Teritorija Republike Srpske i Bosne i Hercegovine je u velikoj mjeri izložena katastrofalnim rizicima usljed prirodnih nepogoda i nedovoljno razvijene infrastrukture i sistema zaštite. Prioritetni katastrofalni rizici na ovim prostorima su poplave i klizišta izazvane naglim porastom vodostaja rijeka uzrokovanog velikim količinama padavina. Prvi korak u upravljanju katastrofalnim rizicima je rano upozorenje, odnosno razvijanje sistema koji će na vrijeme upozoriti nadležne o potencijalnim nepogodama. Razvoj Interneta stvari značajno doprinosi ovom polju, budući da je upotrebom modernih tehnologija moguće pratiti stanje parametara i na udaljenim i nepristupačnim lokacijama. U ovom radu opisan je razvoj senzorskog čvora za praćenje vodostaja rijeka u cilju ranog upozorenja od poplava, baziran na Arduino GSM MKR 1400 razvojnoj ploči i ultrasoničnom senzoru MB7366. Uloga senzorskog čvora je da prati vodostaj rijeke u unaprijed definisanim trenucima i pošalje obavještenje nadležnom operateru ili instituciji.

This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of Golden Section Search (GSS), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), alongside well-known Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance (INC) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms for Photovoltaic (PV) system. The methodology involves theoretical development, simulation, and real-time experimentation using Matlab/Simulink and the Humusoft MF 634 data-acquisition card. Real-time experiments validate algorithm effectiveness under real-world conditions, facilitated by precise control mechanisms using Taraz's power electronics converter modules. The results contribute to ongoing efforts in optimizing MPPT technology and advancing the efficiency of PV systems for renewable energy generation.

A theoretical perspective on grandiose narcissism suggests four forms of it (sanctity, admiration, heroism, rivalry) and states that these forms conduce to different ways of thinking and acting. Guided by this perspective, we examined in a multinational and multicultural study (61 countries; N = 15,039) how narcissism forms are linked to cognitions and behaviors prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As expected, differences in cognitions and behaviors across narcissism forms emerged. For example, higher narcissistic rivalry predicted lower likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors, but higher narcissistic sanctity predicted higher likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Further, whereas the heroism, admiration, and rivalry narcissism forms acted in a typically antisocial manner, with high narcissism predicting greater endorsement of unfounded health beliefs, the sanctity form acted in a prosocial manner, with higher narcissism being linked to lower endorsement of unfounded COVID-19 health beliefs. Thus, the findings (a) support the idea of four narcissism forms acting differently, and (b) show that these differences reflect a double-edged sword, sometimes linking to an anti-social orientation, and sometimes linking to a pro-social orientation.

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women worldwide, therefore an early and precise process of diagnostics plays an important role in improving the prognosis and outcome of treatment. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) allows faster and more precise analysis of medical imaging, which contributes to the early detection of tumors and lowers the number of false-negative results. This review article analyzed 60 scientific papers and using the most recent findings about this topic, searched for AI implementation in breast cancer research and how AI may improve overall survival outcomes for breast cancer patients.

Surface mining of coal has a negative impact on the environment that needs to be prevented, reduced, controlled, monitored by applying the management of technological processes of technical and biological recultivation after the end of exploitation works. The paper deals with the problem of multi-criteria decision-making in the process of selection of indicators that have an impact on the choice of purpose of recultivated terrain after the end of coal mining. The considered reclamation solutions represent possible alternatives. Degraded areas need to be returned to their original purpose, they should be in the function of environmental protection of the natural environment and settlements near this location. In addition, various criteria and sub-criteria that affect the choice of the most favourable solution were defined and analyzed. The final decision on land use after exploitation was made based on mathematical calculations using the multi-criteria VIKOR method.

Na lokalitetu "Mravinjac” u Ćelebićima kod Konjica tokom izvođenja mašinskog iskopa za pripremu i izgradnju novoga mosta koji bi povezao dvije obale Neretve, odnosno vještačkog jezera, prije gotovo dvije godine (2004 god.), se naišlo na prve grobne konstrukcije. Intervencijom općine Konjic, ubrzo je došlo do reagiranja Federalnog ministarstva kulture i sporta, Federalnog zavoda za zaštitu kulturno-historijskog i prirodnog naslijeđa i Zemaljskog muzeja Bosne i Hercegovine.

