Nowadays, in order to maintain cleanliness in our houses, as well as to maintain personal hygiene, numerous chemical agents are used every day. Dishwashing detergents are used the most, followed by laundry detergents, various soaps and hair sham?poos, and not infrequently descaling agents, for cleaning ovens, unclogging drainage and sewage pipes, neutralizing unpleasant odours, etc. Although their number is growing day by day, most people do not realize the consequences, or at least not enough, and especially not about their potentially toxic effects. In fact, a great deal of the population do not consider household chemicals a particular problem, which is true, if they are used in the pre?scribed manner. However, the fact that these agents can cause harmful effects in humans and animals, and even participate in environmental pollution, is more than a sufficient reason to pay more attention to these agents, that is, to talk about them more and obtain more information for that matter. Particularly since there are authors who believe that some of the mentioned agents can even cause cancer, asthma or birth defects, i.e. infertility. Household chemicals can be divided in several ways, and one of the classifications is the one made according to the place of use. According to this division, the products we use every day at home can be roughly divided into those used for cleaning and maintaining hygiene in kitch?ens, used for the same purposes in bathrooms (including those used for personal hygiene ), and the products used in rooms and on terraces (flower protection).

Background: Cognitive dysfunctions are considered as a poor prognostic factor that influence health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of cognitive impairment on the quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods: This study included 60 MS patients treated at the Department of Neurology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo. Inclusion criteria were clinically definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, 18 years of age or older and were able to give written informed consent. Cognitivefunction was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa) screening test. Quality of life was evaluated by SF36 questionnaire. Results: 88.33% of patients had cognitive impairment with 68.33% with mild cognitive impairment. Abstraction (60,83%), language (56,66%), executive functions (53.66%) and delayed recall (28.33%) were rated the worst. The median value of SF-36 score was 54.1 (27.7-70.01). The lowest results were achieved in the QOL domains of psycial limitation with a median value of 12.5 (0-75) and emotional limitation 33.3 (0-100). It is found statistically significant correlation of the MoCa score with social functioning, energy, vitality and general health (p<0.05) and physical functioning (p<0.001) domains of quality of life, as well as with SF -36 total scores (p<0.05). Among group of patients with cognitive impairment, statistically significant positive correlation between cognitive status mental health HRQOL domain (rho=0.427; p<0.001) was found. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment is very often presented in patients with multiple sclerosis with significant contribution to a poorer quality of life. It is associated with physical and emotional limitations, as well as poorer mental health. Further studies are needed, especially when we take into account very important clinical and prognostic role of cognition in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Covid-19 primarily manifests itself as a respiratory disease, but also with numerous extrapulmonary symptoms and complications. The clinical form of the disease before hospitalization, has a great influence on the further course and occurrence of complications of the disease. Objective: To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with moderate and severe clinical form of the disease, the complications that developed in these patients during hospitalization and the outcome of the disease. Methods: The retrospective study included 520 patients from the Tuzla Canton, treated in the COVID-19 Hospital at University Clinical Center Tuzla in the period from March 27 to October 1, 2020. The source of data were the medical records of hospitalized patients. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with moderate and severe clinical form of the disease and the complications that developed in these patients during hospitalization were analyzed. Results: The number of hospitalized men was statistically significantly higher, p=0.000. Most patients were in the age group of 60-69 years: 152 (29.3%), then in the age group of 50-59 years: 119 (22.9%). Women <70 years had more often a moderate, and women >70 years more often a severe clinical form of the disease, p<0.01. Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, hematological diseases and tumors of solid organs, with leukopenia and lymphopenia, elevated LDH, CRP, transaminases and serum ferritin, significantly more often had a clinically severe form of the disease (p<0.01). Patients with a severe clinical form of the disease on admission to the hospital had more frequent complications and death as outcome (p<0.01). Conclusion: Patients who were hospitalized with a severe form of COVID-19 had significantly more frequent disease complications and death as outcome.

