Throughput prediction in cellular networks has garnered considerable interest in recent years due to its demonstrated positive impact on quality of experience. Existing proposals operate by having each user device make its own predictions, in a standalone manner, on the basis of its local measurements. Our hypothesis is that pooling of device measurements in a collaborative way can yield more accurate predictions, by allowing a broader set of observations from within a cell to be combined. To this end, we identify shortcomings in existing datasets, and then present our collaborative approach, along with an extensive evaluation. When compared to operating standalone, the results show a reduction in prediction error of up to 66% for users that have been inactive, and up to 17% for active users.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has transitioned from a uniformly fatal disease to a treatable condition, yet incomplete neuromuscular recovery underscores the limits of current SMN-restorative therapies. Emerging data implicate disrupted axon-to-muscle exosomal signaling as an important, overlooked driver of residual dysfunction. Exosomes, nanovesicles mediating bidirectional neuronal-muscular communication, carry synaptic organizers, trophic factors, and microRNAs essential for neuromuscular junction integrity. SMN deficiency alters exosomal biogenesis and cargo, leading to loss of agrin-MuSK signaling, impaired β-actin transport, and muscle atrophy. Comparative insights from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and muscular dystrophy reveal that stem-cell-derived or engineered exosomes restore synaptic stability, enhance regeneration, and cross biological barriers safely. Thus, we speculate herein on a translational model integrating exosome-based therapies with existing genetic interventions to achieve durable, systems-level recovery in SMA. Exosomal profiling may further yield minimally invasive biomarkers for disease monitoring and treatment optimization, establishing vesicle-mediated communication as a novel therapeutic axis in neuromuscular medicine.

