ABSTRACT This paper builds on the general survey of post-mortem privacy set out in the author’s earlier work. The concept of post-mortem privacy is further developed both at a theoretical level (underpinned by theories of autonomy) and a doctrinal level (considering concepts such as testamentary freedom, and the protection of personal data). Finally, the paper looks at some current developments of technology (tech solutions for the protection of post-mortem privacy) and law/policy (work done by the US Uniform Law Commission on the Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act – UFADAA). The argument is that both of these regulatory modalities provide examples and illustrations of how post-mortem privacy can be recognised practically, especially in the online environment. The paper is, therefore, setting the scene further in this under-explored area, also aiming to set the basis for the author’s subsequent empirical research (attitudes towards post-mortem privacy, quantitative and qualitative).

The University of Pittsburgh's Department of Biomedical Informatics and Division of Pathology Informatics created a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) pipeline in 2011 dedicated to providing cutting-edge informatics research and career preparatory experiences to a diverse group of highly motivated high-school students. In this third editorial installment describing the program, we provide a brief overview of the pipeline, report on achievements of the past scholars, and present results from self-reported assessments by the 2015 cohort of scholars. The pipeline continues to expand with the 2015 addition of the innovation internship, and the introduction of a program in 2016 aimed at offering first-time research experiences to undergraduates who are underrepresented in pathology and biomedical informatics. Achievements of program scholars include authorship of journal articles, symposium and summit presentations, and attendance at top 25 universities. All of our alumni matriculated into higher education and 90% remain in STEM majors. The 2015 high-school program had ten participating scholars who self-reported gains in confidence in their research abilities and understanding of what it means to be a scientist.

ABSTRACT Plant biostimulants are substances which have the capacity to modify physiological processes in plants in a way that provides potential benefits to growth, development or stress response. Effects of biostimulant application on two tomato hybrids (Ombeline F1 and Bostina F1) submitted to reduced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) nutrition aiming at prevention of oxidative stress generation as well as yield and fruit quality loss were investigated in this study. According to obtained results, foliar applied Viva® biostimulant decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity in tomato leaves even when recommended NPK nutrition was reduced at 40%. Fruit quality parameters (total soluble solids, total acidity, ascorbic acid and lycopene content) and yield were also maintained in reduced macronutrient fertilization when biostimulant was added. Combination of biostimulant with reduced NPK fertilizer enabled stability of cell homeostasis in tomato plants and their better adaptation to stress conditions. The possibility of biostimulant being used as environmental friendly tool in the reduction of mineral fertilizers without negative consequences regarding yield and fruit quality was discussed.

Introduction Fractures of the radial head and neck are the most common fractures of the elbow, and account for approximately one-third of all elbow fractures. Depending on the fracture type the treatment is either conservative or surgical. There is no absolute consensus regarding optimal treatment for different fracture types. The aim of this protocol is to present the method that will be used to collect, describe and analyse the current evidence regarding the treatment of Mason II–III radial head and neck fractures. Method and analysis We will conduct a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines statement. We will search a number of databases with a predefined search strategy to collect both randomised and non-randomised studies. The articles will be summarised with descriptive statistics. If applicable a meta-analysis will be conducted. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required since this is a protocol for a systematic review and no primary data will be collected. The authors will publish findings from this review in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. Trial registration number CRD42016037627.

An important task in conducting a systematic review is reading titles and abstracts of the retrieved references, which often number in the thousands, to determine which articles meet the predefined inclusion criteria. In the past, this was performed by manually scanning through large stacks of printed titles and abstracts, followed by face-to-face meetings to discuss which references should be included. Today, the workflow of the review process is more streamlined by using computer software.

Abstract The cytotoxic activity of phenylboroxine acid was evaluated in vitro on mouse mammary adenocarcinoma 4T1, mouse squamous cell carcinoma SCCVII, hamster lung fibroblast V79 and mouse dermal fibroblasts L929 cell lines. The cytotoxic effects were dose dependent for all tested tumour and non-tumour cell lines. Under in vivo conditions, three application routes of phenylboronic acid were studied: intra-peritoneal (i.p.), intra-tumour (i.t.) and per-oral. After tumour transplantation in syngeneic mice, phenylboronic acid was shown to slow the growth of both tumour cell lines (4T1 and SCCVII) compared with the control. The inhibitory effects were pronounced during the application of phenylboronic acid. For both tested tumour cell lines, the most prominent antitumour effect was obtained by intraperitoneal administration, followed significantly by oral administration.

