With the advent of clean energy awareness and systems that rely on extensive battery use, Battery Management Systems (BMSs) have seen an increased inclusion in modern complex systems like electric vehicles and power grids. This has presented a new set of security-related challenges. Security concerns arise when BMSs are intended to extend their communication with external systems, as their interaction can leave many backdoors open that potential attackers could exploit. Consequently, we explore and propose a security architecture solution intended for the authentication and session key establishment between BMS and other system devices. The aim of the proposed architecture is to be applicable in different industrial settings and systems, while at the same time keeping the design lightweight in nature. To achieve this, we use the implicit certificates with the ECQV schema. We show the applicability of the design through a security and performance analysis of our implemented test setup.

Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are contaminants of broiler skin, and in unauthorized numbers cause campylobacteriosis in consumers where symptoms range from gastrointestinal to life-threatening. The number of chicken bacteria and their genetic diversity depend on the growing conditions, and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes is the result of irrational use of antibiotics. The purpose of this paper is to point out the importance of reducing the contamination of Campylobacter spp. in broiler production as well as the importance of the rational use of antibiotics in the production of broilers with a contribution to the prevention of the spread of campylobacteriosis and antibiotic resistance. The incidence of campylobacteriosis can be prevented by the concept of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) in broiler production and the use of probiotics as biological preservatives in broiler meat. The spread of antibiotic resistance genes can be reduced by prohibition of antibiotic use for   prophylaxis and only permitted for medication.

Plyometric movement improves athletes’ muscular performance and is used in the plyometric training method as an unavoidable principle of explosive power and speed development training. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of plyometric programs on biomechanical parameters, including any differences between them. The study focused on three sports, junior age group athletes, and was based on a systematic analysis of previous results. Electronic databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ERIC were searched for studies from 1999 to 2022. The results from 15 studies are summarized in detail. They show the positive effects of the plyometric programs on biomechanical parameters equally in the three sports. Training duration ranges from 20 to 90 min, and is directly related to the intensity of training and the number of jumps. Shorter sessions are of very high intensity with fewer jumps, while longer sessions are moderate and high intensity with fewer jumps (more than 138 to more than 2976). The most frequent training duration is 45 to 60 min, with high intensity and 600 to 900 different jumps. Greater improvements in explosive power and speed are seen in the parameters of sprint and jump tests. High intensity programs lasted from seven to 12 weeks, with a frequency of two to four times a week (СМЈ 6,2% to 16,9%, while for SJ 7,6% to 19,8%), while lower intensity programs lasted from three to six weeks (СМЈ 6,3% to 9,1%, and for SJ 6,6% to 8,9%). It is concluded that longer programs, of a moderate and high intensity and training sessions from 45 to 60 min, enable the best progress, regardless of sport.

Similar to any spoof detection systems, power grid monitoring systems and devices are subject to various cyberattacks by determined and well-funded adversaries. Many well-publicized real-world cyberattacks on power grid systems have been publicly reported. Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) networks with Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs) are the main building blocks of the overall wide area monitoring and situational awareness systems in the power grid. The data between PMUs and PDC(s) are sent through the legacy networks, which are subject to many attack scenarios under with no, or inadequate, countermeasures in protocols, such as IEEE 37.118-2. In this paper, we consider a stealthier data spoofing attack against PMU networks, called a mirroring attack, where an adversary basically injects a copy of a set of packets in reverse order immediately following their original positions, wiping out the correct values. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time in the literature, we consider a more challenging attack both in terms of the strategy and the lower percentage of spoofed attacks. As part of our countermeasure detection scheme, we make use of novel framing approach to make application of a 2D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based approach which avoids the computational overhead of the classical sample-based classification algorithms. Our experimental evaluation results show promising results in terms of both high accuracy and true positive rates even under the aforementioned stealthy adversarial attack scenarios.

our study concerning the long- term effectiveness and safety of thiopurine monotherapy in bowel the benefit– risk balance of thiopurines in real- practice and observed that thiopurine monotherapy durable for patients IBD, A reassuring prolonged effectiveness at 5 and 10 years after therapy

Research has shown that technology promotes learning environments that stimulate improved learning performance, learners satisfaction and completion rates. Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated environment with scenes and objects that look and feel real, making the user feel immersed in that world. This immersion provides learning and training opportunities in a variety of areas. This paper aims to investigate the perceived usefulness, ease of use and impression of the presented solution and whether it can improve the safety and effectiveness of field demining missions. A focus group study was conducted. The findings of the study are very positive, and show an affirmative attitude towards the use of the presented application for the purpose of educating and training new deminers.

A rapid increase in development and use of Extended Reality applications for all areas of life is expected in metaverse age. Many museums are in the last decade introducing digital content in their exhibitions. They hired digital curators to establish connection with developers and IT industry. Extended Reality technologies enable museum visitors to experience the topics of exhibitions, see original appearances of exhibits and travel to the past through Virtual Reality headsets or Augmented Reality applications on mobile devices. In this paper we show an example of good practice, describing the application Battle on Neretva VR installed in the Museum in Jablanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. We present the application design and development workflow and show the impressions of museum management and visitors after introducing it in the exhibition. This workflow can be replicated to any museum topic or collection.

