ABSTRACT Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) are often exposed to stigma and discrimination, especially in developing countries. Discrimination might have an impact on their sexual behavior. The proportion of MSM among HIV positive persons is rising in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the country context and HIV-related risk behaviors among MSM in B&H. We found that MSM in B&H have a dominant fear of expressing their sexual orientation in the homophobic societal environment, including their own family. Disclosures are often connected with escalated family violence, followed by the silence and ignorance. The fear of being connected to one particular partner and being labeled as a gay lead to the need of “masking” their sexual orientation, and having sexual intercourse with non-steady sexual partners. Although most MSM were aware of the risk of HIV and other STIs, the fear of rejection and remaining alone, shapes their decisions to agree to have sex without condoms.

Subcutaneous adipose tissue (skin folds) is a disruptive factor in many sports that overcome the force of gravity, including volleyball. In the field of volleyball, it is imperative to identify the anthropometric constitution, where the amount ofsubcutaneous adipose tissue plays a significant role. The study included 18 active players of the women's volleyball club Jahorina from Pale (BH=173±8.77cm;BW=66.04±9.09kg; BMI=22.03±2.19kg/m2, age=19.11±2.63), a member of thevolleyball Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the main goal to analyze and determine the percentage of adipose fat as an indicator of physical status. Yuhasz skinfold test (Biceps skinfold, Triceps skinfold, Subscapular skinfold, Suprailiac skinfold, Abdomen skinfold, Front thigh skinfold, Rear thigh skinfold) was applied to assess skin folds. Measurements were performed with a skin fat measuring instrument (Caliper GIMA-model Plicometro, Italy) in accordance with the ISAK protocol. Statistical data processing included central and dispersion parameters andPearson's correlation coefficients. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that 30% of significant ICC p<,05;p<0,01;p<0,001 were achieved. The percentage of skin folds of Jahorina volleyball players in body weight is 16.16% (12 kg), and body fat mass is 54.04 kg. Based on the obtained results, the amount of adipose tissue can be concluded that our sample is within the allowed values recommended for this population, and that amount is lower compared to previous research. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.64-74

Abstract The main aim of this randomized‐controlled cross‐over interventional trial was to assess the acute effects of taking a single dose of hydrogen‐rich water (HRW), and compare it with caffeine, HRW plus caffeine, and control water, for alertness, brain metabolism, brain and oxygen saturation, and self‐reported adverse events in healthy men and women who were habitual coffee drinkers and were sleep‐deprived for 24 hr. Sixteen apparently healthy young adults (8 men and 8 women; age 24.0 ± 3.5 years) were allocated in a cross‐over design to receive a single‐dose drink of HRW (8 ppm), caffeine (50 mg), HRW plus caffeine, or control drink (tap water) in the morning after 24‐hr sleep deprivation and 12‐hr fasting. The primary and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline (pre‐intervention) and 15‐min follow‐up. Significantly less time was needed to complete trail‐making test after both HRW and HRW plus caffeine compared with the control drink (p < .05). The number of errors in the symbol digit modalities test was significantly lower after drinking HRW or caffeine than control drink (p < .05). Both HRW and caffeine significantly increased the choline‐to‐creatine ratio in several brain regions (frontal white and gray matter), while HRW and the combination intervention also affected brain metabolism in the paracentral brain. No participants reported any side effects from any intervention. The attention enhancement driven by HRW appears along with changes in brain metabolism. Being generally recognized as a safe intervention, hydrogen could be thus recommended as a novel intervention that upholds attention in stressed conditions, with its metabolic footprint likely different from caffeine.

The COVID‐19 pandemic poses an immense need for accurate, sensitive and high‐throughput clinical tests, and serological assays are needed for both overarching epidemiological studies and evaluating vaccines. Here, we present the development and validation of a high‐throughput multiplex bead‐based serological assay.