Abstract The term "predatory journals" is widely used to describe publishing practices that exploit authors, compromise research quality, and mislead readers. Its use, however, has frequently led to legal threats and professional conflicts for individuals and institutions who call out such deceptive practices.  Most notably, Jeffrey Beall, the creator of Beall’s List, faced legal threats and personal harassment, which ultimately led him to discontinue his work. To address these challenges, scholars have proposed replacing “predatory journals” with more neutral alternatives, such as “questionable journals”. This study recommends using the term “non-recommended journals,” which similarly avoids accusatory language while signaling the need for caution by scholars and institutions. By avoiding direct allegations of unethical conduct, the term "non-recommended" reduces the likelihood of legal repercussions and professional disputes. Adopting this terminology enables researchers and institutions to continue addressing concerns about low-quality or deceptive publishing practices while fostering a more constructive dialogue. This reframing encourages constructive dialogue, broader institutional engagement, and stronger collective efforts to uphold high ethical publishing standards and protect academic integrity. Introduction Since the 1990s, scholarly publishing has undergone a significant transformation from a subscription-based print model to a digital, open-access framework [1]. However, this shift has been accompanied by the rise of unethical and deceptive publishing practices [2]. Predatory journals, typically operating on a ‘pay-to-publish’ model, exploit the open-access system primarily for financial gain, prioritizing profit for their editor–owners rather than maintaining scholarly integrity [3]. In 2019, a panel of scholars and publishers from ten countries established a consensus definition of predatory publishing aimed at protecting the integrity of scholarly communication. According to this definition, predatory journals and publishers are “Entities that prioritize self-interest at the expense of scholarship and are characterized by false or misleading information, deviation from best editorial and publication practices, a lack of transparency, and/or the use of aggressive and indiscriminate solicitation practices” [4]. Such journals often employ unethical practices, including persistent and unsolicited requests for submissions, inadequate or entirely absent peer review despite claims to conduct it, opaque or excessive publication charges, and poor editorial or technical standards. Most importantly, their failure to ensure rigorous peer review threatens the credibility and trustworthiness of the scientific record [4]. The impact of these journals extends across a broad spectrum of researchers, affecting not only readers and early-career, inexperienced, or uninformed scholars, particularly those from developing nations and high- to upper middle-income countries, but also well-established academicians [5,6]. In response, various blacklists, whitelists, and institutional guidelines have been developed to help researchers identify these journals. The continued use of the term "predatory journals" has created conflicts and legal challenges for individuals and organizations addressing these practices. Jeffrey Beall, a librarian at the University of Colorado, curated "Beall's List," a compilation of potential predatory open-access publishers [3]. In 2013, the OMICS Publishing Group, featured on this list, threatened Beall with a 1 billion $ defamation lawsuit, leading him to feel "personally threatened" [7].  Similarly, the Canadian Center of Science and Education accused him of defamation, labeling his list as "actionable libel" and challenging his recommendations against engaging with certain publishers [3]. Importantly, Beall faced online harassment, including websites that attacked his character, labeling him an "academic terrorist" and making unfounded personal accusations [8]. Institutions such as the University of Montreal and initiatives like Cabells Predatory Reports have also faced lawsuits and threats. To mitigate these conflicts, we support the proposal of Kakamad et al. in the 18th general assembly of the European Association of Science Editors (EASE) to replace the term "predatory journals" with "non-recommended journals" [9]. In this article, we examine the historical and linguistic evolution of the term “predatory”, evaluating its institutional and ethical implications, and propose “non-recommended” journals as a pragmatic and defensible alternative. By analyzing the trajectory of terminology and policy responses, we argue that adopting more neutral language can help to protect academic integrity while reducing legal and reputational risks. The Evolution of "Predatory": From Plunder to Modern Exploitation The term "predatory" is deeply associated with exploitation and harm, evolving from its original meaning of physical plundering to its modern usage across various domains, including finance, publishing, and interpersonal interactions. The word "predatory" originates from the Latin "praedator," meaning "plunderer," which comes from "praedare" ("to plunder") and "praeda" ("prey"). Its earliest documented use in English dates to the late 1580s, describing acts of plundering or pillaging. This establishes its historical link to aggressive acquisition and territorial violation. By the 1660s, the term extended to zoology, describing animals that "habitually prey upon other animals." This shift expanded its meaning beyond human acts of looting to natural behaviors in the animal kingdom [10, 11]. The related term "predation" first appeared in the late 15th century as "predacioun," meaning "act of plundering," from the Latin "praedationem" ("a plundering") and "praedari" ("to rob"). The word "predator," specifically referring to an animal that preys on others, entered English in 1862. This relatively late adoption suggests a growing interest in the scientific study of animal behavior. Wiktionary traces "predator" back to the Latin "praedātor," meaning "loot" or "pillage." The word "prey" has an equally long history, dating to the mid-13th century as "preie," meaning "animal hunted for food." It was also used metaphorically to describe "souls captured by Satan" or "goods taken in war," stemming from the Old French "preie" and Latin "praeda," meaning "booty" or "game hunted." This linguistic evolution reinforces the concept of exploitation inherent in the term "predatory" [11, 12] In modern times, "predatory" has expanded to describe unethical or exploitative practices in multiple fields. "Predatory lending" refers to abusive loan terms imposed on vulnerable borrowers, while "predatory pricing" describes pricing strategies intended to eliminate competition. Vocabulary.com defines a predator as "an animal that eats other animals, or people or companies who act like they do," illustrating its figurative application [13, 14]. One of the most significant contemporary uses of "predatory" is in academic publishing. Initially coined by Beall in 2010 [15,16]. Tracing the Origins of Predatory Publishing The issue of what is now recognized as predatory publishing was first addressed as early as 2008. For instance, Gunther Eysenbach wrote a blog post [17], and Katharine Sanderson published an article [18], both discussing the prevalence of low-quality and potentially fraudulent publishing practices. They described such publishers using terms like "black sheep among open-access publishers" [17,18]. Beall’s early works on predatory publishing, all published in the Charleston Advisor, examined and analyzed several publishers. Of the 18 publishers discussed, only one was not categorized as predatory. In his first paper [19], Beall focused on Bentham Open, detailing its practices, such as charging membership and article processing fees, indexing methods, and search functionality on its website. He pointed out that Bentham Open published 236 journals, most of which featured articles that Beall deemed of low quality, suggesting they would likely not have been accepted by higher-tier journals. Because the journals were less than three years old, none yet had an impact factor. Beall concluded that Bentham Open, which entered scholarly publishing in 2007, primarily served as a platform for disseminating research of dubious quality. He argued that the publisher exploited the open access model for financial gain and inundated the scholarly community with substandard and questionable research [19]. In April 2010, Beall published another article, marking the first instance where he introduced the term "predatory" in a scholarly context. This article examined an additional nine publishers, with publication fees varying between $99.95 and $1,699. However, due to the differing pricing structures, direct comparison across all publishers was challenging and four of the nine publishers did not disclose their fees. Each publisher was assessed based on four criteria: Content, User Interface/Searchability, Pricing, and Contract Options. In this article, Beall highlighted that he was not the only one recognizing this emerging trend in academic publishing. He referred to prominent figures in the open access movement, including Stevan Harnad, who had also begun to criticize its implications. Beall cited Harnad’s blog, which discussed the increasing prevalence of rapidly established gold open-access journal networks. These journals often lack substantial scholarly or publishing expertise and primarily rely on aggressive online solicitation [20, 21]. In 2010, Beall published another paper analyzing three additional predatory publishers [22]. Then, in 2012, he expanded his investigation to include five more publishers. Of these, Beall identified four as predatory, while one was deemed legitimate [23]. These four studies collectively examined 18

