This paper examines the possibilities of applying Catalan numbers in cryptography. It also offers the application of appropriate combinatorial problems (Ballot Problem, Stack permutations and Balanced Parentheses) in encryption and decryption of files and plaintext. The paper analyzes the properties of Catalan numbers and their relation to these combined problems. Applied copyright method is related to the decomposition of Catalan numbers in the process of efficient keys generating. Java software solution which enables key generating with the properties of the Catalan numbers is presented at the end of the paper. Java application allows encryption and decryption of plaintext based on the generated key and combinatorial problems.

The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between morphological characteristics and dynamic parameters of running in the case of boys aged 10-12 years. The study was conducted on a sample of 75 respondents, who are separated from the fourth-grade elementary school population. Morphological characteristics are measured by a set of fifteen variables: longitudinal dimensionality (3 variables), transversal dimensionality (4 variables), volume and body mass (4 variables), fatt tissue (4 variables), and body mass index. Dynamic parameters of running were estimated by measuring the passing time at 5m segments of the whole distance. Variables of dynamic running parameters have achieved statistically significant correlation with variables of transversal dimensionality, volume and body mass and fat tissue (p<0.05). Also, statistically significant correlation (p<0.01) of mean intensity was obtained between body mass index and all variables of dynamic running parameters. Based on the results of dynamic running parameters it can be concluded that the analyzed sample of boys aged 10-12 years is characterized by the following pattern of running structure at 50 meters: the acceleration phase lasts from the start to the fifteen meters section; stable running phase lasts from 15 to 40 meters, indicating that the maintenance length of the maximum speed level is 25 meters; and the deceleration phase of running lasts from 40 to 50 meters.

A bstractWe implement scalar and vector leptoquark (LQ) models in the universal FeynRules output (UFO) format assuming the Standard Model fermion content and conservation of baryon and lepton numbers. Scalar LQ implementations include next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections. We report the NLO QCD inclusive cross sections in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, 14 TeV, and 27 TeV for all on-shell LQ production processes. These comprise (i) LQ pair production (pp → ΦΦ) and (ii) single LQ + lepton production (pp → Φℓ) for all initial quark flavours (u, d, s, c, and b). Vector LQ implementation includes adjustable non-minimal QCD coupling. We discuss several aspects of LQ searches at a hadron collider, emphasising the implications of SU(2) gauge invariance, electroweak and flavour constraints, on the possible signatures. Finally, we outline the high-pT search strategy for LQs recently proposed in the literature to resolve experimental anomalies in B-meson decays. In this context, we stress the importance of complementarity of the three LQ related processes, namely, pp → ΦΦ, pp → Φℓ, and pp → ℓℓ.

NAD + has emerged as a crucial element in both bioenergetic and signaling pathways since it acts as a key regulator of cellular and organism homeostasis. NAD + is a coenzyme in redox reactions, a donor of adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPr) moieties in ADP-ribosylation reactions, a substrate for sirtuins, a group of histone deacetylase enzymes that use NAD + to remove acetyl groups from proteins; NAD + is also a precursor of cyclic ADP-ribose, a second messenger in Ca ++ release and signaling, and of diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) and oligoadenylates (oligo2′-5′A), two immune response activating compounds. In the biological systems considered in this review, NAD + is mostly consumed in ADP-ribose (ADPr) transfer reactions. In this review the roles of these chemical products are discussed in biological systems, such as in animals, plants, fungi and bacteria. In the review, two types of ADP-ribosylating enzymes are introduced as well as the pathways to restore the NAD + pools in these systems.

Alergija na hranu predstavlja cest i kontinuirano rastuci problem. Iako je prisutna u svim životnim dobima, najcesce pogađa decu do tri godine, a posebno nasledno predisponiranu odojcad na vestackoj ishrani. Sklonost neadekvatnoj imunskoj reakciji je neselektivnog karaktera, te je nutritivna alergija cesto multipla i u visokom stepenu udružena sa inhalacionom i/ili kontaktnom hipersenzitivnoscu. Zbog antigenske bliskosti nekih vrsta hrane alergijska reakcija može biti i unakrsna, kao sto je to slucaj sa kikirikijem, leguminozama i jezgrastim vocem ili kravljim, ovcjim i kozjim mlekom. Glavni nutritivni alergeni, odgovorni za preko 90% neželjenih reakcija ovog tipa, su proteini kravljeg mleka, jaja, kikirikija, jezgrastog voca, soje, psenicnog brasna, ribe i morskih mekusaca, zglavkara i cefalopoda. Alergiju na hranu karakterise veoma sirok spektar klinickih manifestacija. Moguce su i veoma teske sistemske reakcije, nekad i fatalne. Dijagnoza alergije na hranu se zasniva na detaljnoj licnoj i porodicnoj anamnezi, kompletnom klinickom pregledu i odgovarajucim laboratorijskim i drugim ispitivanjima prilagođenim tipu hipersenzitivnosti i karakteru tegoba ispitanika, a terapija na eliminacionoj dijeti. Znacajan doprinos dijagnozi ima i pozitivan efekat eliminacione dijete. Mada je alergija na hranu kod dece u vecini slucajeva prolazna, na neke od namirnica, kao sto su kikiriki, jezgrasto voce, riba i morski mekusci, zglavkari i cefalopode, ona je najcesce doživotna.