Scattering of electrons off diatomic molecules in a bichromatic elliptically polarised laser field is considered by applying the S-matrix theory within the second Born approximation. Two characteristic plateaus appear in the energy spectrum of scattered electrons. The higher plateau is observed in the low-energy part of the spectrum and describes the single scattering, while the lower plateau extends to the high-energy part of the spectrum and describes the double scattering. Scattering and rescattering of electrons off molecular targets may occur at any molecular centre and in any order. Interference of contributions results in increasing/decreasing the differential cross section in particular regions of the energy spectrum of scattered electrons. Two contributions for single scattering and four contributions for double scattering exist in the case of diatomic molecules. For some molecular orientations, a sequence of declining maxima may be observed instead of the plateaus in the electron energy spectrum. We have also observed parabolic structures in the angle-resolved energy spectra. Analytical formulas that explain these structures have been provided. We have also explored the impact of the laser-field ellipticity on the scattered-electron energy spectra. The bichromatic ω– and ω– laser fields have been considered. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Business Intelligence (BI) é composto por um banco de dados multidimensional, orientado por assunto, não volátil, histórico, decisório e variável em relação ao tempo. Ao aplicar o uso do Data Mart para uma Instituição Federal de Ensino no setor de gestão de pessoas, essa pesquisa trabalhou com os dados para desenvolver indicadores para a tomada de decisão. Questões como falta de sinergia entre as bases de dados existentes, qualidade dos dados fornecidos e impossibilidade da emissão de relatórios gerenciais em tempo hábil, foram tratados nesse estudo. Concluiu-se que a aplicação e implantação de BI através de Data Mart pode gerar dados precisos, solucionar os problemas e fornecer indicadores de desempenho.

To understand the bio-geochemical distribution, activities and environmental consequences of heavy metals, it is very important to know their physico-chemical form and the conditions under which the transformation from one form to another occurs. The bioavailability of heavy metals directly depends on the physico-chemical conditions of the environment, the concentration of anions and cations in water, the content of heavy metals as well as the ionic strength. Depending on the physico-chemical properties of water, metals are found in water as free ions or as complex compounds. Their change in the form in which metals occur is significantly influenced by pH, temperature, alkalinity, water hardness, organic matter, and biological activity. The total concentration of metal in water is only an indicator of pollution, and it is necessary to determine the form of the metal. Differential Pulse Anode Stripping Voltammery with mercury electrode was used for determination of chemical speciation. Manganese belongs to the group of essential heavy metals if its concentration does not exceed the maximum allowed value. The aim of this work is to determine the available forms of manganese in the water of Modrac Lake in relation to the analyzed physico-chemical parameters. In addition to industrial applications, Modrac Lake is also used as an alternative source of drinking water, and it is a strategic resource for water supply of the region of north-eastern Bosnia.

U radu se daje povijesno-pravni prikaz instituta poreznog izuzeća imovine crkava i vjerskih zajednica u svjetlu presude Suda Europske unije u predmetu Crkvena zajednica protiv Općine Getafe (2017.). Riječ je o poreznoj olakšici duge tradicije koja se i danas univerzalno primjenjuje i koja je snažno određena nacionalnim odnosom države i crkve, i što se tiče financiranja i što se tiče uloge vjere u konkretnom društvu. Suočavanje crkava s novim društvenim i gospodarskim okolnostima poput rasta crkvene imovine i nedostatka javnih prihoda stavili su pitanje izuzimanja od oporezivanja crkvene imovine u središte interesa mnogih zemalja. Europska unija ne dovodi u pitanje status koji na temelju nacionalnog prava imaju crkve u državama članicama. Međutim, dok rasprave o ulozi vjere i vjerskih zajednica u modernome europskom društvu i dalje traju, čini se da Unija u poreznim izuzećima podvlači jasnu crtu dopuštenosti. Bez obzira na nacionalne razloge i specifičnosti uređenja, podvodeći pitanje izuzimanja pod unijska pravila državnih potpora i ispitujući prirodu djelatnosti vjerskih zajednica, ustoličuje se nov pravni okvir tretmana poreznih izuzeća dodijeljenih imovini vjerskih zajednica. Time dodijeljene porezne olakšice, unatoč drevnim temeljima i posebnim vezama, bivaju ukinute ili znatno revidirane.