Classical models of cancer focus on tumour-intrinsic genetic aberrations and immune dynamics and often overlook how the metabolic environment of healthy tissues shapes tumour development and immune efficacy. Here, we propose that tissue-intrinsic metabolic intensity and waste-handling capacity act as an upstream gatekeeper of anti-tumour immunity, determining whether immune infiltration translates into effective immune function and safeguards the tissue from tumourigenesis. Across human cancers, tumours arising in high-metabolism tissues – like kidney, brain, and eye – tend to show high T cell infiltration but poor prognosis, suggesting pre-existing metabolic environments prior to malignant transformation may undermine immune function. This pattern is mirrored across species: large mammals with lower mass-specific metabolic rates (e.g., elephants, whales) accumulate fewer metabolic byproducts and show lower cancer incidence (Peto’s paradox), while long-lived small mammals like bats and naked mole-rats resist tumourigenesis via suppressed glycolysis or altered hypoxia responses leading to lower metabolic rates and/or byproduct accumulation. Through integrative synthesis spanning human single-cell expression data and cross-species comparisons, we outline a framework of “immunometabolic gatekeeping,” where tissues with high metabolic rate and poor waste clearance foster immune-exhausting niches even before transformation. This unifying framework reconciles multiple paradoxes in cancer biology: Peto’s paradox, T cell infiltration non-prognosticity, tissue tropisms, sex-based inequalities, and size-based tipping points (e.g., the 3 cm rule in ccRCC), and suggests new principles for identifying high-risk patients and metabolic-immune combination strategies for prevention and treatment. By shifting focus from tumour-intrinsic mutations to host-tissue metabolism, this work offers a novel, integrative lens on cancer vulnerability and immune failure.

This paper presents a methodological approach for integrating heterogeneous tourism data into a unified spatiotemporal analytical framework. By combining business intelligence, geospatial processing, and machine learning techniques, the proposed system enables a predictive and spatially aware analysis of tourist behavior. The approach is evaluated through a case study from Sarajevo Canton and demonstrates how fragmented data sources, temporal, spatial, and behavioral, can be semantically aligned to support strategic decision-making in tourism. Although the accuracy of the predictive model is constrained by data limitations, the integrated architecture reveals patterns in tourist flows and spatial clustering that are not captured by traditional methods. The main contribution lies in establishing a generalizable analytical approach to tourism intelligence, bridging data silos, and improving the analytical capabilities of destination management systems.

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is a significant lack of research combining Artificial Intelligence (AI), Business Intelligence (BI), and geospatial analysis in tourism planning. This paper aims to fill that gap by demonstrating the integration of these technologies applied to spatial data in order to analyze tourist movement patterns. Spatial data processing was performed using QGIS (Quantum Geographic Information System), an open-source Geographic Information System (GIS), while Python was used to apply clustering algorithms on the data points. The resulting insights are visualized clearly through Power BI dashboards for better interpretability. This approach allows for understanding the relationship between tourists' routes and the proximity of hotels and museums. By combining AI, BI, and spatial data, more effective tourism planning can be achieved, helping to maintain well-organized and sustainable destinations.

Non-aqueous rechargeable metal-air batteries are very attractive for energy storage due to their high theoretical specific energies compared to state-of-the art Li-ion batteries. While Li-O 2 batteries are often seen as the primary alternative, Na-O 2 cells offer advantages over their lithium counterparts due to more reversible chemistry. Since the (electro)chemistry of this system is still in its infancy, one aspect we address is the stability of the aprotic electrolytes due to the high oxidation and reduction potentials in the operating environment. There is intrinsic disparity in understanding the interfaces at atomic/molecular level in organic-based solvents. This is partly due to the previously used poorly defined, polycrystalline, and/or high-surface area electrode materials in organic electrolytes containing trace levels of impurities. By employing electrochemical and in situ surface characterization methods on well-defined metal single crystal surfaces, we establish the stability range and reveal the decomposition products. Additionally, we demonstrate the impact of impurities on interfacial properties in organic environments, adding another piece to the overall understanding of selected aprotic electrolyte stability. We believe that this fundamental insight provides a pathway for the rational design of stable organic electrolytes, which are essential for the development of high-capacity sodium-air batteries. ___________________ The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan. http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan

Shared administration – EU migration agencies – The European Border and Coast Guard Agency Frontex – European Integrated Border Management and responsibility gaps – Unclear division of obligations in Frontex’s mandate – EU composite legal order and limits of EU judicial remedies – National courts and the right to effective judicial protection under Article 19(1) TEU and Article 47 Charter – Domestic judges as European judges – Advantages and potential of domestic remedies in multi-actor situations – Importance of preliminary references in shared administration– Domestic adjudication of human rights violations in European Integrated Border Management – Adjudication on member state responsibility – Adjudication on individual responsibility – Strengthening domestic judicial systems.