Uvod. Holesteatom se definise kao cisticna, ekspanzivna lezija temporalne kosti, ciju glavnu osobinu karakterise progresivan rast s erozijom okolne kosti. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita status osikularnog lanca i kostanih zidova kavuma timpani kod ispitanika sa holesteatomom srednjeg uha. Metode. Studija je obuhvatila 100 ispitanika, oba pola, u dobi od 16 do 84 godine, operativno tretiranih zbog hronicne upale srednjeg uha u Klinici za bolesti uha, grla i nosa Univerzitetskog klinickog centra Republike Srpske, u razdoblju od 2015. do 2016. godine. Ispitanici su podijeljeni u dvije grupe od po 50 ispitanika prema prisustvu holesteatoma: eksperimentalnu grupu sa holesteatomom i kontrolnu grupu bez holesteatoma. Intraoperativnom eksploracijom ispitan je status osikularnog lanca i kostanih zidova kavuma timpani. Rezultati. U kontrolnoj grupi bez holesteatoma statisticki znacajno veci broj ispitanika je imao ocuvan anatomski integritet kostanih zidova kavuma timpani (47/50; χ2 = 38,720; p < 0,001) za razliku od eksperimentalne grupe gdje su statisticki znacajno ucestaliji bili ispitanici s destrukcijom pomenutih anatomskih struktura (41/50; χ2 = 22,224; p < 0,001). Utvrđena je statisticki znacajna razlika između grupe sa i bez holesteatoma u odnosu na status osikularnog lanca. U eksperimentalnoj grupi je zabilježena statisticki znacajno veca ucestalost ispitanika (36%) s nedostatkom inkusa i drske maleusa i erozijom suprastruktura stapesa, a u kontrolnoj statisticki znacajno veca ucestalost ispitanika (76%) s ocuvanim osikularnim lancem. Zakljucak. Destrukcija kostanih zidova kavuma timpani i osikularnog lanca je bila statisticki znacajno ucestalija kod ispitanika sa holesteatomom srednjeg uha. Prema stepenu destrukcije osikularnog lanca, statisticki najzastupljenija je bila kategorija ispitanika s nedostatkom inkusa, drske maleusa, kao i erozijom suprastruktura stapesa.

Recent developments in personal and mobile healthcare have shown promising results in term of patients' quality of life and quality of care improvements. This can be achieved through continuous monitoring of patients' physiological functions using wearable non-invasive biomedical sensors. The remote collection and processing of such data can then be used to provide rapid medical response if a problem is detected or to offer preventive measures. However, the integration of wearable sensors into wider-scale framework is still a major challenge, as real-time data collection and remote configuration capabilities must be integrated to strongly constrained devices. Here, we show how such requirements can be integrated into a multiparameter, cardiorespiratory wearable sensor and how this sensor can be integrated into wide-scale Internet-based frameworks. We thus manufactured a biomedical-grade heart rate, instantaneous heart-rate variability and respiratory sensor. The sensor was tested in real life ambulatory condition, and we showed an Internet-based proof of concept exhibiting the integration of our sensor into wide-scale healthcare frameworks. Finally, we anticipate that wearable healthcare will greatly improve patients' quality-of-life by using IoT-based wearable devices similar to the sensor developed in this paper.

Recent developments in personal and mobile healthcare have shown promising results in term of patients' quality of life and quality of care improvements. This can be achieved through continuous monitoring of patients' physiological functions using wearable non-invasive biomedical sensors. The remote collection and processing of such data can then be used to provide rapid medical response if a problem is detected or to offer preventive measures. However, the integration of wearable sensors into wider-scale framework is still a major challenge, as real-time data collection and remote configuration capabilities must be integrated to strongly constrained devices. Here, we show how such requirements can be integrated into a multiparameter, cardiorespiratory wearable sensor and how this sensor can be integrated into wide-scale Internet-based frameworks. We thus manufactured a biomedical-grade heart rate, instantaneous heart-rate variability and respiratory sensor. The sensor was tested in real life ambulatory condition, and we showed an Internet-based proof of concept exhibiting the integration of our sensor into wide-scale healthcare frameworks. Finally, we anticipate that wearable healthcare will greatly improve patients' quality-of-life by using IoT-based wearable devices similar to the sensor developed in this paper.

Wearable inertial sensors have been widely investigated for fall risk assessment and prediction in older adults. However, heterogeneity in published studies in terms of sensor location, task assessed and features extracted is high, making challenging evidence-based design of new studies and/or real-life applications. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to appraise the best available evidence in the field. Namely, we applied established statistical methods for the analysis of categorical data to identify optimal combinations of sensor locations, tasks, and feature categories. We also conducted a meta-analysis on sensor-based features to identify a set of significant features and their pivot values. The results demonstrated that with a walking test, the most effective feature to assess the risk of falling was the velocity with the sensor placed on the shins. Conversely, during quite standing, linear acceleration measured at the lower back was the most effective combination of feature-placement. Similarly, during the sit-to-stand and/or the stand-to-sit tests, linear acceleration measured at the lower back seems to be the most effective feature-placement combination. The meta-analysis demonstrated that four features resulted significantly higher in fallers: the root-mean-square acceleration in the mediolateral direction during quiet standing with eyes closed [Mean Difference (MD): 0.01 g; 95% Confidence Interval (CI95%): 0.006 to 0.014]; the number of steps (MD: 1.638 steps; CI95%: 0.384 to 2.892) and total time (MD: 2.274 seconds; CI95%: 0.531 to 4.017) to complete the timed up and go test; and the step time (MD: 0.053; CI95%: 0.012 to 0.095; p = 0.01) during walking.