Background: The correlation between diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction is greater every day. The mean platelet volume (MPV), which is the determinant of platelet function, is an independent risk factor for the cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of each disease (hypothyroidism, hypertension, myocardial infarction) individually and combined on MPV in diabetic patients.Methods: The cross-sectional study included 102 patients who suffer from diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2), of both sexes (46 females, 56 males), with the average age of 58.91 (SD=12.93). All the patients were treated at the Primary Health Centre in Zenica from May to July 2017. All patients had diabetes mellitus and the disease had lasted for 10 years in both sexes.Results: Mean platelet volume was significantly higher in patients with myocardial infarction than in those without myocardial infarction. Age, sex, HbA1c, BMI, lipids and platelet count did not show any significance in either group of patients. Regression analysis showed that the prevalence of myocardial infarction had the highest predictive significance for MPV values, (predictor importance 0.49; coefficient 1.275, p<0.001).Conclusions: Mean platelet volume was significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction than in DM patients without myocardial infarction. Regression analysis showed correlation with acute myocardial infarction in patients with DMT2, but not with other chronic illnesses. The highest platelet volume indices were observed in patients with myocardial infarction. MPV can be used as a specific indicator in diabetic patients with myocardial infarction.   

For users to trust planning algorithms, they must be able to understand the planner's outputs and the reasons for each action selection. This output does not tend to be user-friendly, often consisting of sequences of parametrised actions or task networks. And these may not be practical for non-expert users who may find it easier to read natural language descriptions. In this paper, we propose PlanVerb, a domain and planner-independent method for the verbalization of task plans. It is based on semantic tagging of actions and predicates. Our method can generate natural language descriptions of plans including causal explanations. The verbalized plans can be summarized by compressing the actions that act on the same parameters. We further extend the concept of verbalization space, previously applied to robot navigation, and apply it to planning to generate different kinds of plan descriptions for different user requirements. Our method can deal with PDDL and RDDL domains, provided that they are tagged accordingly. Our user survey evaluation shows that users can read our automatically generated plan descriptions and that the explanations help them answer questions about the plan.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the nitrites and nitrates content in fresh cow’s milk samples from milking machines, and to determine whether their amount is affected by the season of sampling (summer/winter). Methods: The methodology used was analytical transversal method at 2-time points. All milk samples were sampled at milk machines from the City of Zagreb and Zagreb County, during the summer and winter months in 2020. A total of 40 milk samples were sampled, with 20 samples in each monitored period (summer/winter). A high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector was used to identify and quantify concentrations of the nitrate and the nitrite content. The results were processed using descriptive statistics and the statistics of differences. Results: The analysis determined the range of nitrate content from 1.28 mg/kg to 19.71 mg/kg and the range of nitrite content was from 0.49 mg/kg to 3.42 mg/kg in milk samples. The mean result of nitrates in fresh cow’s milk samples in the summer period was 9.12 mg/kg and in the winter period of 3.88 mg/kg. The mean value of nitrite in the summer was 1.23 mg/kg, while the mean value of nitrite in the winter period was 1.48 mg/kg. Conclusion: The research has shown that the nitrate and the nitrite levels in local fresh cow’s milk sampled in milk machines do not exceed the maximum allowable intake. The obtained results confirmed that the amounts of nitrates and nitrites in the milk samples differ significantly during the winter and summer periods and differences are depending on the location of the milk machine.

