Mushroom production has become more popular in our environment. The most common cultivated mushroom is Agaricus bisporus. After mushrooms are harvested a large amount of used compost remains. This compost is a good material and producers used it as alternative substrate in plant production. The benefits of this compost are numerous like high content of organic matter and the rich mineral composition. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of spent mushroom compost (as alternative substrate) on growth and development of roots and above-ground parts of sage transplants (Salvia officinalis L.). Measurements of morphological parameters of plants (plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and plant diameter) were performed, as well as determination of fresh and dry weight of roots and above-ground parts of transplants. Application of spent mushroom substrate in the production of sage Salvia officinalis L. positively influenced growth and development as well as fresh and dry weight of roots and above-ground parts of treated plants compared to nontreated plants during transplanting growing stage. Plant height (+104%), number of leaves (+65%), number of branches (+143%), plant diameter (89%), were significantly increased by the spent mushroom compost application compared to the control - commercial substrate.

L2 MOTIVATION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAST ATTRIBUTIONS, THE L2MSS, AND INTENDED EFFORT Globalization has led to the spread of English, which has become the world’s international language. As a result of its importance in social, economic, and political spheres, many countries have introduced English language learning in their school curricula. However, despite its importance many learners still seem to struggle with English second language (L2) motivation, which is an Anna Martinović, Irena Burić: L2 MOTIVATION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAST ATTRIBUTIONS... 426 VESTNIK ZA TUJE JEZIKE/JOURNAL FOR FOREIGN LANGUAGES important element of L2 learning success. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between several phases of learners’ motivation, including learners’ attributions of past English L2 learning success, current motivational characteristics, and motivation to learn English in the future. Using the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) as a framework, it was found that past learning experiences did not have a significant effect on current learner motivational dispositions. However, elements of the L2MSS had an effect on learners’ intentions to exert effort into future English language learning. In other words, Croatian university students’ L2 motivation was based on their visions for the future rather than on past learning experiences. Moreover, it appears that the ideal L2 self plays a much stronger role in learners’ motivation compared to the ought-to L2 self, and this motivation is tied to utilitarian motives for learning English. In addition, the results showed that other motivational components, such as interest, as well as L2 anxiety, are important elements of learners’ motivation, suggesting cognitive as well as affective aspects in this motivational profile. The complexity of motivation as shown in this study suggests the need for further investigations in various contexts.

Background: Amniocentesis (AC) is the most commonly used invasive prenatal test. The aim of this study was to determine which were the most common indications for AC, chromosomal abnormalities in relation to the age of the mother and complications as a result of AC. Methods: This is a retrospective thirteen-year cohort study including pregnant women who underwent AC in the period from 2008 to 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: below and above 35 years of age of mother at the time of AC. Results: During study period 2213 AC were performed, out of which 759 (34.29%) were in mother below, and 1454 (65.70%) above 35 years of age (p < 0.00001). The most common indication for AC in group above 35 years of age was advanced maternal age (93.9%), in group below 35 years of age was familial chromosomal diseases (29.91%). In all indications there is a statistically significant difference between the two age groups of pregnant women, all these indications are more prevalent in the group of pregnant women younger than 35 years (p < 0.00001). The most common chromosomal abnormalities in both groups was Down syndrome from numerical aberrations, and from structural inversion of chromosome 9. Short term complications were spontaneous abortion in 26 (1.17%), missed abortion in 4 (0.18%) and premature rupture of membranes in 4 (0.18%) cases. Conclusion: Advanced maternal age, demonstrated the strongest association with the uptake of AC, trisomy 21 was the most prevalent abnormal finding. Complications of AC are not significant compared to the general population of pregnant women.

Atrial flutter (AFL) is typically characterized by electrical activity propagating around specific anatomical regions and it is usually treated with catheter ablation. In this study, we modeled the electrical propagation pattern of AFL using directed network mapping (DNM). DNM is a recent method that makes use of network theory (NT) to characterize the electrical propagation [1, 2], such as the identification of cycles and focal points. The network is composed by nodes and edges resembling electrodes located across the atrial surface and the direction of the electrical propagation from one electrode to another.

The study problematizes the democratic consequences of globalization and conceptualizes attention to the fact that an adversary process of disintegration occurs in parallel with integration and globalization. It further distinguishes between globalization as an objective historical process and globalism as adverse domination. In order to reverse the resistance against globalization, active policies are required in opposite directions: strengthening democracy above the level of the nation-state and investing efforts in local economic development. Globalization can regulate through international agencies, although it cannot be sufficiently democratic. Globalization causes the weakness of national borders, restriction of state domination on information stream and traditional borders, and broadcast of democratic values by new communication instrumentals that stable democracy to favorite aim and too success method in people minds. However, globalization strengthens democratization, political, cultural, and social transformation. World citizenship necessarily presupposes creating a new political identity, and cosmopolitanism must show how this identity can be achieved without a democratic deficit or a bureaucratic-oligarchic plethora. It is essential to build a theory of globalization by understanding what is arising in various spheres separately. The world cannot be governed based on several abstract ideological principles such as liberalization, privatization, and monetarism insofar as the hegemonism policies' philosophy. After a certain level of development, the Soviet Union could no longer be successfully managed from one center, converting even less powerful globally. The consequences of centralism are rough, inadequate, belated solutions that do not consider the specifics (historical, cultural, sociopolitical, economic, psychological) of regions (Balkans, Muslim World, Latin America) and any particular nation-state. Each of which must have a different development strategy. The events like Arab Spring should advance for democratization in non-democratic regions because freedom, equality, and justice are common values between people that are hidden in democracy nature. SCIENTIFIC COLLECTION «INTERCONF» | No 78 133