Post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina remains a society in which ethno-nationalist rhetoric and war memories permeate public discourse. This paper investigates the use of metaphors in media texts written in English and the Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian language on the topic of ‘two schools under one roof’. Writing about this peculiar construct within the country’s educational system tackles socio-political factors and their effects on the provision of primary and second-ary education. We describe how metaphors as cognitive devices are used to portray educational developments in this post-conflict country and the effects of their use on recipients. The paper points out cases of deliberate metaphor use, which influences recipients’ perspectives on the topic at hand. Keywords: conceptual metaphor; deliberate metaphor; segregation; MIPVU.

Abstract The paper focuses on analyzing key factors influencing the effectiveness of internal audit in the public sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Through multiple regression analysis (Ordinary Least Squares-OLS), the impact of five independent variables (competence of internal auditors, size of internal audit department, relationship between internal and external auditors, management support for internal audit, and independence of internal auditors), two control variables (organization’s sector and total number of employees in the organization), on the dependent variable (effectiveness of internal audit) was measured. Research results indicate that a significant portion (.2 = 45.00%, Adj .2 = 40.90%) of the variability in the effectiveness of internal audit can be explained by the variability of the five independent variables in the model. The largest positive impact on the effectiveness of internal audit is attributed to the size of the internal audit department and the independence of internal auditors. Conversely, management support for internal audit had the least impact, which contradicts our predictions and the results of previous research. The limited impact of management support on the effectiveness of internal audit in the public sector of BiH may stem from a lack of understanding regarding the role and importance of internal audit, as well as from perceiving it as merely a formal legal requirement without substantial value.

In this article we investigate topography and electrical properties of potassium blue bronze thin films by the means of atomic force microscopy. Thin films were prepared by pulsed laser depositions on two types of substrates (Al2O3 and SrTiO3) at different substrate temperatures and partial oxygen pressures. On the basis of topography measurements, granular nature of the films was revealed. Surface roughness, as well as the size and the orientation of grains was determined. Films deposited on SrTiO3 substrates are quite homogeneous and the grains display ordering in preferential directions. Films on Al2O3 contain randomly oriented grains. Roughness of the films increases with the increase of the deposition temperature. Electrical measurements provided qualitative information regarding the electrical properties of the films.

Abstract Current literature on the privacy paradox in personalised advertising lacks insight into how consumers’ knowledge of the data types used shapes their responses to these ads. Building on privacy calculus theory, theory of reasoned action, and signalling theory, this research explores how consumers’ knowledge of data types in personalised advertising influences their reactions. Multigroup path analysis examines differences in established relationships based on consumers’ data knowledge. The moderating effect of this knowledge in the relationship between perceived invasiveness and purchase intentions is also tested. Findings from a sample of millennials indicate that privacy concerns increase perceived invasiveness. However, multigroup and moderation analyses reveal that perceived invasiveness’ impact on purchase intentions varies with consumers’ data knowledge. Specifically, in the search history group, perceived intrusiveness negatively affects purchase intentions. These results underscore the situation-specific nature of the privacy calculus and assist advertisers in understanding consumer behaviour in response to personalised ads.

SUMMARY The aim of this research was to examine the rheological parameters of carotid arteries and the frequency of abnormal values in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). The sample consisted of 90 subjects and was divided into two equal groups. The first group consisted of patients with MetS but without DM, while the second group had both MetS and DM. We used the values of the peak systolic velocity (PSV) as a reference for pathology. The results showed pathological values of PSV in the right internal carotid artery (ICA) in twelve patients in the MetS + DM group. The study found that the incidence of pathological rheological parameters was higher in subjects with MetS + DM as compared to those with only MetS. Subjects with MetS + DM had higher values of maximum acceleration during systole in various carotid arteries. A subject with MetS + DM also showed total flow obstruction in the left and internal carotid artery (ICA) and a severe narrowing of the right ICA, indicating the presence of carotid artery disease. The study also found that nearly two-thirds of subjects with MetS + DM had pathological values of PSV in the right ICA and slightly fewer in the left ICA. Research on French populations has shown similar results. Eleven patients had pathological values in the left ICA. The frequency of the carotid rheological parameters’ abnormalities was significantly higher in the MetS with DM patient group. The frequency of abnormalities in the rheological parameters of carotid circulation was significantly higher in patients with MetS and DM (as compared to non-diabetic patients). In our study, pathological changes were generally more susceptible to ICA. This indicates the importance of screening the rheological parameters of subjects with MetS for the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease.