Dosadašnja znanja o vojvodskoj tituli u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni počivaju na nedovoljno izgrađenim i potvrđenim podrazumijevanjima, ponekad i paralelama iz bolje istraženih susjednih područja. U dosad ponuđenom prepoznaju se određeni izrazi logičnosti i uobičajenosti. Bilo je i usputnih pokušaja da se logičnost i uobičajenost predstave kao odrazi zakonitosti koja se poštivala u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni. Ipak, nije bilo zasebnih i detaljnijih pristupa koji bi analizom više primjera prezentirali sistemsko praćenje s mogućim devijacijama koje sa sobom nose ustaljeni sistemi. Sav dostupan izvorni materijal nije bio predmetom zasebne obrade na bosanskim primjerima. S obzirom na njegovu širinu to nije učinjeno ni na ovom mjestu. Na sljedećim stranicama dat je prilog koji može opravdati takva šira buduća sagledavanja.

The main morphological and genetic characterization of seven introduced almond cultivars in Bosnia & Herzegovina was conducted. The almond cultivars included three from Italy (Tuono, Genco, Supernova), two from France (Ferragnes and Ferraduel), and two from the USA (Texas and Nonpareil). Genetic characterization was utilized by using 10 microsatellite markers, with nine markers from Prunus persicae and one from Prunus armeniaca. The results of genetic characterization revealed an average of 5.40 alleles per primer per locus. The average number of effective alleles for the 10 SSR loci of introduced cultivars was 3.92. The Shannon Information Index averaged 1.41. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) averaged 0.53 and 0.69, respectively. Morphological analyses of the fruit of introduced almond cultivars in Bosnia & Herzegovina indicated favorable agroecological conditions for their cultivation and spread. The results suggest that these introduced almond cultivars could be utilized in breeding programs to enhance the genetic diversity of the local almond population in Bosnia & Herzegovina.

Simple Summary Ticks are ectoparasites with medical significance. They inhabit diverse environments and maintain close interactions with numerous vertebrate hosts. Ixodes ticks can transmit various pathogens to animals and humans. The aim here was to examine Ixodes ticks from Bosnia and Herzegovina to check for specific pathogens. This study found Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from domestic animals. These findings highlight the need for the ongoing monitoring of ticks and tick-borne pathogens to protect animal and public health. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into the occurrence and spread of these pathogens, emphasizing the importance of broader surveillance and control measures. Effective prevention, surveillance, and control of tick-borne diseases require urgent regional and international collaboration. Abstract Limited information is available regarding the presence of tick-borne pathogens and their distribution within Ixodes species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study aimed to identify Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in Ixodes ticks collected from domestic and wild animals and vegetation in different regions across Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 7438 adult ticks, including 4526 Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes canisuga, and Ixodes hexagonus, were collected. Real-time PCR screening of 450 pooled I. ricinus samples revealed a 22.1% infection rate with at least one pathogen. Rickettsia spp. (6.3%) were found in ticks from dogs, cats, and goats, Babesia spp. (3.1%) in ticks from dogs and cattle, A. phagocytophilum (8.8%) in ticks from dogs, goats, and cattle, and B. burgdorferi s.l. (3.4%) in ticks from dogs and cats. Mixed infections with B. burgdorferi s.l. and A. phagocytophilum, as well as B. burgdorferi s.l. and Rickettsia spp., were found in two pools of I. ricinus from dogs and cats, respectively. Additionally, co-infection with Rickettsia spp. and A. phagocytophilum was confirmed in three tick pools from dogs and goats. Each tick from these pooled samples was individually retested to confirm the presence of pathogens. In the examined pooled samples of I. canisuga (1) and I. hexagonus (6), none of the tested pathogens were detected. Our findings represent the first detection of Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., A. phagocytophilum, and B. burgdorferi s.l. in I. ricinus collected from domestic animals and vegetation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering the established infection rates, the detection of tick-borne pathogens in adult ticks collected from domestic animals and vegetation enriches the current knowledge of the presence of tick-borne pathogens at the local, regional, national, and broader levels.

