The increasing use of natural gas power generation has strengthened the interdependence between the power and natural gas subsystems in the integrated power and gas system (IPGS). Due to the interactions between the two subsystems, the disturbances in one system may spread to the other one, triggering a disruptive avalanche of subsequent failures in the IPGS. This paper presents a survey of cascading failure analysis for the IPGS. First, we identify the important features characterizing cascading dynamics in individual power and gas subsystems. Then, we will discuss the features for the cascading failure analysis in the IPGS and future research.

The J Project (JP) physician education and clinical research collaboration program was established in 2004 by clinician scientists in Eastern and Central Europe (ECE) to increase awareness of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) and improve the complex care of patients with these conditions [1, 2]. By the end of 2021, 344 J Project meetings were organized (Table 1). The JP has created a collaborative, professional community of clinical immunologists, caring for more than 24,000 patients with PID and a remarkable number of joint publications [1–3]. While most of us live in a peaceful environment, the world is now full of conflict and unsolved legacies, and the area covered by our JP network is no exception. Many of these disputes concern politics and religion, culture and traditions, and some relate to the borders of countries, the citizens of which simply wish to live in peace. Those of us working in medicine, presumably with responsibility only for the physical and mental health of those we treat, are suffering from the consequences of local and global conflicts. We remember when many of our colleagues decided not to attend the 2nd J Project Congress in Antalya, Turkey, because of the conflict between their countries at the time. This is why we formulated a succinct message delivered at the 2nd J Project Congress in Antalya, reiterating that our meeting was dedicated to patients and peace. But, after 18 years of working together in the PID or inborn errors of immunity (IEI) field, the loudest and strongest message to come out of the JP is that we are still together and growing in terms of the area covered, the countries and centers included, and we are developing across existing differences of various kinds between the 32 countries now involved in the project [1]. We are not alone in this endeavor. Indeed, we collaborate closely with the European Society for Immunodeficiencies, the Jeffrey Modell Foundation, and pharmaceutical companies, which provide educational grants for the organization of JP meetings [2]. We are not immune from the problems of a lack of engagement with this wonderful joint project, albeit in only a few countries or a few centers in some countries. We continually try to persuade the less active centers to re-engage in the Project and to bring them back into the fold. We hope to convince them that the JP exists primarily to help those who are lagging behind, and that the reward for our efforts is the diagnosis and treatment of more and more patients throughout Central Europe and Eurasia, including, recently, in Siberia and the Far East of Russia [3, 4]. Advanced centers should be keen to find new ways to help the less developed centers and to raise the global level of patient management and understanding of the importance of IEI throughout medical fields. In a more global sense, the JP provides us with an excellent example of how to overcome differences and conflicts between countries and nations and to build collegiality and friendship through a focus on professional collaboration in our growing community, even during times of strife when tensions surround us. A prominent expression of our strength and reach is the increasing number of PID-focused meetings (Fig. 1), reflecting considerable ambition and enthusiasm and paving the way for improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of patients in our still largely neglected but rapidly developing field [5]. * László Maródi edamarodi@gmail.com

During the pandemic period, smart logistics applications have rapidly changed the way organizations do business in order to provide competitive products and services while still remaining flexible. Smart logistics applications and demand forecasting, which have an important place in ensuring customer satisfaction and increasing competitive advantage, came to the fore even more in this period. However, smart logistics applications are often bogged down by several barriers, and then there is the need to choose the most ideal demand forecasting method despite these barriers. The main purpose of this study is to assess the barriers to the smart logistics applications in companies that receive and provide logistics services with corporate identity in Ordu Province, and to choose the most ideal demand forecasting method during the COVID-19 period. This study has the characteristic of a roadmap that helps the construction of smart logistics transformation applications by detecting barriers related to smart logistics applications and determining the most ideal demand forecasting alternative in logistics sector. Fuzzy FUCOM (FUll COnsistency Method)-based interval rough EDAS (Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution) methodology was used to weight the barriers and to rank and choose the most ideal demand forecasting method during COVID-19 period, respectively.