ABSTRACT Patients immune phenotype/genotype data may be useful to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection and can contribute to the identify the different levels of disease severity. The roles of chemokines have been reported in the coronavirus-related diseases SARS and MERS and they may likewise play a critical role in the development of the symptoms of COVID-19 disease. We analyzed the association of the MCP-1-A2518 G, SDF-1-3’A, CCR5-delta32, CCR5-A55029 G, CXCR4-C138T and CCR2-V64I gene polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity to further unveil the immunological pathways leading to disease severity and death. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)/Sanger sequencing analysis was performed for detection of the variations in 60 asymptomatic and 119 severe COVID-19 patients. In our study, we found that the frequencies of MCP-1 of GA genotype and G allele carriers were significantly higher in severe COVID-19 patients than the asymptomatic COVID-19 patients (p < .0001 and p: .005, respectively). However, no significant association was found for any of the other polymorphisms with the severity of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that there is a positive association between MCP-1-A2518 G gene variants with the severity of COVID-19. However, larger studies in different population which will focus on gene expression levels will help us to understand the capability of the mechanism role.

ABSTRACT Personal data is valuable and vulnerable to individuals who have wrong intentions as any other possessions. This can be mitigated by good cyber hygiene habits. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate, analyze, and understand the level of cyber hygiene knowledge, awareness, and behavioral practices of university students and their mutual relations. We have conducted a survey study containing 30 cyber hygiene questions. Results show that students have acceptable cyber hygiene behavior, but their awareness is not satisfactory, and their knowledge is quite low. Also, the study shows the existence of some relations between gender and current education level and cyber hygiene knowledge, awareness, and behavior, as well as mutual interplay and relations between those cyber hygiene outcomes. The main contributions of this work are bidirectional: theoretical and practical.

Introduction: People over the age of 50 begin to show manifestations of reduced balance and instability, and as a result, simple activities such as standing or getting up from a chair may become limited or impossible. Therapeutic strengthening exercises can increase muscle strength and improve mobility, as well as the physical functioning of the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate therapeutic exercise on balance and gait in elderly. Methods: The prospective study included two groups of 130 respondents over the age of 65 who had come to the “Center for Healthy Aging Novo Sarajevo.” Using the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) test, we assessed mobility performance. We tested the respondents at the beginning, in the middle and in the end of the research, which lasted 6 months. Results: In the control group, the required time increased by 2.04%. The largest improvement within POMA B was recorded in the examined Group B and it was 12.67 %, while in the examined Group A, the improvement was only 5.07%. Within POMA G, the largest improvement was also recorded in the examined Group B and it was 6.82%, while in the examined Group B, this improvement was 4.14%. Conclusion: Both strengthening and antigravity therapeutic exercises improve the level of physical fitness in older adults, although therapeutic antigravity exercises had a better impact on the level of physical activity.

Target 3.4 of the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of the United Nations (UN) General Assembly proposes to reduce premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by one-third. Epidemiological data presented by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016 show that out of a total of 57 million deaths worldwide, approximately 41 million deaths occurred due to NCDs, with 78% of such deaths occurring in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). The majority of investigations on NCDs agree that the leading risk factor for mortality worldwide is hypertension. Over 75% of the world's mobile phone subscriptions reside in LMICs, hence making the mobile phone particularly relevant to mHealth deployment in Africa. This study is aimed at determining the scope of the literature available on hypertension diagnosis and management in Africa, with particular emphasis on determining the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of interventions based on the use of mobile phones. The bulk of the evidence considered overwhelmingly shows that SMS technology is yet the most used medium for executing interventions in Africa. Consequently, the need to define novel and superior ways of providing effective and low-cost monitoring, diagnosis, and management of hypertension-related NCDs delivered through artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques is clear.

The main subject of the research is the assessment of the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of veterinarians regarding the use of antibiotics (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through a questionnaire conducted among veterinarians in the northern region of Serbia. A total of 62 respondents completed the questionnaire, which represents a response rate of 44.3%. Male veterinarians are less likely to be in the group of veterinarians with insufficient knowledge (p < 0.05). Veterinarians engaged in mixed practice (small and large animals) (p < 0.001) and veterinarians who have over 100 patients per month (p < 0.005) are also less likely to be in the group with insufficient knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. The proportion of those with insufficient knowledge is growing among veterinarians whose source is the Internet (p < 0.01), while the proportion of those with insufficient knowledge about antimicrobial resistance is declining among veterinarians whose source of information is continuous education (p < 0.05). The majority of the respondents (n = 59, 95.2%) completely agreed that AMR is a very big issue in the global health sector right now. Unfortunately, there are crucial gaps in the knowledge and attitudes of the surveyed participants. They do not appear to be aware of the importance of AMU in veterinary medicine and its influence on overall AMR, or the crucial part that non-prescribed antibiotics have in all of it. Positively, many veterinarians use good practice AMU guidelines in their everyday practice and in line with the global trend of AMU reduction, respondents have also decreased their AMU compared to the previous year.