Improving the conditions for the provision of tourist services is critical for the development of tourism. The World Economic Forum uses the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI), calculated based on five main criteria and 17 sub-criteria, to assess these conditions and generate a ranking list of countries based on their favourable environment for conducting tourism-related activities. However, the TTDI only considers the average value of each country's criteria and sub-criteria scores without considering the significance of those criteria. This paper addresses this issue using a hybrid multi-criteria analysis, which combines the MARCOS (Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking According to Compromise Solution) and MEREC (MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria) methods. The results of these methods show that the observed European countries' ranking order differs from the ranking order stated in TTDI. Spain is ranked first, Turkmenistan ranks last, and sensitivity analysis supports these findings. When ranking countries using the TTDI, the importance of the criteria must be considered to accurately reflect the conditions prevailing for tourism development in countries, which is highlighted by this research. This paper's contribution demonstrates that all criteria cannot be considered equally to form the TTDI, as the requirements cannot be equally important.

Background: Acute nasopharyngitis is often treated with hypertonic saline that can be combined with additional compounds, such as lysozyme. The aim of this study was to compare efficacy and safety of hypertonic saline solution with or without lysozyme in the treatment of acute nasopharyngitis. Methods: Non-interventional, prospective, multicentre, observational, parallel study was conducted on adult subjects with symptoms of acute nasopharyngitis. Subjects were divided into hypertonic saline or lysozyme group (receiving slightly hypertonic nasal spray with addition of lysozyme). Time until the patency of both nasal passages was measured after the first application of therapy. The congestion severity was assessed by using a visual analogue scale before the therapy application, after 30 minutes, and after seven days. Adverse reactions were monitored and evaluated.   Results: The total number of included subjects was 252 (60 in the hypertonic saline group and 192 in the lysozyme group). In both groups, a significantly better assessment of the severity of the nasal passages’ obstruction was recorded after 30 minutes and seven days from therapy start (for all compared time intervals p<0.001). The lysozyme group had a significantly lower nasal congestion score compared to hypertonic saline 30 minutes after therapy (p<0.001) and seven days from the therapy start (p=0.001). In the hypertonic saline group, a significantly shorter time was observed to establish the patency of the nasal passages after the first therapy application (p<0.001). All adverse events were mild. Conclusions: Addition of lysozyme to slightly hypertonic nasal spray brings added value in the pharmacotherapy of acute nasopharyngitis.

Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G‐POEM) is a promising therapeutic modality for refractory gastroparesis (GP). However, as characteristics of suitable patients for G‐POEM remain unclear, antro‐duodenal manometry (ADM) has been suggested to provide objective parameters for patient selection. The aim of the present study was to identify ADM parameters as predictors for treatment response after G‐POEM in refractory GP.

Prikupljeni i prezentirani materijal ukazuje na širi i duži srodnički niz vlaha Pliščića koji će, izvjesno, daljim istraživanjima biti značajnije popunjavan, s obzirom na to da u dosadašnjim razmatranjima nije u dovoljnoj mjeri spajana spoznaja koju nude izvori različitog porijekla. Srž rada odnosi se na kontekstualizaciju najvažnijih katunara među vlasima Pliščićima. 

In the automotive sector, the use of multi-body software for modeling of existing vehicles has become essential due to its advantages in understanding vehicle dynamics in different situations and improving vehicle performances. This paper aims to model an off-road truck (4 × 4) by using ADAMS software 2020. Several steps must be achieved, including experimentally identifying some truck characteristics such as the mass, center of gravity coordinates, and tire vertical stiffness. The truck features leaf springs in both the front and rear suspensions, which must be validated before their integration into the full model due to their modeling complexity. This validation is performed by comparing the force–displacement characteristics obtained experimentally with simulation results from ADAMS, showing a good agreement. Then, the full truck is modeled in ADAMS software and validated through an experimental test using a repeated double-lane change scenario with two tests for the validation of the truck’s lateral dynamics. The comparison between the results shows a good correlation, validating the multi-body truck model.