This paper analyzes monuments of the First Belgian cohort (cohors I Belgarum equitata) from the area of Ljubuški. Of all the cohorts that were settled in Humac, most registered monuments belong to the auxiliaries of this unit. Three officers are among them (centurion, decurion, signifer), and ordinary soldiers whose monuments are mostly fragmented with damaged inscription field. Four monuments of this kind were discovered. Besides these monuments, we analyzed votive monuments mentioning cohors I Belgarum equitata, such as monuments dedicated to Liber, Fortuna Augusta, Mithra and emperor’s genius. We have found that these votive monuments are not adequately interpreted in the current scientific literature, and we offer a new reading. Also, paper discusses the question of marriage of Roman soldiers, as well as recruitment of local young men in the roman auxiliary troops.

Domagoj Tončinić, Spomenici VII. legije na području rimske provincije Dalmacije,Arheološki muzej, Split 2011., 228 str; Salmedin Mesihović, Antiqui Homines Bosnae,Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu, Sarajevo 2011., 692 str. (Danijel Džino) Miroslav Marić, Primena geografskih informacionih sistema u arheološkoj dokumentaciji,Printshop, Beograd, 2011., 142 str., 44 sl. (Tino Tomas) Maja Petrinec: Groblja od 8. do 11. stoljeća na području ranosrednjovjekovne hrvatske države,Split, 2009. (Midhat Dizdarević) Dubravko Lovrenović, Bosanska kvadratura kruga, Dobra knjiga – Synopsis,Sarajevo – Zagreb, 2012, 496 str. (Enes Dedić) Zbornik radova, Пад Српске деспотовине 1459. године, Српска академија наукаи уметности, Научни скупови, Књига CXXXIV, Одељење историјских наука, Књига 32,Београд 2011, 439 str. (Dženan Dautović)

The aim of this paper is to present the development of archaeological idea of methodology in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the example of archaeological research throughout Glasinac area during 1980s, concretely on site Klisura at the Kadića brdo, site where Blagoje Govedarica was the head of archaeological research. By comparing the idea and methodological principals that were prevalent during previously mentioned research with first post-war archaeological publications in two major jurnals, as well as the same ones published 10 years later, current state of archaeology in Bosnia and Herzegovina was analyzed through special review on work and contributions of Blagoje Govedarica to development of Bosnian and Herzegovinian science.

Ethno-genetic studies of prehistoric communities are present from the period of the renaissance antiquarians to the first moments of the modern science formation in the late nineteenth century. During this period in the archaeological research a full range of scientific tools for studying the chronological and typological aspects of material culture developed,and the most important step towards ethno-genetic discourse by forming the concept of archaeological cultures as methodological categories remained present in terms of archaeology is accomplished at the beginning of the XXI century. Archaeological culture is equated with ethnic communities, precisely historical categories. During the second half of the twentieth century in the former Yugoslavia under the influence of German methodological approach, question of the ethno-genetic  research has begun its peak from the First Congress  of archaeologists Yugoslavia in Niška Banja, and reached the peak of its development within the work of the Centre for Balkan Studies (CBI) of the Academyof Science and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. European archaeology has experienced a similar development and a loss of interest at the end of the twentieth century. By the S. Jones’ work The Archaeology of Ethnicity Constructing identities in the past and present studying ethno-genetic processes in Europe revived again. Within the re-actualization of this issuein the archaeological discourse the question of whether and under what methodological framework or integration with other sciences, opportunities for further development ethno-genetic research in the Western Balkans exists. In that sense, in terms ofmodern archaeology lays one of the most important issues of the relation between traditional archaeology and its interpretations towards problem of the integration with population’s genetics, as well as the traditional unanswered question of whether one archaeological culture at the same time represents a particular ethnic group.  

This paper presents the results of the preliminary archaeological excavation of the Visočica plateau made in februry 2017, not far from the protected zone of the National monument of Old Town of Visoki. The work took place in a collaboration of Regional museum in Visoko and Institute of archaeology from Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo with the aim of examining the archaeological potential of the site and identifying the spatial distribution of material on it. As a result, various archaeological material was discovered, dating from prehistoric period to middle ages.

