Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic, debilitating condition characterized by heterogeneous symptoms, such as lightheadedness, palpitations, pre-syncope, syncope, and weakness or heaviness, especially of the legs. It is frequently associated with hypermobile joints or conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic abdominal pain, migraine headache, and diabetes mellitus. Described is a case of POTS, which though it is not rare, is rarely diagnosed. It can be diagnosed quickly with simple methods.

S U M M A R Y Inversions of planetary gravity are aimed at constraining the mass distribution within a planet or moon. In many cases, constraints on the interior structure of the planet, such as the depth of density anomalies, must be assumed a priori, to reduce the non-uniqueness inherent in gravity inversions. Here, we propose an alternative approach that embraces the non-uniqueness of gravity inversions and provides a more complete view of related uncertainties. We developed a Transdimensional Hierarchical Bayesian (THB) inversion algorithm that provides an ensemble of mass distribution models compatible with the gravitational field of the body. Using this ensemble of models instead of only one, it is possible to quantify the range of interior parameters that produce a good fit to the gravity acceleration data. To represent the interior structure of the planet or moon, we parametrize mass excess or deficits with point masses. We test this method with synthetic data and, in each test, the algorithm is able to find models that fit the gravity data of the body very well. Three of the target or test models used contain only point mass anomalies. When all the point mass anomalies in the target model produce gravity anomalies of similar magnitudes and the signals from each anomaly are well separated, the algorithm recovers the correct location, number and magnitude of the point mass anomalies. When the gravity acceleration data of a model is produced mostly by a subset of the point mass anomalies in the target model, the algorithm only recovers the dominant anomalies. The fourth target model is composed of spherical caps representing lunar mass concentration (mascons) under major impact basins. The algorithm finds the correct location of the centre of the mascons but fails to find their correct outline or shape. Although the inversion results appear less sharp than the ones obtained by classical inversion methods, our THB algorithm provides an objective way to analyse the interior of planetary bodies that includes epistemic uncertainty.

The paper presents the possibility of using criterion programming and neuro-fuzzy modeling in determining the value of planning technical power losses. Proposed is an optimal control in normal mode power grids which considers the value of planned technical power losses. Improved method for determining normative values of technical energy losses using the criteria programming and neuro-fuzzy modeling is presented.

The cultural heritage image classification represents one of the most important tasks in the process of digitalization. In this paper, a deep learning neural network was applied in order to classify images of architectural heritage belonging to ten categories, in particular: (i) bell tower, (ii) stained glass, (iii) vault, (iv) column, (v) outer dome, (vi) altar, (vii) apse, (viii) inner dome, (ix) flying buttress, and (x) gargoyle. The Convolutional neural network was used for image classification, with the same architecture applied on two sets of the data: the full dataset consisting of 10 categories as well as dataset with 5 different image categories. The results show that both architectures performed well and obtained accuracy of up to 90%.

Background: Borrelia burgdorferi and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus are 2 types of tick-borne pathogens that can cause central nervous system infection. Routine diagnostics have so far included analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell numbers, CSF serology for Borrelia burgdorferi and serum serology for TBE virus. However, early diagnosis may be difficult based on antibody detection which takes time to analyze, and with the possibility of false negative results, thus delaying treatment. Cytokine analyses are becoming increasingly available in clinical routine care and may offer important information. Methods: Fifteen cytokines and chemokines were measured in the CSF from the diagnostic lumbar puncture of 37 children with TBE, 34 children with neuroborreliosis and 19 children without evidence of central nervous system infection, using Luminex technology. Results: Significantly higher levels of proinflammatory interleukin-6 were detected in the samples from TBE-infected children, when compared with neuroborreliosis or controls. In comparison, children with neuroborreliosis had significantly higher levels of interleukin-7, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and interleukin-13 when compared with TBE infected or controls. Furthermore, the ratio between interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 was significantly different between the 2 types of tick-borne infections. Conclusions: The interleukin-6/interleukin-10 ratio can be used as a rapid diagnostic cue upon suspected tick-borne infection, enabling fast and correct treatment. Also, in serology-negative results, such information may strengthen a clinical suspicion.