ABSTRACT Foraging theory suggests organisms increase their fitness through dietary and energetic choices. In nature, organisms choose to consume balanced optimal diets but as exotic plants invade ecosystems, new foraging options become available. Often these plants have different traits and can negatively affect fitness of foragers by lowering survival or growth due to toxicity. Wetland habitats are highly susceptible to plant invasions which can have negative effects on nutrient cycling. The purpose of this study was to examine whether invasion of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) alters tadpole foraging preference thus potentially impacting their survivorship and fitness. We designed a common garden experiment and utilized stable isotopic signatures to investigate the contribution of purple loosestrife and native hardwood detritus to larval wood frog (Rana sylvatica) and southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala) diets. Tadpoles derived a higher percentage of resources from purple loosestrife compared to native hardwood detritus when presented with both options, despite its high concentration of toxic secondary compounds. It is unknown if tadpoles can detect competing fitness signals that may be associated with higher nutrient and toxicity levels in purple loosestrife. Discovering the presence or absence of such signals will promote a greater understanding of selective foraging in changing environments.

Credit risk is the most important risk among all other risks in the banking business, because almost over 80% of bank balance sheets relate to this segment of banking risk management. One of the biggest problems of commercial banks in Bosnia and Herzegovina are non-performing loans whose share in total loans has increased significantly since the onset of the global financial crisis. The main objective of the research is to determine which of the macroeconomic variables have the strongest impact on the increase of return on average equity and whether it is possible to reduce the credit risk of banks with adequate legislation as the main factor in the slowdown in credit expansion. The main goal will be to divide the impact of an independent variable, i.e. the share of liquid assets in total assets and whether its increase indirectly affects the return on equity and indirectly, the credit risk. The quantitative model used in this study will be the Merton model. Testing will be conducted through multiple regression analysis for the period 2008-2016 with the help of the software package STATA.

Tržišta akcija su efikasna ako cene u bilo kojem momentu reflektuju sve javno dostupne informacije. Cene akcija bi trebalo da se prilagode u momentima kada investitori pokušavaju da iskoriste nove informacije koje nisu bile predmetom računovodstvenog evidentiranja. Osnovni cilj ovog rada je da se utvrdi da li zaista finansijski izveštaji odabrane skupine preduzeća koja kotiraju na Sarajevskoj i Banjalučkoj berzi predstavljaju dobru baznu osnovu i odraz tržišnih cena ili naprosto služe kao zakonska obaveza i zahtev regulatornih agencija. U radu će biti sprovedena regresiona analiza zavisne i nezavisnih varijabli za period od 2011. do 2015. godine. Kao zavisna varijabla će biti tretirana zatvarajuća cena trgovanja na berzama, dok će se kao nezavisne varijable koristiti sledeće: odnos tržišne cene i zarade (PE racio), zarada po akciji (EPS), neto dobit nakon oporezivanja (ND), ostvareni profit na akcijski kapital (ROE), odnos tržišne i knjigovodstvene vrednosti (PB), i ukupan promet na berzama (PR).

Introduction/Objective Activation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) results in cell transition from growth phase to synthesis phase of cell cycle. Breast cancer is categorized into prognostic and therapeutic subtypes based upon hormone receptor, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) expression and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) expression. The objective of this study was to examine the expression of IGF-1R in а specific subtype invasive breast cancer and its correlation with basic histopathological and immunohistochemical prognostic parameters. Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples were obtained from 129 female patients with invasive breast cancer (I–III disease stage) with the follow-up ranging 36–108 months (average 48 months). For immunohistochemical staining, we used monoclonal antibodies for ER, PR, IGF-1R, and polyclonal antibody for HER-2. Results IGF-1R inversely correlated with tumor stage (p = 0.017), tumor grade (p = 0.001), HER-2 (p = 0.003), whereas significant positive correlation was found with multifocality/multicentricity of breast cancer (p = 0.036), ER (p = 0.001) and PR (p = 0.0001) expression. Cox-regression analysis for relapse-free survival (RFS) showed that disease stage (p = 0.039) and HER-2 (p = 0.033) were independent prognostic factors. IGF-1R did not predict clinical outcome in patients with breast cancer (p = 0.488, Kaplan–Meier test for RFS). Conclusion Patients with low stage and grade hormone-dependent breast cancer had a significantly higher IGF-1R expression than patients with triple negative or HER-2 overexpressed cancer. The present findings also highlight that IGF-1R expression in multicentric/multifocal breast cancer supports the key roles in tumor initiation.