Background: Scientometry is a part of Scientology (the science of science) that analyzes scientific articles and their citation in a selected sample of scientific journals. The basic part of scientometry is bibliometrics, which was introduced in the 1970s to mark quantitative research on communication processes by applying appropriate mathematical and statistical methods to published publications. Scientific research is the only real way and method for the proliferation of true knowledge in all spheres of science, but also in academic institutions. The ability to study a scientific problem is the highest level of knowledge. Medical

This study investigates the entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions of the working-age population in Bosnia and Herzegovina by considering a set of demographic and entrepreneurial background factors. Using a cross-sectional survey design, 782 responses were collected. To test hypotheses, confirmatory factor analysis, Welch's t-test, one-way variance analysis with Brown-Forsythe, Welch's F, and least square difference post hoc tests were used. The results suggest several theoretical and practical implications. First, entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions are statistically different constructs. Second, there were mixed results regarding demographic factors where age is a significant differentiator in entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions, experience and education are partial, while gender is insignificant. Third, concerning entrepreneurial background factors, both entrepreneurial education and family are significant differentiators in entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions. Finally, the study contributes to the current state of knowledge by empirically demonstrating divergence between entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions, extending the comparative research to the working-age population, and providing implications within the context of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The aim of this article was to present a summary of the current resources available in the literature regarding the role of inflammation in anal cancer development. Anal cancer is relatively uncommon, accounting for about 2.7% of all reported gastrointestinal cancers in the United States. However, the importance of understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors for anal cancer has been recognized over the last several decades due to a noticed increase in incidence worldwide. Infections, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology cause chronic inflammation that promotes tumorigenesis. The association between chronic inflammation and cancer development is widely accepted. It is based on different pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to cellular transformation and changes in immunological response, allowing tumor cells to avoid apoptosis and immune surveillance. However, there are still many molecular and cellular mechanisms that remain largely unexplored. Further studies on this topic could be of tremendous significance in elucidating anal cancer pathogenesis and developing immunotherapeutic approaches for its treatment.

Plant-derived products are frequently found as ingredients in cosmetics. However, the current data show non-neglectable skin sensitizing potential of these preparations suggesting an urgent need for data regarding their health safety profile. The aim of this study was to assess the skin sensitization potential of commercial essential oils by selected Lamiaceae species (Lavandula angustifolia, Melissa officinalis, Mentha longifolia, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis, and Rosmarinus officinalis) using a chemistry-based Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay (DPRA) in order to predict their potential allergic properties. In the DPRA assay, nucleophile-containing synthetic peptides (cysteine peptide and lysine peptide) were incubated with the test substance for 24 h. Depletion of the peptide in the reaction mixture was measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using UV detection and the average peptide depletion data for cysteine and lysine was then calculated. Menthae longifoliae aetheroleum showed no or minimal reactivity with 4.48% cysteine depletion, Rosmarini aetheroleum and Salviae aetheroleum showed low reactivity with the 12.79% and 15.34% of cysteine depletion, respectively, while the other analyzed essential oils showed moderate reactivity with the cysteine depletion between 23.21 and 48.43%. According to DPRA predictive analysis, only Menthae longifoliae aetheroleum can be classified as negative, while all other essential oils may be classified as positive, thus having the potential to cause skin sensitization.

This study was conducted with three aims. The first aim of our study was to examine both construct-related validity and content validity of the Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test (Arslan et al. 2012) in Bosnia and Herzegovina university student sample. The Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test is a three-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test consisting of 13 questions on global warming, greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion and acid rain. The second aim of this study was to examine scientific understanding as well as misunderstanding of atmosphere-related environmental problems among B&H university student sample. Finally, the third aim of our study was to compare scientific understanding and misconceptions of the atmosphere-related environmental problems with respect to educational background. A total of 445 students (22,7% males) of three faculty participated in the research. Results indicate that Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test measures a single construct of general scientific knowledge about atmosphere-related environmental problems. In addition, the content validity and reliability were satisfactory. Results obtained in our study show that students’ overall understanding of each content area was low but comparable to knowledge of pre-service teachers in the USA (Arslan et al. 2012; Kahraman, 2019). Similar to earlier research, most incorrect answers resulted from lack of knowledge rather than from misconceptions. Students who attended ecology classes scored higher than students who had not attended these classes. However, although having higher scores on Atmosphere-related environmental problems diagnostic test, students who attended ecology classes also exhibited more misconceptions related to atmosphere-related environmental problems compare to who had not attended ecology classes. This finding indicates that in the context of university education in Bosnia and Herzegovina, one has to also check for possible sources of didaktikogenic misconceptions related to environmental education.

Plastic fragments, weathered into or released in the form of micro- and nanoplastics, are persistent and widespread in the environment, and it is anticipated that they have negative environmental impacts. This necessitates immediate efforts for management strategies throughout the entire plastics lifecycle. This opinion paper was initiated by the EU COST Action CA20101 PRIORITY, which focuses on the need to develop an effective global networking platform dealing with research, implementation, and consolidation of ways to address the worldwide challenges associated with micro- and nanoplastics pollution in the environment.