Increasing mobility directly affects traffic frequency and thus increases the possible risk of traffic accident occurrences. Taking this into account, it is necessary to create models for determining risk and to act preventively based on these models; this is of great importance both to society and science. In this paper, six measuring sections of a road network are considered on the basis of eight geometric-exploitation road parameters, taking into account the data for light goods vehicles. An original methodology is proposed for identifying risk levels of road sections through their evaluation. For identifying risk levels, the Dombi Logarithmic Methodology of Additive Weights (D’LMAW) was used, which was combined with the Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (MARCOS) method. Statistical indicators were processed using a hybrid methodology based on the application of rough numbers and Dombi–Bonferroni functions. The performance of the presented methodology was verified on a real-world example, processing the statistical parameters of six two-lane road sections, with the sixth measuring section showing the best performance, since it had the minimum risk. Research has shown that measuring sections with increasing longitudinal gradients are safer. The analysis of measuring sections from fall to rise reduces the deviation of speeds from the speed limit on the roads. The effectiveness, rationality, and robustness of the solution of the proposed methodology was confirmed through a sensitivity analysis.

We develop an economical theoretical framework for combined explanations of the flavor physics anomalies involving muons: (g − 2)μ, RK∗\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ {R}_{K^{\left(\ast \right)}} $$\end{document}, and b → sμ+μ− angular distributions and branching ratios, that was first initiated by some of us in ref. [1]. The Standard Model (SM) is supplemented with a lepton-flavored U(1)X gauge group. The U(1)X gauge boson with the mass of O\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ \mathcal{O} $$\end{document}(0.1) GeV resolves the (g − 2)μ tension. A TeV-scale leptoquark, charged under the U(1)X, carries a muon number and mediates B-decays without prompting charged lepton flavor violation or inducing proton decay. We explore the theory space of the chiral, anomaly-free U(1)X gauge extensions featuring the above scenario, and identify many suitable charge assignments for the SM+3νR fermion content with the integer charges in the range XFi\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ {X}_{F_i} $$\end{document} ∈ [−10, 10]. We then carry out a comprehensive phenomenological study of the muonic force in representative benchmark models. Interestingly, we found models which can resolve the tension without conflicting the complementary constraints, and all of the viable parameter space will be tested in future muonic resonance searches. Finally, the catalog of the anomaly-free lepton-non-universal charge assignments motivated us to explore different directions in model building. We present a model in which the muon mass and the (g − 2)μ are generated radiatively from a common short-distance dynamics after the U(1)X breaking. We also show how to charge a vector leptoquark under U(1)μ−τ in a complete gauge model.

The failure to engage in responsible behaviour is related to the inability to consider future consequences of actions. An experiment was conducted to examine whetherincreasing the vividness of the future self affects adherence and endorsement of COVID-19 safety measures. A total of 184 participants were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Depending on the experimental condition, they were tasked with writing a letter to other people (their friend), a proximal future self, and a distant future self. Participants in the distant future self and the other people conditions showed greater adherence intentions than proximal future self participants. No differences were found between the distant future self and the other people group. Further group differences were found in the endorsement of safety measures, with the distant-future self-group showing more condemnation than the other two groups. Commitment to the COVID-19 safety measures mediated the group differences on both dependent variables. The results are discussed within the framework of the Construal Level Theory and the Future Self-continuity model.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine leadership for learning practices across the world by establishing profiles of leadership at school and country levels. Consequently, the study brings to our attention the (ir)relevance of school and system features for leadership for learning. The paper contributes to the field through the use of an extensive exploratory approach across a varied set of school leadership measures collected from both teachers and principals and contextualized in 42 different educational systems participating in the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2018. Consequently, this work has the potential to generate hypotheses regarding the understanding of the complex nature of school leadership worldwide. Surprisingly, the findings reveal that clusters at the country level primarily do not reflect countries with geographical, linguistic, or political proximity. Such clusters were expected, given the evidence found in the literature that shows leadership to largely be determined by contextual, societal, and cultural values. Nevertheless, the analysis identifies five profiles of leadership across schools, the majority of which can be found in most countries participating in TALIS.