Next-generation intelligent transportation systems require a communication technology that can satisfy high demands in terms of latency and reliability. One of the promising communication technologies to satisfy such demands is the fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) for the vehicle-to-everything (V2X). To support the development of NR-V2X systems in the 5.9 GHz band, it is essential to perform channel measurements in high-mobility scenarios. High-mobility scenarios in the 5.9 GHz band have been well investigated through drive-by measurement campaigns. Although such measurements deliver real-world results, they do not allow for controlled experiments. To investigate propagation characteristics of the 5.9GHz band, we perform controllable and repeatable channel measurements at different velocities (25, 50, 100 and 125 km/h) in an urban environment. Furthermore, we compare measured wireless channels in terms of the normalized average local scattering function.

This paper presents an intensive case study of 10 participants in the US and South Korea interacting with a robotic companion pet in their own homes over the course of several weeks. Participants were tracked every second of every day during that period of time. The fundamental goal was to determine whether there were significant differences in the types of interactions that occurred across those cultural settings, and how those differences affected modeling of the human-robot interactions. We collected a mix of quantitative and qualitative data through sensors onboard the robot, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and participant interviews. Results showed that there were significant differences in how participants in Korea interacted with the robotic pet relative to participants in the US, which impacted machine learning and deep learning models of the interactions. Moreover, those differences were connected to differences in participant perceptions of the robot based on the qualitative interviews. The work here suggests that it may be necessary to develop culturally-specific models and/or sensor suites for human-robot interaction (HRI) in the future, and that simply adapting the same robot's behavior through cultural homophily may be insufficient.

INTRODUCTION Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) belongs to the countries of the Western Balkan located in Southeast Europe with an area of 51 129 km. The country is located in the continental part of Europe and extends to the Adriatic Sea. B&H is bordering Croatia in the north, west, and south; in the east, the country is bordered by Serbia, in the southeast by Montenegro, and in the southwest by the Adriatic Sea (Figure 1). According to the 2013 population census, B&H has 3 531 159 inhabitants, which is significantly less than in the 1991 census when the country counted 4 377 033. There are 2 219 220 people living in the Federation of B&H and 1 228 423 in the Republic of Srpska, and 83 880 people live in the Brčko District.

ABSTRACT Child sexual abuse (CSA) affects all cultures and sociodemographic sections. As health professionals, pediatricians are often the first line of defense when it comes to CSA identification and reporting. Our previous study examined encounters, competence, beliefs, and reporting regarding CSA among pediatricians in countries of the former Yugoslavia, Serbia, and Montenegro. Following up on this work, we expanded our research to another neighboring country, the Republic of Srpska (RS). Sixty pediatricians were surveyed in 2020, comprising 30% of all practicing pediatricians in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Hercegovina. Compared to their colleagues from Serbia and Montenegro, RS pediatricians revealed an increased perception that children are often abused by someone they do know well, were more confident in their abilities to detect CSA, reported a higher number of CSA cases, and were more interested in further trainings on the subject of CSA. Despite this, the level of underreporting remained high (40%). To our knowledge, this is the first study to both assess and compare CSA-related attitudes in this part of the world. Key differences between RS, other two neighboring countries as well as from other countries worldwide are likely to stem from the level of pediatricians’ training and education, as well as from the socio-cultural and legislation context. Although encouraging, our data indicate a need for further research in the countries of the former Yugoslavia.

INTRODUCTION: Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) by screening programs is crucial because survival rates worsen at advanced stages. However, the currently used screening method, the fecal immunochemical test (FIT), suffers from a high number of false-positives and is insensitive for detecting advanced adenomas (AAs), resulting in false-negatives for these premalignant lesions. Therefore, more accurate, noninvasive screening tools are needed. In this study, the utility of analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath in a FIT-positive population to detect the presence of colorectal neoplasia was studied. METHODS: In this multicenter prospective study, breath samples were collected from 382 FIT-positive patients with subsequent colonoscopy participating in the national Dutch bowel screening program (n = 84 negative controls, n = 130 non-AAs, n = 138 AAs, and n = 30 CRCs). Precolonoscopy exhaled VOCs were analyzed using thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the data were preprocessed and analyzed using machine learning techniques. RESULTS: Using 10 discriminatory VOCs, AAs could be distinguished from negative controls with a sensitivity and specificity of 79% and 70%, respectively. Based on this biomarker profile, CRC and AA combined could be discriminated from controls with a sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 70%, respectively, and CRC alone could be discriminated from controls with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 70%, respectively. Moreover, the feasibility to discriminate non-AAs from controls and AAs was shown. DISCUSSION: VOCs in exhaled breath can detect the presence of AAs and CRC in a CRC screening population and may improve CRC screening in the future.

Sleeping disease is a highly infectious viral disease caused by salmonid alphavirus subtype 2 (SAV2 FW), affecting mainly rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss farmed in freshwater. During March to May 2014, disease episodes with clinical signs of sleeping disease in rainbow trout fingerlings occurred almost simultaneously in 2 trout farms located in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and Serbia. The infection of rainbow trout with SAV2 FW in 2 farms was confirmed by virus isolation and molecular methods. This is the first isolation and molecular characterization of SAV2 FW in BiH and Serbia.