Characterizing the size distribution of airborne particles carrying SARS-CoV-2 virus is essential for understanding and predicting airborne transmission and spreading of COVID-19 disease in hospitals as well as public and home indoor settings. Nonetheless, few data are currently available on virus-laden particle size distribution. Thus, the aim of this study is reporting the total concentrations and size distributions of SARS-CoV-2- genetic material in airborne particles sampled in hospital and home environments. A nanoMOUDI R122 cascade impactor (TSI, USA) was used to collect size-segregated aerosol down to the sub-micron range in home and in three different hospital environments in presence of infected patients in order to provide the concentration of airborne SARS-CoV-2 genetic material for each particle size range at different sampling locations. Providing one of the largest datasets of detailed size-fractionated airborne SARS-CoV-2 RNA to date, we found that 45.2 % of the total sub- and super-micrometric fractions were positive for SARS-CoV-2 with its genetic material being present in 17.7 % of sub-micrometric (0.18–1 μm) and 81.9 % of super-micrometric (>1 μm) fractions. The highest concentration of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in total suspended particles (5.6 ± 3.4 RNA copies m−3) was detected in the room occupied with patients with more severe COVID-19 symptoms collected during the patients' high flow nasal oxygen therapy. The highest concentration at certain particle size fraction strongly depends on the sampling environment. However, the contribution of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material was in favour of super-micrometric compared to sub-micrometric particle size range. The evaluation of the individual risk of infection was carried out on the basis of the obtained data considering a hypothetical exposure scenario. The obtained results indicate the necessity of the protective masks in presence of infected subjects, especially while staying for longer period of time in the hospital environments.

The primary goal of this research was to determine the differences in kinematic parameters between the first and second serves in tennis among the elite players of the German league. The sample of respondents in this research consisted of 30 elite male senior players of the German League who have "Leistungklasse" from 1 to 7. The kinematic parameters that were analyzed are: Height of ball impact (KPVUL), Racket speed (KPBRE), Ball speed (KPBLO), The angle at the elbow joint of the arm that hits the ball (KPULZ), Oscillation of the vertical projection of the center of gravity of the body (KPOVP), Jump height (KPVSK), Ball launch height (KPVIL), The point of contact between the ball and the racket "sweetspot" (KPMLR), Ball rotation "Top spin" (KPRLO). The video recording required for kinematic analysis was acquired with two Casio EX-F1 digital cameras at a frequency of 200 images per second. The camera was placed at an angle of 900 in relation to the recording plane, and they were at a distance of 10 m. Space calibration was performed with the help of a calibration frame (200 x 200 cm). We have installed Zepp Tennis Smart Sensor 2.0 in the handle of the Wilson Pro Staff RF97 Autograph racket, using the Zepp Tennis application software. "Kinovea" software was used for service analysis and obtaining kinematic parameters from video recordings. By analyzing the results of the T-test for independent samples, it can be seen that there are statistically significant differences in five of the nine analyzed kinematic parameters : KPBRE – kinematic parameter of racket speed (Sig.=.000), KPBLO – kinematic parameter of ball speed (Sig.=.000), KPULZ – kinematic parameter angle in the elbow joint (Sig.=.000), KPMLR – kinematic parameter point of contact between the ball and the racket (Sig.=.000), as well as a variable KPRLO – kinematic parameter of ball rotation (Sig.=.000). Larger numeric values in variables: KPVUL – kinematic parameter ball impact height, KPOVP – kinematic parameter of oscillation of the vertical projection of the center of gravity of the body, KPVSK – kinematic parameter jump height and KPVIL – kinematic parameter ball impact height, show a difference but it is not enough to be statistically different. Key words: tennis, kinematic analysis, racket speed, Zepp sensor

This article investigates the relationship between the dimensions of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (which includes attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, and perceived control behavior) and entrepreneurial intentions and intrapreneurial intentions, considering entrepreneurial orientation as a moderator. Using the snowball sampling method, cross-sectional data were collected from 437 respondents. After testing for reliability and validity using confirmatory factor analysis, hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression. The results indicate that the attitudes toward entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control positively relate to entrepreneurial intentions. In contrast, attitude toward intrapreneurship is the only dimension of the theory of planned behavior positively related to intrapreneurial intentions. The moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation is only significant for the relationship between attitude toward entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. Based on the results, several recommendations are made for businesses and policymakers to boost entrepreneurial activity among the current labor force.

