Obesity is a disease of excessive accumulation of adipose tissue due to an increased energy intake which is disproportionate to the energy expenditure in the body. The visceral adipose tissue in the obese accumulated in that way increases the risk of developing a number of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Disorders such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and mitochondria can contribute to the development of oxidative stress, which is especially pronounced in the abdominal type of obesity. Obesity can induce systemic oxidative stress through a variety of biochemical mechanisms. Although ROS is generated in a large number of cells, mitochondria play a significant role in their intracellular production through the process of oxidative phosphorylation of the respiratory chain, and in fatty acid oxidation reactions. Oxidative stress is a unique link between the various molecular disorders present in the development of insulin resistance that plays a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic metabolic, proinflammatory diseases. The progression of insulin resistance is also affected by inflammation. Both of these can be the cause and the consequence of obesity. The synthesis of the inflammatory mediators is induced by oxidative stress, thus bringing the inflammation and the oxidative stress into a very significant relation. This review aims to highlight recent findings on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of obesity, with special reference to the mechanisms that explain its occurrence.

Energy-efficiency (EE) is a critical metric within wireless optimization. Power control over fading channels is considered as a promising EE-improving technique, but requires optimization of a series of fractional functional optimization problems which are hard to handle by existing optimization techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel EE power control method with unsupervised learning. Firstly, the original fractional problems are decomposed into sub-problems by Dinkelbach and quadratic transformations. Then, these sub-problems are reformulated into unconstrained forms through Lagrange dual formulation. Furthermore, unsupervised primal-dual learning method is applied to handle these unconstrained problems with strong duality. Finally, The unsupervised primal-dual learning is implemented by the deep neural network (DNN) with low computational complexity. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach on a number of typical wireless optimizing scenarios. It is shown that compared to conventional algorithms our method achieves better performance in cognitive radio networks, interference networks, and OFDM networks.

This paper investigates the allocation model, the flexibility, and the scalability of fully distributed communication architectures for metering systems in smart grids. Smart metering infrastructure aggregates data from Smart Meters (SMs) and sends the collected data to the fog or the cloud data centres to be stored and analysed. The system needs to be scalable and reliable and to respond to increased demand with minimal cost. The problem is to find the optimal distribution of application data among devices, data centres or clouds. The need for support computing at marginal resources, which can be hosted within the building itself or shared within the construction of the complex, has become important over recent years. The resource allocation model is presented to optimize the cost of the resources in the communications and relevance parts of computing (the data processing cost). The fog helps cloud computing connectivity on the edge network. This paper explains how calculation/analysis can be performed closer to the data collection site to complement the analysis that would be undertaken at the data centre. Results for a range of typical scenarios are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Background: Family medicine is defined as continuous, comprehensive medical care of the patient in the context of the family and the community. Continuous patient care includes prevention, diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic diseases and palliative care. Caring for individuals during different diseases and stages in the life cycle, understanding the role of the family in disease and using community resources makes family medicine unique among medical disciplines. With the development of new technologies, there was a need for changes in the work and introduction of the Health Information System, in all areas of medicine, including family medicine. Objective: The objectives of this study are to analyze CHIS functions in family medicine, analyze CHIS data reports, complaints, and suggestions for improvement, and then, based on the results of these analyses, to offer recommendations for future development of the CHIS family medicine module. Methods: This article represents a qualitative, interpretative case study of the implementation of the CHIS in family medicine in Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton conducted by a group of physicians using three primary data sources: medical experts’ analysis of the CHIS content, reports available in the CHIS about the number and type of services, analysis of written medical doctor and nurse complaints, and suggestions for improving the CHIS. Although qualitative data analysis predominated, quantitative data analysis was also employed. Results and Discussion: It is crucial that healthcare professionals who utilize HIS have the opportunity to provide feedback on the system and suggest modifications. The main results show that CHI is widely used in family medicine and that employees in this department provide purposeful suggestions to improve CHI, as well as that a good cooperation between the software company and the user exist. Experts in software should view these suggestions as useful information and adopt them to enhance the system so as to increase customer satisfaction and enhance the quality of health care. Health informatics as a separate scientific discipline began to be effective in academic institutions at the end of the 70’s by the presentation of actual accomplishments in this area in under and postgraduate education at biomedical faculties. The Central Health Information System (CHIS) in Sarajevo Canton was implemented in 2014 but was not fully integrated and was incompletely used at certain levels of health care. Conclusion: Thanks to the agility of the company rapid implementation of new software modules enabled the organizational transformation of the Sarajevo Canton health network.

Background: During the plateletpheresis procedure the number of thrombocytes in the donor’s blood significantly decreases, and the levels of the hematocrit, hemoglobin, and leukocyte diminish as well. Influence of the cell separator is one of the factors that affects the levels of HCT, Hgb and WBC. Objective: In this study, the goal was to determine the value difference of HCT, Hgb, WBC, and platelets after the platelet pheresis process between performance on Fenwal AMICUS and on COBE Spectra LRS Methods: The criteria for participation: male in the age range of 25-45. We have formed two groups: group I–180 separation were performed on 60 participants were the values of hematocrits, concentration of hemoglobin and number of leukocytes ware established before and after separation using the single-needle intermitent flow cell separation (SN-IFCS) on the Fenwal AMICUS device. Group II – presented 180 separation that were performed on 60 participants, were the values of hematocrits, concentration of hemoglobin and number of leukocytes ware established before and after separation using double-needle continuous flow cell separation (SN-IFCS) on the COBE Spectra LRS. device. To confirm the statistical differences we have used Student t-test for independent or dependent samples, as well as Mann-Whitney U test as non-parametric alternative. To compare differences between the values of four parameters (P1-P2) from two groups (using two devices–Fenwal AMICUS and Fresenius Com Tec) we have performed the ANOVA variance analyze. The possibility of errors were accepted for α<0,05, and the difference between groups as statistical relevant were accepted for p<0,05. Results Statistically significant lower values were noted for all researched parameters after separation on both devices (Fenwal AMICUS and COBE Spectra LRS). Comparing the parameters of hematocrit, leukocytes and hemoglobin’s, we found a statistical significant difference in the decrease of the parameter’s value after separation, there was a significant decrease change in using COBE Spectra LRS cell separator compared to using Fenwal AMICUS cell separator with the same procedure. For the platelets (Plt) there was no statistical significant difference (p> 0,05-α=0,05), between average level obtained using either Fenwal AMICUS or COBE Spectra LRS. Conclusion: The type of cell separator had the influence on the decrease value of the observed parameters.

Background: For many years, pharmacy and medicine were inseparable sciences, so everything that was done in the field of medicine, that is, treatment, can be related to pharmacy. The history of pharmacy therefore also includes the history of medicine, at least until the 13th century, when pharmacy was officially separated from medicine. Objective: The aim of this study was: to describe the books and monographs that are available on the Internet, which deal with the study of the history of Pharmacy; and to show pharmaceutical history museums around the world and their unique collections of pharmaceutical artifacts. Methods: During the preparation of this paper, a descriptive method of analysis from the available literature was used. The analysis of available literature included professional books, monographs, articles and other literature available on online browsers. Results and Discussion: Today there are a large number of societies, academies, associations and foundations dealing with the history of pharmacy. Also, a lot of books, monographs and scientific papers published in on-line databases. The goal of each organization is the research of historical facts in the field of pharmacy and medicine that will be shared with professionals, but also persons who are not from the profession (doctors, librarians, archaeologists, archivists). A large number of museums have been opened for the history of pharmacy, and almost every developed country has such a museum. Such museums represent a national treasure, because they preserve the valuables of pharmacy from the territory of the country, as well as the world.

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