Languages do not operate in isolation; rather, they evolve in continuous contact with other languages. This contact and resultant lexical borrowing can lead to minor or substantial changes in the vocabulary of the recipient language. This quantitative study aims to analyze how bor-rowing from the English language affects the formation of new verbs in the Bosnian language (verbal Anglicisms) and which suffixes in the Bosnian language (between -ova-, -a-, -ira-) are most often used to form new verbs. Additionally, the aim is to explore the frequency of use and the level of knowledge of the meaning of verbal Anglicisms. The study was conducted on 345 participants, i.e. both male and female high school students from Bosnia Herzegovina. The results indicate that verbal Anglicisms with the suffix -a- are the most often used group of verbal Anglicisms and that this preference is a result of the nature and origin of those Angli-cisms (mostly IT-related) and is not related to the linguistic nature of the Bosnian language. Furthermore, it was shown that knowledge of the original form of verbal Anglicisms affects the level of their use, and that level of use of these Anglicisms is influenced by the EL GPA and medium of instruction of the respondents, while gender, grade level, and experience of travel-ing to English-speaking countries are not significant factors in the extent of usage of these An-glicisms. Further investigation is proposed to broaden the scope of the present research in different settings and among various study groups. Keywords: Anglicisms; borrowing; language; high school students; verb.

SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to assess mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) in Bosnian and Herzegovinian patients with heart failure (HF). This study included 80 patients with HF and 40 healthy controls. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) testing was used to evaluate cognitive function. Abdominal obesity was assessed by waist circumference, and hypertension was assessed by the auscultatory method. Data on other CMRF and comorbidities, such as diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, and atrial fibrillation (AF), were gathered with a specially designed questionnaire. Lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen were assessed with standard laboratory methods. Student, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests were used to determine significant differences between groups. Associations between categorical variables and correlation coefficients were assessed by the Chi-square and Spearman test, respectively. The prevalence of MCI in patients with HF was 77.5%. We found significant associations between MCI and diabetes, hypertension, AF, and smoking in patients with HF. We found no significant associations between MCI, abdominal obesity, and alcohol consumption. A significant positive correlation between MCI and total cholesterol was observed in patients with HF. Furthermore, a lower MoCA score was associated with higher values of CRP and fibrinogen in HF patients. The present study showed a high prevalence of MCI in Bosnian and Herzegovinian HF patients as well as its association with various CMRFs. These results suggest it is necessary to begin MCI screening in HF patients, especially since data from the literature point to improvement in cognitive performance with appropriate HF and concomitant CMRF treatment.

SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in exfoliation syndrome (XFS), present unilaterally, using optical coherence tomography (OCT). This prospective study included 90 examinees with unilateral syndrome. However, examinees with higher intraocular pressure or findings implicative of glaucoma were excluded from the study, as well as examinees with optic nerve changes. In individuals with unilateral XFS, OCT findings were compared between the two groups: the affected eye group and the fellow eye group. The study results show that the average thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, especially in the inferior and superior quadrants, has not resulted in visual field defects in examinees with unilateral XFS. In the group of eyes without XFS, 85.55% exhibited reference inferior quadrant thickness values, and 91.11% exhibited reference superior quadrant thickness values. In the group of eyes with manifest XFS, 82.22% exhibited reference inferior quadrant thickness values, and 88.88% exhibited reference superior quadrant thickness values. Most examinees in both groups had normal average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (72.22%). In examinees with clinically unilateral XFS, RNFL thinning occurs in both eyes before XFS becomes bilateral and before hypertensive intraocular pressure can be measured.

