Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that causes a respiratory disease, COVID-19. For COVID-19 testing, real-time PCR is considered gold standard and therefore many commercial SARS-Cov-2 detection kits are available. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine diagnostic values of 10 different commercially available SARS-CoV-2 detection kits, based on their Ct value. Methods: For this study thirty clinical nasopharyngeal samples were collected in ALEA Genetic Center. Twenty four of them were positive, while six were negative and used as a negative control. Positive samples were selected based on the day when first symptoms appeared. RNA was extracted using the same extraction method for all samples. For amplification and comparison of detection kits, the same RT- PCR instrument was used. Results: Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and Cohen’s kappa coefficient were estimated to evaluate diagnostic values of the tested kits. This study showed that all kits showed 100% specificity. Accuracy, sensitivity and kappa coefficient varied among examined assays. Based on clinical features, LabGunTM COVID-19 Assay by LabGenomics proved to be the most sensitive, the most accurate and most specific. Therefore this assay was used as a reference kit. Conclusion: If things from practice are taken into account, accuracy and reliability of the tested commercial kits can vary compared to those obtained in this study where results were based on ideal functioning of the kits. When choosing the convenient commercial SARS-CoV-2 detection kit using RT-PCR method, many parameters need to be considered.

Aim To analyze an additional set of Y-chromosome genetic markers to acquire a more detailed insight into the diversity of the Croatian population. Methods A total of 518 Yfiler Plus profiles were genotyped. Allele frequencies, haplotype frequencies, and haplotype diversity were calculated by using the STRAF software v. 2.0.4. Genetic distances were quantified by Rst with AMOVA online tool from the YHRD. The evolutionary history was inferred with the neighbor-joining method of phylogenetic tree construction in the MEGAX software. Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor v. 5 was used for additional comparison with regional and other European populations. Results A total of 507 haplotypes were used for genetic STR analysis. An interpopulation study on 17 Y-STR markers showed the lowest genetic diversity between the Croatian and Bosnian-Herzegovinian populations and the highest between the Croatian and Irish populations. Additional interpopulation comparison with the original 27 Y-STR markers (for the population with available data) was also performed. A total of 518 haplotypes were used in the determination of haplogroup diversity. Haplogroup I with its sublineage I2a expressed the highest prevalence. The second most prevalent haplogroup was R, with its major sublineage R1a, except for the subpopulation of Hvar, where E1b1b was the second most prevalent haplogroup. Rare haplogroups also confirmed in this study were L, T, and Q. G1 was detected for the first time in the Croatian population. Conclusion We obtained a new insight into the differences between examined subpopulations of Croatia and their possible (dis)similarities with neighboring and distant populations.

Genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae) is very rich in secondary metabolites and has an antiviral, antimalarial, antitumor, antibacterial and antioxidant properties, but Balkan endemic Silene sendtneri (Sendtner's campion) is not analyzed from the aspect of phenolic composition and their biological activities. Evaluation of total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC), and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of hydromethanolic extracts from inflorescences, stem, rhizome, and seeds of S. sendtneri, was done in this study for the first time. The TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity (DPPH; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) were determined by UV/VIS spectrophotometry. Antimicrobial activity was estimated against selected test microorganisms (Staphylococcus epidermididis, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Salmonella abony, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans) using a disc diffusion assay. The inflorescences had the highest (11.587 mg GAEg-1 DW) and rhizome the lowest TPC (2.017 mg GAEg-1 DW). The inflorescences extract exhibited the highest TFC (69.824 mg CEg-1 DW), while TFC was not detected in the rhizome extract. The stem’s extract had the highest antioxidant activity (IC50; 20.51%), while the rhizome had the lowest (61.89%). All extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermididis and low activity against the three remaining tested organisms. Antifungal activity of inflorescence and rhizome extracts was moderate. Obtained results provide a basis for further investigations of various S. sendtneri extracts, which can be a potential natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents

The past decade within Bosnia and Herzegovina and thus in the Sarajevo Canton has shown that tourism has become a significant segment of the economy with a pronounced constant positive growth. He is one of the most important trump cards in economic development and positive recognition of the Sarajevo Canton and thus the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper analyzes the current state of sports and recreational tourism in Sarajevo Canton in the period from 2011 to 2021 and its possibilities through the sports and tourism offer. The research covered the administrative borders of Sarajevo Canton, which consists of 9 municipalities: Centar, Hadžići, Ilidža, Ilijaš, Novi Grad, Novo Sarajevo, Stari Grad, Trnovo and Vogošća. The paper analyzes the number of registered business entities (tourist units), the number of tourist arrivals (countries from which tourists come and by months of the year), the number of overnight stays, tourist arrivals individually or organized, the analysis of sports facilities and infrastructure for sports and tourism offer (mountaineering, sport climbing, athletic stadiums, swimming pools, bike and mountain bike trails, sports halls, golf courses, mountain walking trails, racetracks (equestrian sports), skating rinks, football stadiums and football fields, ski lifts, ski lifts, snowboard, point and toboggan runs, cross-country skiing, tennis courts). For the purposes of this research, a combination of: primary field research related to the state of sports facilities and sports infrastructure in the Sarajevo Canton as well as a secondary method of data collection through available official data, databases and reports of relevant public, private institutions, media, sports associations. By analyzing the situation and the results we have obtained, we can determine the direction for the development and expansion of services in terms of sports and recreational tourism in Sarajevo Canton. This does not require large investments, especially in the rural parts of Sarajevo Canton, which has all the benefits for further development of sports and recreational forms of offer in the direction of hiking, mountaineering, cycling, running, alpine, touring and Nordic skiing. Sarajevo Canton with its sports and competitive heritage as well as the existing specific sports infrastructure and facilities provide a great opportunity for tourism development and positive recognition of the Canton and the city of Sarajevo. Keywords: Seasonality, sports facilities, sports infrastructure, sports and recreational services and sports programs.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a major cause of stress and anxiety worldwide. It has generated stress among people from all sections of society, especially to workers who have been assigned to cater to healthcare service or those constrained to secure daily essential items. Yoga practice is actively sought to achieve reduced anxiety and stress so that improved sleep may positively impact immunity. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether those who practice Yoga during the COVID-19 pandemic have lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression than those who do not. Methods: The sample consists of 51 females who have been attending Yoga sessions for many years and who continued this practice during the COVID-19 pandemic twice a week. The control group consisted of 50 non-Yoga respondents. The survey was conducted during April 2021. The Revised Event Impact Scale (IES-R) (4) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) (Derogatis, 1993) were used to assess stress. Student T-test was used to check the statistical significance of differences. Results: In our research yoga practitioners show a statistically significantly lower average severity of stress symptoms compared to those who do not practice yoga on 5 of the 6 stress indicators shown. The only statistically significant difference was not obtained on the measure of total number of symptoms (PST). Conclusion: The results suggest that yoga practice during COVID-19 pandemic is associated with lower levels of stress, anxiety and depression.