Summary Background/Aim: Dental caries is the most common chronic disease affecting children worldwide today and represents a serious public health problem. Since pediatricians are the first health professionals whom children visit, they can be considered as a reliable source of information regarding the recognition of potential health problems and suggesting their solution, so they have a key role in primary health prevention. The aim of this study is to determine the position of pediatricians in the prevention of oral health of children in Montenegro through the assessment of their knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary professional preventive measures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among the 84 pediatricians employed in Montenegro Community health services. Self-addressed reply envelope survey consisted questionnaire of 60 questions divided into 5 modules, was used as an instrument for the research. Results: Response rate was 86%, while 68,3% pediatricians think that gender is a risk factor for dental caries. Fact that cavity-causing bacteria can be transmitted from the mother was confirmed by 69% of respondents. Only 45% of them practice the current guidelines on the recommendation of the first dental examination up to 12 months of life. Conclusions: It can be concluded that pediatricians in Montenegro have positive attitudes about prevention and believe they have the responsibility to prevent caries but have shown insufficient knowledge about caries and risk factors for the oral diseases.

Abstract Simultaneous adsorption of heavy metals in complex multi metal system is insufficiently explored. This research gives results of key process parameters optimization for simultaneous removal of Cd(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Mn(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution (batch system). New lemon peel-based biomaterial was prepared and characterized by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transformation (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), while the quantification of metals was made by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Simultaneous removal of seven metals ions was favorable at pH 5 with 300 mg/50 mL solid-liquid phase ratio, within 60 min at room temperature with total obtained adsorption capacity of 46.77 mg g−1. Kinetic modeling showed that pseudo-second order kinetic and Weber-Morris diffusion models best describe the adsorption mechanism of all seven heavy metals onto lemon peel.

Introduction: Patients with hip fracture are one of the most demanding groups in the health-care system. One of the most important tasks for nurses is to assess pain and ensure the patients are pain free. Pain assessment in patients with dementia is a well-known challenge for health-care professionals due to the patients’ difficulties in verbalising pain problems. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the experience of intensive care nurses in assessment of pain in patients with hip fracture and dementia in the postoperative setting. Methods: Data were collected through five focus group discussions using open-ended questions and qualitative content analysis. Twenty-one intensive care nurses (6 men and 15 women) participated in the focus group interviews. Results: Analysis of the data resulted in three main categories: “Communication”, “Visual assessment of pain”, and “Practical issues” including a number of subcategories. Some of the factors which influence assessment of pain in patients with dementia are the lack of information and knowledge about the patients, which causes loss of time and increased stress. The different forms of communication and ways of assessing pain in these patients were other factors mentioned by nurses as hindrances regarding assessment of the pain. Conclusion: In order to improve assessment of pain, more knowledge and information about the patients are needed and better coordination between the pre- and postoperative departments regarding these patients. In this context, different intervention studies on patient’s hip fracture and dementia are needed to increase knowledge and awareness regarding this group of patients.

Molecular strong-field approximation is applied to above-threshold detachment of homonuclear diatomic molecular negative ions. Differences between the photodetachment amplitudes for neutral diatomic molecules and diatomic anions, for both direct and rescattered electrons, are examined. Numerical results for the photoelectron spectra of $ {\rm C}_2^ - $C2− molecular anions for different intensities and wavelengths of a linearly polarized laser field and different molecular anion orientations are shown and discussed. Two-center destructive interference minima (suppression regions) in the rescattering part of the photoelectron spectra are observed. For molecules with molecular orientation defined by the angle $ {\theta _L} $θL with respect to the laser-field polarization axis, these minima manifest as two parallel straight lines in the distribution of the photoelectron yield presented in the photoelectron momentum plane. These lines make the angle $ {90^ \circ } - {\theta _L} $90∘−θL, with the momentum component parallel to the laser-field polarization axis. Focal-averaged photoelectron spectra are also presented and analyzed.