Introduction/purpose: The hydraulic buffering valve has the greatest influence on the dynamic characteristics of power-shift transmission. The hydraulic buffering valve is a transmission element that controls increase in pressure in friction assemblies during the gear shifting process. By choosing the optimal control of pressure increase during shifting, reduction of dynamic loads in gear transmissions and thermal loads in friction assemblies is achieved. Methods: The paper analyzes the principle of one of hydraulic buffering valve solutions as well as the influence of certain parameters on the control of pressure increase. After the analysis of the working principle of the hydraulic buffering valve, a simulation model was developed in the MATLAB/Simulink software package. Results: The results obtained using the simulation model were compared with the experimental results of the selected pressure modulator solution. The selected hydraulic buffering valve was developed as part of the development of a device for power-shift transmission. The simulation results showed a satisfactory match with the experimental results. Conclusion: The developed simulation model enables a relatively easy and quick change of the parameters of the hydraulic buffering valve as well as a possibility of a faster and better understanding of the influence of individual parameters on pressure increase during the gear shifting process.

Introduction/purpose: Motor vehicles are complex dynamic systems due to spatial displacements, changes in the characteristics of components during their lifetime, a large number of influences and disturbances, the appearance of backlash, friction, hysteresis, etc. The aforementioned dynamic phenomena, especially vibrations, cause driver and passenger fatigue, reduce the lifetime of the vehicle and its systems, etc. Methods: In general, the movement of vehicles is carried out on uneven roads and curvilinear paths in the road. Not only do oscillatory movements cause material fatigue of vehicle parts, but they also have a negative effect on people's health. That is why special attention must be paid to the coordination of the mutual movement of the subsystems, and in particular, the vehicle suspension system, even at the stage of the motor vehicle design. For these purposes, theoretical, experimental or combined methods can be used. Therefore, it is very useful to have the experimental results of the oscillations of the vehicle subsystem in operating conditions, so the aim of this work was to use the movement of the 4x4 drive FAP 1118 vehicle in operating conditions (due to higher speeds - in road conditions) to define the conditions for testing oscillatory loads in laboratory conditions. Results: This is made possible by registering and identifying statistical parameters of registered quantities. Conclusion: Based on the measured data, the research can be programmed on shakers in laboratory conditions, and, at the same time, the size to be reproduced can be chosen as well.

The Regional Skill Councils Blueprint report aims to facilitate understanding, identifying, and developing 21st-century skills through multi-stakeholder collaborative efforts in region-specific and labour-market-relevant contexts. The report details the modalities and aspects of setting up a successful diverse multi-stakeholder constellation tasked with assessing and developing 21st-century skills guided by the labour market needs, technology trends and any differences stemming from gender. A blueprint for stakeholder engagement is a model for cooperation between higher education institutions and employers, provides a clear roadmap of engagement opportunities and potential action for all involved higher education and industry stakeholders.

This paper presents research on the pivotal role of tour attendants in group travels and their impact on the quality of tourist experiences. The primary objective is to explore how tourists' expectations and preferences regarding tour attendants influence their experiences during such journeys. Conducted through an online questionnaire, the study surveyed 715 respondents across various age groups to analyze travelers' perspectives on the role of tour attendants, their expectations during tours, and the factors shaping travel experiences. The findings underscore the significance of tour attendants in curating high-quality experiences, highlighting the crucial need for relevant information dissemination and the proactive involvement of tour attendants in enhancing these experiences.

The authors present an economic evaluation and justification of the "expanding existing production of apples" on the example of integrated production family farm. As a starting point assumption was stated that the farm wants to expand the existing production of integrated production, and that the economy has its own cold storage and basic resources for organic and integrated production. The authors have presented calculations of static and dynamic evaluation of the project, along with economic performance indicators, based on which the owner of the farm can make a decision on the justification of the investment project. The planned production of apples is expected, alongside with growing the integrated production system in any way environmentally. Selected variety is Golden Delicious.