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods have gained increased attention in sustainable engineering, where complex decision-making problems require consideration of multiple criteria and stakeholder perspectives. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the different MCDM methods, their applications in sustainable engineering, and their strengths and weaknesses. The paper discusses the concept of sustainable engineering, its principles, and the different areas where MCDM methods have been applied, including energy, manufacturing, transportation, and environmental engineering. Case studies of real-world applications are presented and analyzed, highlighting the main findings and implications for engineering practice. Finally, the challenges and limitations of MCDM methods in sustainable engineering are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. This review contributes to the understanding of the role of MCDM methods in sustainable engineering and provides guidance for researchers and practitioners.

Introduction: The most important biochemical reactions of the human organism take place in the liver, and therefore it represents one of the most important organs for life. Parameters that play an important role in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients are the enzymes ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, and bilirubin. Objective: To evaluate the serum activity of enzymes and bilirubin in patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Materials and methods: The study included 120 patients aged over 50 years. Among them, 40 patients had liver cirrhosis, 40 had cancer and liver metastases, and 40 patients were apparently healthy (control group). The concentrations of AST, ALT, GGT, and ALP were determined on Abbott Architect i2000sr biochemical analyzer and Dimension analyzer. Results: The study showed that the mean values of the studied parameters were significantly higher in subjects with liver cirrhosis and cancer with liver metastases than in the control group. A statistically significant difference (p <0.05) was found in ALP and bilirubin concentrations between the studied groups. In addition, the study revealed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in ALT, AST, and GGT activity between subjects with cancer and the control group and subjects with cirrhosis and the control group. Conclusions: The results confirm that the activities of enzymes ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, and bilirubin were increased in subjects with cirrhosis and cancer compared to the control group.

Introduction: Many epidemiological studies have shown a connection between vitamin D deficiency and increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of vitamin D levels in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, taking into account the following parameters: gender, place of residence, positive/negative family history, comorbidities. Respondents and methods: The research was conducted through a retrospective analysis of the medical records of the Children's Disease Clinic of the University Clinical Hospital Mostar. The research included a sample of 30 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, treated at the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Clinic for Children's Diseases, University Clinical Hospital Mostar. Results: The research consisted of 30 participants treated at the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Clinic fo Children's Disease. The sample consists of 40% (n=12) male respondents and 60% (n=18) female respondents. Slightly more than half of the respondnents, 53.3% (n=16) lived in the city, while the remaining 46.7% (n=14) lived in the countryside. Statistical analysis of the patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, showed that there were significantly more patients (70%) with positive family history of diabetes mellitus than those with negative. In this study, 26.7% (n=8) patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes had comorbidities, compared to 73.3% patients without comorbidities (n=22). Patients living in rural areas had significantly higher values of vitamin D3 concentration compared do those who lived in urban areas. Conclusion: 83.3% of subjects with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes have a reduced level of vitamin D at the time of diagnosis. Numerous studies have shown a link between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of developing diabetes. Due to all of the above, supplementation and control of vitamin D is recommended, especially in children who have a risk in the form of positive family history and comorbidities such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and celiac disease from an early age for the purpose of prevention.

SUMMARY Introduction: Due to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, experts have expressed concern for psychological functioning and well-being globally, with a particular reference to life quality disorder. Aim: To determine the connectin of recovery and the degree of life quality. Respondents and methods: A cross-sectional survey is carried out. The sample in the research consist of persons of both sexes at the age of 18, who have recovered from the infection, reviewing more than a year since the beginning of this research. The test survey was done by 384 respondents, which was carried out from October to December 2022. It was used a questionare survey, designed for research purpose, consisting of socio-demographich characteristics, characteristics of COVID-19 infection and consequences of COVID-19 infection. Results: By the comparison of established frequencies of response, confirmations of agreement and disagreement of the claims examinated is established that significantly higher percentage of respondents have noticed, in their functioning after COVID-19 infection, the appearance of fatigue and muscles weakness (65,9%), significant hair loss (57,8) and higher level of symptoms of depression and anxiety (43,8%). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has markedly influenced life quality and has affected all aspects of life and health.

