incidence of preterm birth ranges from 5 to 15%. Aims of the study were to determine the average body weight, Apgar score after one and five minutes, and the frequency of the most common complications in preterminfants.Methods: The study involved a total of 631 newborns, of whom 331 were born prematurely Aims of this study were to (24th-37th gestational weeks-experimental group), while 300 infants were born in time (37-42 weeks of gestation-control group).Results: Average body weight of prematurely born infants was 2382 grams, while the average Apgar score in this group after the fi rst minute was 7.32 and 7.79 after the fifth minute. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 50%, intracranial hemorrhage, 28.1% and 4.8% of sepsis. Respiratory distresssyndrome was more common in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. Mortality of premature infants is present in 9.1% and is higher than that of infants born at term.Conclusions: Birth body weight and Apgar scores was lower in preterm infants. Respiratory distress syndrome is the most common fetal complication of prematurity. Intracranial hemorrhage is the second most common complication of prematurity. Mortality of premature infants is higher than the mortality of infants born at term birth.

Background: Neurofibrillary tangles comprising abnormally phosphorylated tau are hallmarks for Alzheimer disease. Results: Prostate-derived sterile 20-like kinases (PSKs) phosphorylate tau on more than 40 residues. PSKs are activated in tangle-bearing neurons. Conclusion: PSKs may contribute to Alzheimer pathology and neurodegeneration by mediating tau phosphorylation. Significance: PSKs may provide novel targets for the treatment of dementia. In Alzheimer disease (AD), the microtubule-associated protein tau is highly phosphorylated and aggregates into characteristic neurofibrillary tangles. Prostate-derived sterile 20-like kinases (PSKs/TAOKs) 1 and 2, members of the sterile 20 family of kinases, have been shown to regulate microtubule stability and organization. Here we show that tau is a good substrate for PSK1 and PSK2 phosphorylation with mass spectrometric analysis of phosphorylated tau revealing more than 40 tau residues as targets of these kinases. Notably, phosphorylated residues include motifs located within the microtubule-binding repeat domain on tau (Ser-262, Ser-324, and Ser-356), sites that are known to regulate tau-microtubule interactions. PSK catalytic activity is enhanced in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, areas of the brain that are most susceptible to Alzheimer pathology, in comparison with the cerebellum, which is relatively spared. Activated PSK is associated with neurofibrillary tangles, dystrophic neurites surrounding neuritic plaques, neuropil threads, and granulovacuolar degeneration bodies in AD brain. By contrast, activated PSKs and phosphorylated tau are rarely detectible in immunostained control human brain. Our results demonstrate that tau is a substrate for PSK and suggest that this family of kinases could contribute to the development of AD pathology and dementia.