The indoor environment of buildings is of fundamental importance for the health of people and other living organisms residing in them. From this perspective, key factors include indoor temperature, relative humidity and the concentration of CO2 or other pollutants. These healthy indoor conditions are typically maintained through functional heating and ventilation systems. However, in the case of indoor humidity, increasing moisture levels when they are low can be relatively challenging. There are more energy-efficient solutions that can be combined with ventilation systems. These include, for example, placing plants and green walls in the interior, which have a significant impact not only on microclimatic and acoustic conditions of the interior, but also on the overall psychological well-being of occupants. Green elements contribute to the effective regulation of CO2 and certain other harmful substances within the indoor environment. Another possible solution involves the use of sorption-active materials in the form of cladding panels—elements capable of functioning as indoor regulators, i.e., absorbing moisture and releasing it back into the indoor environment when necessary. This study investigates the moisture behavior of natural composites based on montmorillonite clay and straw fibers, as well as their possible integration with green elements to create healthy indoor conditions for their inhabitants. The developed clay composite can be classified as water and steam absorption class WSIII according to DIN 18948—the moisture buffering capacity value was 152.73 g/m2 after 12 h. Based on the research results, it can be stated that these composites could serve as interior cladding elements in synergy with green elements (Chlorophytum comosum, Epipremnum aureum), ideally regulating the indoor microclimatic conditions, especially as an effective solution for short-term humidity changes. The maximum difference in relative humidity between the reference testing chamber (without green elements and clay plates) and the chamber containing plant Chlorophytum comosum and three clay composite plates was 23.04%.

This article explores the robustness and explainability of a convolutional neural network-based fault detection method for medium-voltage circuit breakers. The robustness is analysed by evaluating the method's performance under the presence of stationary and non-stationary disturbances in the vibration signature. Additionally, the impact of sensor ageing on performance indices is investigated to assess long-term reliability. Since the condition assessment method is focused on binary classification, the detection outcome interpretation aspect is addressed by providing recommendations for operator or autonomous system actions. Both aspects are demonstrated using datasets collected from real-world medium-voltage circuit breakers.

The aim of this research was to determine the connection between body composition and explosive power of the lower extremities in top karate players, representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to identify the differences between men and women in these parameters. Correlation analysis was performed between body composition variables and lower extremity explosive strength, with additional use of independent samples t-test to examine gender differences. The results showed a significant positive correlation between body mass, muscle mass, total amount of water and jump height, while the percentage of fat tissue had a negative correlation with jump height. Also, significant gender differences were identified in variables such as fat tissue percentage (.004), muscle mass (.000), total water volume (.000) and jump height (.000), with men achieving better results. These differences indicate that body composition and explosive power are key factors in karate and highlight the need to adapt training and nutritional strategies to gender specificities in order to optimize results.