This paper describes some of the forms of violence in cyberspace and possible prevention. The second part of this paper provides an analysis of students’ views on possible online abuse and prevention. The research aims to highlight statistically significant opportunities for raising awareness of possible online abuse and the prevention of cyberbullying. The survey consists of a total of 20 testimonials, which are divided into 4 parts, and each part assesses different aspects. The conclusion of this research is that the Internet environment does not provide enough feedback on the reactions of the person to whom the harassing messages were sent, which in the abuser reduces the feeling of causing true emotional and psychological harm to another person, reducing the degree of self-control and insight into the level of bullying.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that function in post-transcriptional gene silencing and mRNA regulation. Although the number of nucleotides of miRNAs ranges from 17 to 27, they are mostly made up of 22 nucleotides. The expression of miRNAs changes significantly in cancer, causing protein alterations in cancer cells by preventing some genes from being translated into proteins. In this research, a structural analysis of 587 miRNAs that are differentially expressed in myeloid cancer was carried out. Length distribution studies revealed a mean and median of 22 nucleotides, with an average of 21.69 and a variance of 1.65. We performed nucleotide analysis for each position where Uracil was the most observed nucleotide and Adenine the least observed one with 27.8% and 22.6%, respectively. There was a higher frequency of Adenine at the beginning of the sequences when compared to Uracil, which was more frequent at the end of miRNA sequences. The purine content of each implicated miRNA was also assessed. A novel motif analysis script was written to detect the most frequent 3–7 nucleotide (3–7n) long motifs in the miRNA dataset. We detected CUG (42%) as the most frequent 3n motif, CUGC (15%) as a 4n motif, AGUGC (6%) as a 5n motif, AAGUGC (4%) as a 6n motif, and UUUAGAG (4%) as a 7n motif. Thus, in the second part of our study, we further characterized the motifs by analyzing whether these motifs align at certain consensus sequences in our miRNA dataset, whether certain motifs target the same genes, and whether these motifs are conserved within other species. This thorough structural study of miRNA sequences provides a novel strategy to study the implications of miRNAs in health and disease. A better understanding of miRNA structure is crucial to developing therapeutic settings.

A violência contra o idoso ocorre de forma frequente, principalmente por membros da família, se tornado uma grande problemática da área da saúde e necessitando de uma atenção especial. O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar os cuidados em conjunto realizados pelos profissionais da saúde em situações de violência contra o idoso. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com uma abordagem qualitativa. O período de busca ocorreu no mês de maio de 2022. Onde foi realizada uma busca de artigos nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), google acadêmico e o que está presente no estatuto do idoso. Utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e Operadores Boleanos na respectiva sequência “Idoso AND Violência AND Equipes de saúde “. Foram utilizados critérios de elegibilidade para melhor se obter os artigos que abordassem a temática de interesse. Após isso realizou-se uma leitura do título e objetivo dos estudos. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, restaram 76 artigos que foram analisados. Sendo destes, 62 excluídos por não se encaixarem no foco da pesquisa, restando 10 artigos. Os estudos apontaram que os profissionais que compõem as equipes multiprofissionais de saúde são essenciais na identificação de casos de violência, pois tem proximidade com os pacientes e apesar das dificuldades encontradas podem intervir no combate a esses casos contribuindo na devolução da qualidade de vida dessas pessoas.