High-order harmonic generation by orthogonally polarized two-color (OTC) laser fields is analysed using strong-field approximation and quantum-orbit theory. Results for the field components frequency ratio of 2:1 and 3:1 are presented and compared. We have shown that, depending on the relative phase between the field components, the shape of the high-harmonic spectrum can be very different from that obtained by a monochromatic linearly polarized laser field. It is also shown that it is possible to generate elliptically polarized high-order harmonics with very high photon energies using OTC laser field with the frequency ratio of 3:1 and a long fundamental wavelength. An effective relative phase control of the harmonic emission is demonstrated. The obtained results are explained using the quantum-orbit theory.

: Medicinal nail lacquers are the most effective topical treatment of nail diseases. These formulations generally are organic solutions of the active substance as well as film-forming polymer and plasticizer, which affects the characteristics of the film formed after application and solvent evaporation. The aim of this work was to test the effects of plasticizer present in nail lacquer formulations on permeation kinetics of fluconazole through the bovine hoof membrane in a novel in vitro test. The formulations contained Eudragit RS100 dis- solved in acetone, and dibutyl-phthalate, PEG 400 or propylene glycol as plasticizers present in two different concentrations. Permeation studies were carried out during the 7-day period, and the obtained permeability pro- files analyzed using similarity and difference factors, and by model-dependent permeation kinetics. When analyzed within the same strength, the highest extent of fluconazole permeation was obtained from the formula- tion with a lower concentration of propylene glycol at 0.9% fluconazole concentration, while for formulations with 1.8% and 2.7% of fluconazole, the highest permeation was achieved from the formulation with the high- er content of PEG400. The permeation profiles showed a greater difference within one formulation of different fluconazole content than with the same plasticizer present in different concentrations, when using dibutyl- phthalate and PEG400. The permeation profiles were similar when using propylene glycol. When comparing formulations with the same concentrations of plasticizers, there were differences in formulations with the high- er fluconazole concentrations. Permeation kinetics depended on fluconazole concentration as well as the path length the active substance had to pass to reach the receptor solution.

Istraživana je morfološka varijabilnost lista 25 populacija klena (Acer campestre L.) na području Bosne i Hercegovine. Morfometrijsko istraživanje unutarpopulacijske i međupopulacijske varijabilnosti provedeno je na temelju 19 morfoloških svojstava lista, pri čemu su korištene deskriptivne i univarijatne statističke analize. Najveću varijabilnost pokazalo je svojstvo dužina peteljke lista, dok je najmanja varijabilnost utvrđena kod izvedenog svojstva odnos maksimalne dužine plojke lista i maksimalne širine plojke lista. Izvedena svojstva lista bila su manje varijabilna od mjernih, što upućuje na manje variranje svojstava oblika u odnosu na svojstva dimenzija lista. Analiza varijance pokazala je statistički značajne razlike između populacija za sva analizirana svojstva lista. Multipla testiranja pokazala su veću međupopulacijsku nego unutarpopulacijsku varijabilnost za sva istraživana svojstva osim dva svojstva geometrijske skale podataka (kutovi žila). Za razliku od mjerenih svojstava lista, sva izvedena svojstva pokazala su veću unutarpopulacijsku nego međupopulacijsku varijabilnost. Najdivergentnija populacija, s jedne strane, bila je populacija Trebinje, s najvećim brojem minimalnih vrijednosti svojstava lista, dok je s druge strane najdivergentnija populacija Banja Luka, s najvećim brojem maksimalnih vrijednosti svojstava lista. Dobiveni rezultati mogu služiti kao temelj za dalja istraživanja u drugim dijelovima areala vrste, u svrhu determiniranja utjecaja interakcije ekoloških, geografskih, klimatskih i migracijskih čimbenika na morfološku varijabilnost populacija klena.