The main goal of this article is to define fundamental mechanisms of identification and functioning of identity within prehistoric communities. In that sense the primary focus of the article is aimed on the identification mechanisms in Homer’s Illiad, and on defining the continuity or discontinuity of use of these mechanisms in works of later authors. By defining the functioning of the identification mechanisms, as well as its structure, observation of the relationship between identity and identity fluctuation within Homeric Greece communities becomes feasible. Additionally, it is possible to use these mechanisms to compare mentioned identities with known data relating the communities of the western Balkan region from the same chronological period. Based on the results of these comparations, there is an opportunity to observe and define/redefine more precisely term of archaeological culture itself, as well as previously defined Bronze and Iron Age cultures.

The aim of the article is to present the results of the prospection of the archaeological potential on the site of the national monument “Prehistoric settlement of Butmir, the archaeological site” done in 2016. In accordance with the afore mentioned, a brief description of the applied methodology used during the implementation of archaeological prospection is given, primarily of all the application of extensive (ETP) and intensive (ITP) field survey, as well as the use of test trenches and geological boreholes with the aim of obtaining results that would give more complete picture of distribution of the archaeological potential at the site of the national monument.

The question about beginning of archaeology in Bosnia and Herzegovina throughout traditional archaeological discourse, used to be observed as product of Austro-Hungarian westernisation of Ottoman Bosnia. If we look deeper, and pay attention to works of early eighteenth century and further, it apparently becomes clear that something in that interpretationwent wrong. It could be discussed about antiquarianism and archaeology its self, referring to interpretation of the beginning, but however that definition is unsustainable, because both existed from eighteenth century, and indisputable evidences are left in travel writers works and autochthonous population, as also in some state laws. Writing down their observationsXIX century explorers and travelers as Evans, Giljferding, Baltić, Lozić, Boué, Jukić and others, left important proofs of the interest in history, existence of, so called collectors, and in extremis, about some excavations and researches done in eighteenth and nineteenth century in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Giljferding wrote about being convinced by the story of some peasants about the rock and old signs on it, so in his works he gave insight into the knowledge and awareness of those people about past and its importance. Baltić wrote about excavations in search of the treasure, where besides mere people, official army took participation in such events. On the other side Evans participated in investigations, and looked at everydetail to find out and write down everything about the reviewed, and left us even his drawings. From the other side, Jukić worked and lived in Bosnia, and was among the first ones to encourage people to look after antiquities and keep it well, and tried to influence their conscience about the importance of it trough his petitions, giving the idea of the foundation of the firstBosnian Museum, starting from making his own collection repurchasing antiquities. Beside this works, at the same time government was bringing different laws about the protection of antiquities and monument in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of those was the law brought at the year 1869, consisting of 7 paragraphs about collecting, exploring and preserving antiquities,that was brought independently, 4 years before Austro-Hungarian epoch, and 5 years before the official government in Ottoman empire. Parallel to it, founding pressrooms has provided people to easily get news about archaeology, and therefore to get more familiar and interested into the subject. At the and it is still intriguing, and probably will stay unsolved, thefact about negligence of some very obvious witnesses of the existence of archaeology in Bosnia and Herzegovina, from early nineteenth century, the latest.  

Purpose Incomplete reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is associated with a poor outcome. Rescue therapy would potentially benefit some patients with an expanded treatment in cerebral ischemia score (eTICI) 2b50/2b67 reperfusion but also harbors increased risks. The relative benefits of eTICI 2c/3 over eTICI 2b50/67 in clinically important subpopulations were analyzed. Methods Retrospective analysis of our institutional database for all patients with occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) or the M1/M2 segment undergoing MT and final reperfusion of ≥eTICI 2b50 (903 patients). The heterogeneity in subgroups of different time metrics, age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), number of retrieval attempts, Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and site of occlusion using interaction terms (p i ) was analyzed. Results The presence of eTICI 2c/3 was associated with better outcomes in most subgroups. Time metrics showed no interaction of eTICI 2c/3 over eTICI 2b50/2b67 and clinical outcomes (onset to reperfusion p i  = 0.77, puncture to reperfusion p i  = 0.65, onset to puncture p i  = 0.63). An eTICI 2c/3 had less consistent association with mRS ≤2 in older patients (>82 years, p i  = 0.038) and patients with either lower NIHSS (≤9) or very high NIHSS (>19, p i  = 0.01). Regarding occlusion sites, the beneficial effect of eTICI 2c/3 was absent for occlusions in the M2 segments (aOR 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33–1.59, p i  = 0.018). Conclusion Beneficial effect of eTICI 2c/3 over eTICI 2b50/2b67 only decreased in older patients, M2-occlusions and patients with either low or very high NIHSS. Improving eTICI 2b50/2b67 to eTICI 2c/3 in those subgroups may be more often futile.