Abstract Although forensic accounting is a relatively young scientific discipline, it will certainly be one of the most sought after areas in the coming period, and it is important that activities be undertaken for its development and improvement as soon as possible.

Abstract Fraud in accounting, as well as falsification of financial statements, has a long history, and in recent years their scale has been growing and with much more serious consequences. Decisions made by investors and other users of financial statements based on erroneous financial information cause enormous damage to users of financial information, but also to the general public. Many major financial frauds are only detected when companies reach the point of financial collapse, in a situation where it is difficult to do something to repair major damages.

Background: Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Blood pressure control rates are as low as 17% to 31% in patients diagnosed with hypertension in high-income countries; control rates are likely poorer in low- to middle- and low-income countries. Blood pressure control rates are as low as 17% to 31% in patients diagnosed with hypertension in high-income countries; control rates are likely poorer in low- to middle- and low- income countries. Overall, 43% to 66% of patients fail to adhere to their prescribed antihypertensive medications, and after 1 year, ≈40% of patients with hypertension may stop their initial drug treatment. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of single pill combination antihypertensive drugs on the adherence to treatment, blood pressure control and cardiovascular events vs. free-combination therapy. Methods: We enrolled 192 adult hypertensive patients not older than 79 years, with untreated or uncontrolled hypertension despite previously receiving free combination antihypertensive therapy, between November 2020 and March 2022. Patients treated with single pill combination (SPC) were compared with an arm of the same size (n = 96) and matched by age and gender who received a standard free combination (FC) antihypertensive therapy. Results: There were significant reductions from baseline to month 6 of follow-up in office SBP in the SPC group vs. reduction in FC group (21.9 vs. 13.1 mmHg; p < 0.0001). There were significant reductions from baseline to month 6 of follow-up in office DBP in the SPC group vs. group with free-combination therapy (13.7 vs. 8.0 mmHg; p < 0.0001). At 6 months, 94 participants (98%) were still prescribed the SPC therapy. At the final 6-month study visit, 84.2% of patients in the SPC therapy group were adherent to the prescribed antihypertensive therapy vs. 52% of patients in the FC group. Target BP values (mean 24h ambulatory systolic/diastolic BP < 130/80 mmHg) were reached by more recipients of SPC than free-combination therapy (78.2% vs. 46.3%, p < 0.05) at month 6 of follow-up. Conclusion: Treatment with single pill combinations (SPC), is the emerging best practice for safe, effective, rapid, and convenient hypertension control. It improves the affordability, adherence and control of arterial hypertension.

We examine differences between students in physical activity levels at the University of Tuzla. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ long form). Results of the Mann-Whitney U test for physical activity assessment shows that male students achieved higher levels of physical activity at a statistically significant level in four out of a total of seven variables. Keywords: students, physical activity, IPAQ

Measuring scientific impact has long become a fact of academic life. Better scholarly output is related to higher chances of being promoted and winning a research grant. There are numerous ways to measure scholarly impact, such as through the number of publications and citation analysis. The most widely used databases for assessing these metrics are Google Scholar (GS), Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS). The goal of the present paper is to provide an in-depth analysis of GS profiles and to compare GS metrics with different metric indices from Scopus and WoS. An additional goal is to do a qualitative analysis of profiles that were identified as outliers through the visual inspection of various metric indices ratios. The sample for this study consisted of 100 researchers from the University of Sarajevo with highest number of citations according to their GS profiles. The results of this study indicated a high correlation between different metric indices. Outlier analysis revealed several errors in GS profiles, some of which are attributable to GS algorithms. An in-depth analysis of outliers provided important data for identifying limitations of all metrics currently used in researcher’s evaluation. We conclude the article with several suggestions on how to improve the evaluation of individual scholar’s research output.

The aim of the study was to assess gross motor skills between boys and girls of preschool and primary school age. The study included a total sample of 83 respondents (49.3% boys) with an average chronological age of 6.14 ± 2.25 years. The Test of Gross Motor Development–3rd Edition (TGMD-3) was used to verify the set research goal. Research data were analyzed by the method of parametrical statistics. To determine the differences in gross motor skills between boys and girls, t-test was used for an independent sample of respondents. Based on the obtained research results, it can be concluded that there are no statistically significant differences between boys and girls on the locomotor and “Ball skills” subtest. Although no statistically significant differences were recorded, generally, boys achieve better results on the subtest “Ball skills” compared to girls. It is suggested that intervention programs be designed to improve girls' performance in ball skills. Key words: Children, TGMD-3, Locomotor, Ball skills, Gender.