Aims: Determine health effects of programmed physical activities on blood fats in peripheral arterial disease of lower limbs or in examinees on medication therapy and examinees performing programmed physical activities along with the medication therapy. Methods: Overall research has been carried out at the Clinic for Vascular Disease CCUS. Before involvement into the study, examinees had to meet the inclusion criteria. Research was carried out as randomized controlled trial including 100 patients with arterial disease of lower limbs, who meet inclusion criteria: control group (CG, n=50) and test group (TG, n=50). Total level of cholesterol was used for effects assessment of 28 weeks of applied programmed activity in patients. Results: Values of total cholesterol (tCh) and triglycerides before and after treatment in patients of CG and TG showed statistically significant change of its mean values. Significant decrease were marked in tCh and triglycerides levels in TG compared to CG. Conclusion: Adequate programmed physical activities in patients with peripheral vascular disease appeared as very successful in treated patients. Results indicate statistically significant decrease of the cholesterol and triglycerides after the treatment. Physical activity used in the treatment made partial regression of arterial diseases and saved patients for undergoing to surgery. Lower level of total cholesterol represents a ten year period prevention of initial stage in progress of arterial diseases.

During the process of cellular respiration in living organisms some reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly forming, sometimes as a result of exogenous sources such as pollution, radiation and ionizing radiation and drugs [1, 2, 3, 4]. They can harm vitally important structures, such as cell membranes, destroying deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is an essential core component of every cell and damaging the respiratory enzymes and genetic material, thus creating the preconditions for the emergence of degenerative and malignant diseases [5, 6, 7, 8].

Introduction: Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder reported to be caused by gene alterations of the Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein 3 corresponding gene (WISP3) located on chromosome position 6q22.  Up to date, there is only a handful of WISP3 mutations identified in Europe, whereas most mutations are identified in Asia and Middle East.  According to our knowledge, this is the first report of genetic dissection of WISP3 associated with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Based on clinical examination findings (general manifestations, physical examination, characteristics of their bones on X-ray and laboratory results), an index patient was directed to WISP3 genotyping for confirmation of suspected diagnosis of PPD.Methods: DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. All 5 exons and their exon-intron boundaries of the WISP3 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced by Sanger method. Segregation analysis was done to confirm the familial carrier status.Results: A missense mutation (C223G) - homozygous T to G transition at c.667 in exon 4 was identified in index patient. This mutation changed codon CAG to TAG and resulted in a subsequent change of the cysteine to glycine codon. Same mutation was observed in both parents in heterozygous form confirming the familial segregation.Conclusion: Due to its nature, the identified mutation C223G in exon 4 in WISP3 gene is the most probably causative for PPD in described patient. Here we describe the PCR based method for genotyping of specific mutation in WISP3 gene. The identification of this mutation might be a valuable addition to a regional databases on rare genetic variant although a functional analysis should be performed to explain its pathological effect.

APSTRAKT Vaccines have made a major contribution to global public health, including the eradication of one deadly disease, small pox, and the near eradication of another, poliomyelitis. In the future, vaccination will be expected to eliminate the remaining childhood infectious diseases. Development of new, safe and effective adjuvants is also an important part of vaccine research. The new technologies minimize the risks associated with the new generation of vaccines. Research is also taking place into ways of making vaccines more thermostable, reducing the need for a cold chain for their storage and delivery. There are already needleand pain-free vaccines that can be given as a nasal spray or taken orally, but researchers are coming close to releasing a new form of vaccine delivery called vaccine patches. Vaccines can be used as a prevention of the development of a cancer or control of a cancer, but also to help to control chronic non-infectious diseases in adults. A large number of very important vaccines such as vaccines against human papilloma virus, enterovirus 71, malaria, herpes zoster, meningococcal type B, as well as the first nasal vaccine and the first quadrivalent influenza vaccine etc. have been approved since 2000, and a great number of vaccines are currently under investigation.

Introduction: Hip and knee joints represent a simple functional construction composed of strong, durable material. They enable the person to make everyday, long-range and painless leg movements. Obesity progressively accelerates the arthrosis, and subsequently, the dysfunction of joints. The aim of the study: The aim of this study is to, within the test sample of 52 patients, establish the influence of obesity on the progression of primary knee and