An advanced system for determination of face mask efficiency is developed and presented in this paper It is based on a high-end scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), which was able to detect nanoparticles from the diameter of 10 nm up to 1000 nm in 129 equidistant channels Two fitting installations for face masks were used: a mannequin doll head, to simulate realistic use of face mask and a tight-fit system which prevents the air leak The SMPS-based system was able to determine mask efficiency for different particle sizes © 2020 Danube Adria Association for Automation and Manufacturing, DAAAM All rights reserved

Purpose: Physical activity levels (PA-levels) significantly decline during adolescence, and sport participation during childhood and adolescence is frequently emphasized as protec-tive factors of PA-decline. However, there is a lack of studies which specifically examined sport-related factors and its influence on changes in PA (PA-changes) in adolescence. This study aimed to prospectively observe sport factors as: (i) correlates of PA-levels and (ii) pre-dictors of PA-changes in the period between 16 and 18 years of age among urban adoles-cents from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: The sample of participants comprised 324 adolescents (44% females) who were prospectively observed over two testing waves: (i) baseline, when participants were 16 years old; and (ii) follow-up, 20 months later (18 years of age). The variables were collected by previously validated questionnaires including questions on predictors (sociodemographic variables and various sport factors [current/former/ever participation in individual and team sports, experience in sports, competitive result achieved]), and criteria (PA level obtained at study baseline and follow up, measured by Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents [PAQ-A], and difference between PA-levels at baseline and follow-up). The t-test was used to compare PA-levels. The associations between variables were evidenced by: (i) Spear-man’s rank order correlations (between predictors and PA-levels), and (ii) logistic regression analysis (between predictors, and PA-changes observed as binomial criterion [PA-incline vs. PA-decline] – excluding those participants who reported active sport participation at study baseline). Results: The PA-level significantly declined over the study course (t-test: 6.60, p < 0.01). Sport-related predictors were significantly associated with PA at baseline (Spearman’s R: 0.33–0.45, p < 0.01), and PAat follow-up (Spearman’s R: 0.32-0.45, p < 0.01). Meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between studied predictors and differences in PA-levels between baseline and follow-up. Also, logistic regression did not reveal any significant influ-ence of predictors obtained at study baseline and PA-changes observed as binomial criterion (PA-incline vs PA-decline). Conclusion: While studied sport-related predictors significantly influence the PA-levels in the age of 16 and 18, with the higher level of PA among those adolescents who are actively in-volved in sports, sport-participation do not predict changes in PA-levels over the observed period of life. Knowing the influence of PAon overall health status, future studies should pro-vide additional details on possible predictors of PA-changes in adolescence.

Background: While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread globally, more and more evidences are collected about the presence of psychiatric and neurological manifestations and symptoms associated with this disease. Objective: The aim of this short communication is to present some of psychological consequences and neurological disorders associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infections, Methods: This is cross-sectional study according to psychosocial and neurological manifestations caused by COVID-19 infections published in papers deposited in most influential on-line databases. Results and Discussion: The results show presence of central and peripheral nervous system manifestations related to coronavirus. Neurological manifestations, or NeuroCOVID, are part of the COVID-19 clinical picture, but questions remain regarding the frequency and severity of central nervous system symptoms, the mechanism of action underlying neurological symptoms, and the relationship of symptoms with the course and severity of COVID-19. Conclusion: The review of the published papers shows that although more and more papers are reporting neurological and psyhiatric manifestations associated with COVID-19, many items remain unclear and this uncertainty calls for a global action that requires close co-ordination and open-data sharing between hospitals, academic and public health institutions and the fast establishment of harmonised research priorities to face actual and longterm the NeuroCOVID-19 complications and psychological consequences.

Introduction: Anomalous innervations of the extremities are common and influence the interpretation of electrophysiologic studies in normal subjects and those with peripheral nerve lesions. The aim of this study was to describe the most common innervation anomalies in upper and lower extremities and to point out their clinical repercussions. Methods: Article has an analytical character and review of literature, including some personal articles. Results and Discussion: Double innervation and communications among nerves are causes of anomalies of innervation of the skin and muscles. The fact of communications of fibers among nerves is better called “nerve communication” than “nerve anastomosis”. Anomalous innervations of the upper and lower extremities are, therefore, common and influence on the interpretation of neurophysiological parameters during electromyoneurography. Namely, in the course of an electrodiagnostic investigation of a peripheral nerve lesion, the examiner may be confronted with unexpected findings in contradiction with the clinical picture. In this review, a description is given of the most common innervation anomalies in upper and lower extremities: median to ulnar nerve communication (Martin-Gruber anastomosis); ulnar to median nerve communication (Marinacci anastomosis/MA); variations in the innervation of intrinsic muscles of the hand (Riche-Cannieu anastomosis; Berrettini anastomosis); accessory deep peroneal nerve; and tibial to peroneal nerve communication. Conclusion: As anomalous innervations of the extremities are common and influence the interpretation of electrophysiological studies in normal subjests and those with peripheral nerve lesions, detailed anatomical knowledge is essential for accurate interpretation of physical examination, electrophysiological findings, diagnosis, prognosis and reducing the risk of iatrogenic injuries during surgical procedures. If these variations are not given due regard, errors and other consequences will be inevitable.