Introduction: Vaccination against infectious diseases is the most effective, cost-effective, often unavoidable, or the only possible way to protect individuals and the population from infectious diseases. In the last ten years, a lack of understanding and knowledge about the benefits of vaccination has led to a decline in the number of vaccinated children and the danger of the reappearance of already eradicated infectious diseases. Objective: To examine the knowledge and attitudes about mandatory vaccination of children among students of the Faculty of Health Studies and the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Mostar. Respondents and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, which included 150 respondents in the third and fourth year of study, 50 respondents from the Faculty of Medicine, and 100 respondents from the Nursing and Sanitary Engineering study tracks at the Faculty of Health Studies. Data were collected through a self-assessment questionnaire. Results: Over 90% of respondents have a positive attitude towards vaccination and would vaccinate their children. The results show that respondents form their attitudes about vaccination based on academic activities. Students with a positive attitude about vaccination also showed greater knowledge about it. Nursing students have the weakest knowledge, followed by showing a greater aversion to vaccines than other respondents. More than a quarter of respondents are convinced of the connection between autism and vaccines, and this is also the case for autoimmune diseases. Conclusion: Although students of biomedical studies have positive attitudes about vaccination, the level of knowledge was more significant among students of the Faculty of Medicine compared to the study tracks of the Faculty of Health Studies.

Objetivo: Apresentar a implantação e desenvolvimento de um processo sistematizado de prescrição de Projeto Terapêutico Singular (PTS) para pacientes internados em um Centro de Reabilitação do Centro-Oeste brasileiro e seus desdobramentos e potencialidades para aplicação em diversos perfis de pacientes hospitalizados. Relato de experiência: A metodologia de prescrição e gerenciamento de PTS nos serviços da instituição conta com o envolvimento do paciente, sua família e equipe multiprofissional, que desempenham diversos papéis durante o processo: desde a avaliação de diagnóstico e prognóstico, até o gerenciamento de dados e desenvolvimento de planos de ação de melhoria. A implantação do PTS conforme a metodologia proposta se mostrou adaptável e funcional para gerenciar a jornada do paciente e auxiliou a organização e manejo da equipe diante dos prognósticos apresentados. A prescrição do PTS trouxe mais agilidade e funcionalidade na avaliação e manejo dos casos, proporcionando condutas mais assertivas voltadas às necessidades e desejos dos pacientes. Considerações finais: O gerenciamento do PTS contribui para o alcance de diversas metas institucionais e proporciona melhores desfechos clínicos aos pacientes, impactando diretamente na qualidade de vida dos mesmos, além da redução de custos e melhoria da performance da gestão sócio-econômica da saúde pública.

To generate oregano essential oil, the leaves and flowering tops of the Origanum vulgare plant go through the process known as steam distillation. This essential oil is known for its antibacterial activity. Bacterial biofilms are microbial communities attached to inert surfaces or tissues and encapsulated in complex matrices. Planktonic bacteria reversibly attach to surfaces, form microcolonies, and generate polymeric matrices around biofilms. Bacteria in biofilms provide bacteria with a safer way to reproduce and survive. This research tests the antibacterial activity and effect on the biofilm formation of Oregano essential oil. The antibacterial activity and effect on biofilm formation were tested against five bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli ATCC 14169, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 12393, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The concentrations of oil that were used in this research were 100%(v/v), 75%(v/v), 50%(v/v), and 25%(v/v). The best antibacterial effect was achieved against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 12393 at 25%(v/v) of oil concentration. While performing the experiment, a variety of oregano oil concentrations had significant results for further tests to be performed.