Brachial artery endothelial function, measured by the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) technique, serves as a surrogate for coronary endothelial function and is recognized as an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. Despite the known benefits of physical exercise interventions (PEI) in improving endothelial function, limited evidence exists to guide practitioners on the most effective form of PEI for enhancing endothelial function. The aim of this article is to investigate the effects of different PEI modalities on brachial artery FMD, and to establish the most effective PEI through a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA). PubMed, WoS, CINAHL, EMBASE, CENTRAL and EBSCOhost search was conducted from inception to February 20th, 2025. Randomized controlled studies investigating the effects of PEI on brachial artery FMD in adults were included. Both pairwise and Bayesian NMA were conducted using random-effects model to compare different PEI modalities within primary (aerobic training, resistance training and combined training) and secondary (continuous aerobic training vs. interval aerobic training vs. dynamic resistance training vs. combined training) categorizations. The PEI effectiveness was ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). In total, 84 studies with 3596 participants (43% females, 51.9 ± 15.1 years of age) were included in the analysis. Summarized evidence of 119 effect sizes through pairwise comparisons showed improvement in FMD (mean difference [MD], 2.24%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.90–2.58, p < 0.001) following different PEI, without difference between magnitude of the effect between healthy and asymptomatic individuals (Q, 1.27, p = 0.260). As shown in the NMA, the rank order within a primary classification showed aerobic training as the most effective (SUCRA: 89.8%, MD, 2.37%, 95% credible interval [CrI] 1.95–2.80) followed by resistance training (SUCRA: 66.0%, MD, 2.07%, 95% CrI, 1.34–2.79), and combined (aerobic and resistance) training (SUCRA: 44.1%, MD, 1.67%, 95% CrI, 0.73–2.6). Secondary NMA identified interval aerobic training as the most effective (SUCRA: 99.1%, MD, 3.07%, 95% CrI, 1.37–3.76), which showed to be more effective than continuous aerobic training (MD, 1.08%), dynamic resistance training (MD, 1.04%), and combined training (MD, 1.36%). Moreover, a negative association was found between FMD improvement and both intervention duration and overall training load, while positive associations were observed with weekly training frequency, single session duration, and weekly training duration. Various PEI modalities have demonstrated effectiveness in improving brachial artery FMD, with interval aerobic exercises of higher intensities emerging as the most effective based on current evidence, followed by dynamic resistance training, continuous aerobic training and combined training. These findings have significant implications for informing future exercise guidelines aimed at both prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfunction. The study protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO online registry: ID: CRD42023453202 In this meta-analysis of 84 randomized controlled trials, physical exercise interventions (PEIs) in general significantly increased brachial artery endothelial function measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) technique in the adult population. This large-scale systematic review and network meta-analysis showed that aerobic training, resistance training and combined training are all effective in enhancing brachial artery FMD. Although various PEIs have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing brachial artery FMD, interval aerobic exercises of higher intensities are emerging as the most effective based on current evidence. The findings from network meta-regression analyses suggest that greater improvements following PEI can be achieved by increasing the duration of acute stimuli (an additional half-hour of training = 0.80% increase in FMD) and weekly training exposure (an additional two and a half hours of training on weekly basis = 0.50% increase in FMD). In this meta-analysis of 84 randomized controlled trials, physical exercise interventions (PEIs) in general significantly increased brachial artery endothelial function measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) technique in the adult population. This large-scale systematic review and network meta-analysis showed that aerobic training, resistance training and combined training are all effective in enhancing brachial artery FMD. Although various PEIs have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing brachial artery FMD, interval aerobic exercises of higher intensities are emerging as the most effective based on current evidence. The findings from network meta-regression analyses suggest that greater improvements following PEI can be achieved by increasing the duration of acute stimuli (an additional half-hour of training = 0.80% increase in FMD) and weekly training exposure (an additional two and a half hours of training on weekly basis = 0.50% increase in FMD).

Stress is an integral component of modern sport and has a significant impact on athletes’ physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning. The aim of this review paper is to analyze existing literature on the effects of stress on sports performance, the underlying mechanisms through which stress operates, and potential strategies for mitigating its negative effects. Research findings indicate that stress may have both positive and negative consequences for athletic performance, depending on individual athlete characteristics, situational perception, and coping strategies. A proper understanding and effective management of stress can contribute to performance enhancement, burnout prevention, and the preservation of athletes’ mental health.

We consider the adaptive control problem for discrete-time, nonlinear stochastic systems with linearly parameterised uncertainty. Assuming access to a parameterised family of controllers that can stabilise the system in a bounded set within an informative region of the state space when the parameter is well-chosen, we propose a certainty equivalence learning-based adaptive control strategy, and subsequently derive stability bounds on the closed-loop system that hold for some probabilities. We then show that if the entire state space is informative, and the family of controllers is globally stabilising with appropriately chosen parameters, high probability stability guarantees can be derived.

Abstract This paper explores the role of external actors in the establishment and sustainability of power-sharing arrangements in post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina and Northern Ireland. It examines the actions and strategies of international and kin-state actors in the first decade following the peace agreements in both regions. The study highlights the contrasting outcomes: the lack of local buy-in and dependency syndrome in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the relative success and cooperation in Northern Ireland. By analyzing the circumstances leading to the agreements, the institutional and structural differences, and the strategies employed by external actors, the paper provides insights into the factors that influence the effectiveness of power-sharing mechanisms. The findings underscore the importance of local elite buy-in, the impact of federalism and consociationalism, and the critical role of external actors in shaping post-conflict governance. The paper concludes with lessons learned and implications for future peacebuilding efforts in divided societies.