Abstract Background Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of major gastrointestinal surgery with an impact on short- and long-term survival. No validated system for risk stratification exists for this patient group. This study aimed to validate externally a prognostic model for AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery in two multicentre cohort studies. Methods The Outcomes After Kidney injury in Surgery (OAKS) prognostic model was developed to predict risk of AKI in the 7 days after surgery using six routine datapoints (age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker). Validation was performed within two independent cohorts: a prospective multicentre, international study (‘IMAGINE’) of patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery (2018); and a retrospective regional cohort study (‘Tayside’) in major abdominal surgery (2011–2015). Multivariable logistic regression was used to predict risk of AKI, with multiple imputation used to account for data missing at random. Prognostic accuracy was assessed for patients at high risk (greater than 20 per cent) of postoperative AKI. Results In the validation cohorts, 12.9 per cent of patients (661 of 5106) in IMAGINE and 14.7 per cent (106 of 719 patients) in Tayside developed 7-day postoperative AKI. Using the OAKS model, 558 patients (9.6 per cent) were classified as high risk. Less than 10 per cent of patients classified as low-risk developed AKI in either cohort (negative predictive value greater than 0.9). Upon external validation, the OAKS model retained an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve of range 0.655–0.681 (Tayside 95 per cent c.i. 0.596 to 0.714; IMAGINE 95 per cent c.i. 0.659 to 0.703), sensitivity values range 0.323–0.352 (IMAGINE 95 per cent c.i. 0.281 to 0.368; Tayside 95 per cent c.i. 0.253 to 0.461), and specificity range 0.881–0.890 (Tayside 95 per cent c.i. 0.853 to 0.905; IMAGINE 95 per cent c.i. 0.881 to 0.899). Conclusion The OAKS prognostic model can identify patients who are not at high risk of postoperative AKI after gastrointestinal surgery with high specificity. Presented to Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT) International Conference 2018 (Edinburgh, UK), European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) International Conference 2018 (Nice, France), SARS (Society of Academic and Research Surgery) 2020 (Virtual, UK).

In this paper, chemical analysis of slag from abandoned medieval mine in Gornji Potočari, Srebrenica municipality was described. Total of 10 metals were analyzed: chromium, copper, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, zinc, silver, manganese, iron and lead. Traces of chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese and cadmium in the samples point to the fact that the starting ore also contained these elements. Results showed high content of iron (25.11–33.12%), lead (5.90–10.77%) and zinc (1.16–6.79%). The content of silver had a positive correlation with the content of lead, which is in favor of the initial hypothesis that the starting ore was galena (PbS). High zinc content indicates that the sphalerite (Zn,Fe)S was also used in the process, whereas iron most likely emanates from pyrite (FeS2). Galena and sphalerite can be found in Srebrenica area in large quantities. The results of the analysis show that the site was used for the production of lead and silver (from primary ores), intensive mining activity during the Middle Ages, and the latest date that we can account for slag origin is the end of the 16th century.

Studies indicate the complex nature of the genetic structure of the European Roma which has been shaped by different effects of their demographic history, while preserving their ancestral Indian origin. The primary aims of this study were to present for the first time the paternal profiles of the Roma from Bosnia and Herzegovina based on the data from Y‐chromosome STR loci, identify the components of non‐Roma paternal gene flow into the Roma, and evaluate the genetic relationships with other European Roma populations.