In the last decade, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) prevalence rate has significantly increased, which consequently led to the expansion of research and expenditure in the field, predominantly focusing on searching for the cause. In a typical classroom scenario, working with children with ASD very often requires 1:1 teacher to child ratio, which makes it very expensive and difficult to implement. Serious games have been utilised as a medium for teaching various developmental skills, such as social interaction, speech, motor skills development, emotion recognition, and other basic concepts. Designing serious games for ASD population differs from other games and even other serious games significantly. It requires a holistic approach with extensive knowledge and expertise from fields other than computer science, such as psychology, sociology and cognitive science. However, once harnessed correctly, such games can be used by children with ASD on their own time, with or without supervision and they can be educational. In addition, they can adjust the appropriate pace while at the same time providing feedback in form of reinforcement and correction. Applying the rules of science of learning and teaching, one can design games that are educational for all types of learners, including children with ASD. In this paper, two independent user studies have been conducted, demonstrating how serious gaming and e-learning principles can be harnessed in order to intervene, develop or strengthen pivotal developmental skills, like learning novel vocabulary, counting, identifying numbers and colours, and responding to inference questions. We have tested the educational e-book with children diagnosed with ASD and with typically developing children to assess skill acquisition in native language for children with ASD and in English, a foreign language, for typically developing children to demonstrate the educational aspect of the game for all types of learners. We showed that the same e-book in two languages can be used for teaching different types of learners through a fun and engaging medium.

U suvremenom društvu pitanja održivog razvoja razvijala su se na različitim razinama, od novih globalnih okvira, preko politika vlada do novih poslovnih modela. U 1980-ima pojam održivi razvoj nastao je iz međuodnosa očuvanja planeta i ispunjavanja ljudskih potreba (IUCN, 1980). Opća ideja koncepta održivog razvoja je zadovoljavanje potreba sadašnje generacije, bez ugrožavanja sposobnosti budućih generacija da zadovolje svoje potrebe (Opća skupština Ujedinjenih naroda, 1987.). Kao jedan od glavnih izazova u ekonomiji i poslovanju, pojam održivog razvoja pojavio se i na širokom području poslovne ekonomije. Cilj ovog rada je pružiti pregled opsežne literature, koja se bavi konceptom održivog razvoja u području poslovne ekonomije. U svrhu analize, korišten je bibliometrijski pristup s višestrukim korespondentnim analizama na bazama baze podataka Web of Science Core Collection database za promatrano razdoblje od deset godina. Rezultati ukazuju na važnost održivog razvoja kao teme, kao i na širok raspon pristupa i raznolikosti podtema koje su povezane s konceptom održivog razvoja u poslovnoj i ekonomskoj literaturi.

Introduction. Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a very dangerous infectious, acute, usually afebrile disease characterized by muscle spasms. The causative agent of the disease is bacteria Clostridium tetani. This bacteria produces a specific neurotoxin or tetanus toxin with two components: tetanospasmin and tetanolysin. Light chains of tetanospamine cleavage synaptobrevin, which in turn prevent release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA into the synaptic cleft. The α - motor neurons are, therefore, under no inhibitory control, as a result of which they undergo sustained excitatory discharge causing the characteristic motor spasms of tetanus. Materials and Methods. In this research, we attempted to normalize disorders caused by tetanus toxin by using haloperidol (at doses of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 mg/kg b.w.), alone and in combination with (-)-nuciferine (at dose of 5 mg/kg b.w.) and aminooxyacetic acid (at dose of 20 mg/kg b.w.). Experiments were conducted on albino mice. Experimental tetanus was induced by application of tetanus toxin. Results and Conclusions. Application of haloperidol (alone and in combination with (-)-nuciferine and aminooxyacetic acid) was carried out 24 hours following the application of tetanus toxin. It was found that haloperidol, given alone in a dose of 4 mg/kg, prolonged the survival time of mice with experimental tetanus, about 24.35 hour compared to the control group. Thus, application of haloperidol in this dose showed to be the only effective method. Additionally, combination of haloperidol with (-)-nuciferine slightly extend survival time, while combination with aminooxyacetic acid produced the best effect on the extension of this period (about 27.74 hour compared to the control group).

INCREASED BONE TURNOVER IN OBESE POSTMENOPAUSAL FEMALES

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a well-characterized oncovirus, associated with several malignancies. The complex and heterogeneous nature of colorectal cancer (CRC) has led to many epidemiological causal associations with CRC. However, a direct causal link between microbial infections and CRC has not been established yet. Our review indicates that the current evidence for the presence and role in EBV in CRC is insufficient and contradictory. The design of the analyzed studies, sample size as well as methodology used for EBV detection varied markedly and consequently may not lead to meaningful conclusions. The presence of EBV in other colorectal tumors (lymphomas, smooth muscle tumors) is in line with their status at other anatomic locations and may have therapeutic implications with EBV-specific vaccines. On the other hand, studies exploring EBV in colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and its molecular genetic characteristics are largely missing and may significantly contribute to a better understanding of the role of EBV in CRC.

Castleman disease (CD) describes a group of heterogeneous hematologic disorders with characteristic histopathological features. CD can present with unicentric or multicentric (MCD) regions of lymph node enlargement. Some cases of MCD are caused by human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), whereas others are HHV-8-negative/idiopathic (iMCD). Treatment of iMCD is challenging, and outcomes can be poor because no uniform treatment guidelines exist, few systematic studies have been conducted, and no agreed upon response criteria have been described. The purpose of this paper is to establish consensus, evidence-based treatment guidelines based on the severity of iMCD to improve outcomes. An international Working Group of 42 experts from 10 countries was convened by the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network to establish consensus guidelines for the management of iMCD based on published literature, review of treatment effectiveness for 344 cases, and expert opinion. The anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody siltuximab (or tocilizumab, if siltuximab is not available) with or without corticosteroids is the preferred first-line therapy for iMCD. In the most severe cases, adjuvant combination chemotherapy is recommended. Additional agents are recommended, tailored by disease severity, as second- and third-line therapies for treatment failures. Response criteria were formulated to facilitate the evaluation of treatment failure or success. These guidelines should help treating physicians to stratify patients based on disease severity in order to select the best available therapeutic option. An international registry for patients with CD (ACCELERATE, #NCT02817997) was established in October 2016 to collect patient outcomes to increase the evidence base for selection of therapies in the future.

AN IMPACT OF DIABETES DURATION ON SERUM ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE CONCENTRATION

RELIABILITY OF URINE AS SOURCE FOR BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION FOR RISK ESTIMATION FOR PROSTATE MALIGNANCY

The densities and viscosities of synephrine hydrochloride and octopamine hydrochloride aqueous solutions were determined. Apparent molar volumes, apparent molar volume at infinite dilution, viscosity B-coefficients and hydration number were calculated, and it was found that synephrine hydrochloride acts as a better structure maker than octopamine hydrochloride in aqueous solutions. The densities of the investigated salts were measured in aqueous d-fructose solutions, and the corresponding apparent molar volumes of transfer at infinite dilution were determined. Its taste behavior was discussed based on the calculated values for apparent specific volume and intrinsic viscosity. Molecular dynamics simulations and radial distribution functions were applied in order to understand the nature of the interactions and water structuring in the studied systems. The change in taste behavior was observed with increasing concentration of the cosolute, and it was found that the addition of sugar increases the bitterness of the solution. From a molecular docking study on the bitter receptor TAS2R38, the strongest interactions for synephrine-HCl were noted causing the most bitter taste.