The favorable characteristics of veneer boards—plywood—enable their wide application. There is also the possibility of enhancing plywood, such as by coating it with various films, applying coatings, reinforcing it with fibers from different materials, and using improved adhesive formulas. Basalt fibers, as a natural and environmentally friendly material, are used in various forms with quite good characteristics. Results from various tests conducted in recent years indicate an improvement in the mechanical properties of composite boards, including plywood reinforced with fibers like basalt fibers. These tests were focused on determining the position and contribution of basalt fibers in the board’s structure, as well as the application of certain environmentally friendly adhesives. For this study, samples of composite material based on wood, specifically plywood reinforced with a basalt mesh, were prepared. The basalt mesh was placed within the plywood structure in various combinations of position and amount. Subsequently, a three-point bending strength test was conducted to determine the impact of the basalt mesh on the strength of the plywood. The increase in strength opens up possibilities for expanded use, material savings, and a reduction in the overall weight of the structure, which is crucial in certain applications of such boards.

SUMMARY Our study aimed to analyze the correlation of cancer-related parameters with tumor regression grade (TRG) and disease-free survival (DFS) by gender in 192 rectal cancer patients operated on after neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT). Preoperative diagnostics revealed no significant gender differences in any clinical parameters other than obesity (p=0.031). We found that slightly overweight men had a lower incidence of distant metastases (p=0.042). The post-LCCRT pathologic finding showed that women had more positive lymph nodes (ypN, p=0.002) while no other pathologic parameter differed significantly between the genders. Overall, a poor response to therapy correlated with a shorter time to disease progression (p=0.002). Women achieved ypN0 in 50% of cases, but only 27% had a good TRG compared to 40.5% of men (p=0.073). Women had a worse DFS than men, even when complete response to therapy was achieved (p=0.003), and greater depth of residual tumor invasion (ypT, p=0.035) and higher ypN (p=0.002) correlated with shorter DFS. Positive resection margins (p<0.001), higher ypN stage (p=0.003), and poor TRG (p=0.025) correlated with shorter DFS in men. We conclude that women have a poorer response to LCCRT with the possibility that therapeutic approach to the neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer may be gender-specific.

Hydropower is the world's most exploited renewable energy source. It provides a substantial, flexible, and reliable source of renewable energy, complementing other renewables like solar and wind power. Besides conventional hydropower potentials and technologies, the development of technologies for the exploitation of hidden hydropower potentials is an ongoing process. This paper presents the current state of hidden hydropower technologies and links them with possible applications in different hydropower potentials. Technologies and potential applications are structured within three main groups (pressurized systems, hydro storage, unpressurized systems), with their mutual interconnections analysed and displayed throughout the paper. The opportunity for the application of hidden hydropower technologies in different roles within the energy system is recognized through the concepts of off- and on-grid roles, the prosumer concept, and on-site measurement powering. This paper shows that hidden hydropower technologies could emerge as significant contributors to a smoother energy transition, especially with the prosumer and off-grid concepts.

Floating Modular Energy Islands (FMEIs) are modularized, interconnected floating structures that function together to produce, store, possibly convert and transport renewable energy. Recent technological advancements in the offshore energy sector indicate that the concept of floating offshore energy islands has the potential to become more cost-effective and more widespread than previously anticipated. This review is specifically meant as a basis for the development of new approaches to the sustainable exploitation of multi-energy sources in the offshore environment leveraging the know-how of existing technologies and, at the same time, exploring new solutions for the specific challenges of FMEIs. The paper critically analyzes the current state of data-driven approaches and structural health monitoring techniques in the offshore energy sector. It also covers topics such as met-ocean data, loads estimation, platform dynamics, coupling actions, nonlinear dynamics of mooring lines, modelling considerations, and control of electrical subsystems. It is believed that this systematic and multidisciplinary review will facilitate synergies and further enhance research and development of offshore renewable energies.