During surgery, surgeons must identify vital anatomical structures (nerves and lymph nodes) to prevent damage. Correct identification remains enormously challenging and surgeons require high-tech intra-operative imaging. Our team worked on developing a demonstrator of H3D-VISIOnAiR that enables visualizing the invisible by combining a commercial spectral + RGB camera, advanced image analytics and near eye display. Tests were performed with a simulated surgical task consisting of positioning beads in a nailbed with very low contrast. The results show proof of concept by real-time 2D high-resolution image acquisition, processing of hyperspectral images and displaying augmented reality overlay of processed hyperspectral images.

Pinus heldreichii (Bosnian pine) is a Balkan-Apennine endemic and relict pine species that inhabits high mountains in the Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean regions. Nineteen populations of P. heldreichii from the Western Balkans encompassing 187 individual trees were examined to evaluate morphological variation, a rarely studied aspect of the species. Univariate and multivariate statistics were applied in order to assess the variation of morphological traits of cones and seeds, evaluate the relationships among the sampled populations and verify geographic differentiation in the Dinaric Alps versus Scardo-Pindic mountains. The observations of P. heldreichii covering the populations from the western margins and the centre of the species distribution range indicated a morphological variation among populations and their geographic structure. In general, the southern populations (Scardo-Pindic group) had lower values for the most of morphological traits than the northern ones (Dinaric group). The observed geographic differences between these populations exhibit a north-western to south-eastern gradient, with a few inconsistencies. The southernmost sampled population, Tomorr in Albania, showed remarkable morphological divergence from the other studied populations and appeared to be a distinct morphological group. The pattern of morphological variation in Bosnian pine most likely resulted from multiple effects of long-term isolation and fragmentation in high mountain systems, adaptation to extreme environments and human disturbances.

The idea for establishing this kind of publication, named as “EFMI Inside” Newsletter was born in Lyon in August 2019, during “MEDINFO 2019” Conference and EFMI Council meeting, when Catherine Chronaki, Izet Masic, Arriel Benis, Paris Gallos, Lacramiora Stoicu-Tivadar, Alfred Winter and some other EFMI friends discussed and concluded to start with some kind of magazine in which we can record important and prompt facts and information about past, current and future activities of the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) available for readers worldwide online and in print. EFMI has other types of spreading information about important facts of its activities, such as “Reports”, addressing mostly EFMI Council members, presented by national representatives and working group chairs in EFMI. This publication will be an important and useful resource of EFMI and its activities for everybody who wants to be familiar with Medical informatics development and achievements in all areas of this academic and scientific discipline in European countries, but also, worldwide. In the first issue of of “EFMI Inside” readers can find contributions of influential medical informatics persons, former or current EFMI Council members: Presidents or Chairs of Working Groups, Honorary Fellows, and other EFMI members who were actively involved in the development of Medical informatics in their countries, but also worldwide. A lot of facts and stories “inside” EFMI are shared for the first time in this newsletter, to look back and think about the future of Medical Informatics in a rapidly changing world. All suggestions and new ideas for the next issues will be appreciated.

This article aims to provide information on the level of application of cost and management accounting practices in the budget-funded organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter B&H) and the usefulness of these practices in the performance measurement in the B&H public sector. Namely, the current budget accounting system in B&H does not provide measurement and reporting on efficiency, effectiveness, and economy of the public administration, which results in a decrease in transparency and the creation of a favourable ground for corruption. Therefore, the study was conducted among 208 budget-funded organizations by using a survey questionnaire to evaluate the current level of theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of cost and management accounting and the possibilities for their application in the budget-funded organizations in B&H to improve current budget accounting system. Research results have shown that, even though respondents are less familiar with cost and management accounting practices, they believe that the introduction of new forms of accounting (cost and management accounting) into budget accounting system in B&H would improve the quality of accounting information as a basis for decision-making of the public management. This would enable performance measurement in the B&H public sector and therefore improve transparency and accountability of the public management.