: The samples of Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae) aerial parts were collected from four different localities in sub-Mediterranean area of Bosnia and Herzegovina and subjected to phytochemical profiling. Shade-dried and fresh samples were used to determine their headspace volatile organic composition by solid-phase microextraction on two differently coated fibers. Corresponding essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation. Both headspace and essential oil were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Among detected compounds, piperitenone oxide and pulegone were dominant in the headspace of shade-dried and fresh C. nepeta samples. The essential oils contained 42 compounds including pulegone (44.8%), piperitenone (48.8%) and piperitenone oxide (60.2%) as the major compounds, followed by limonene, cis piperitone oxide, p -menthone and dihydrocarvyl acetate. In this work, a wide range of volatile compounds present in C. nepeta samples from Bosnia and Herzegovina was determined. The obtained data provides detail phytochemical analysis of the volatiles of C. nepeta and therefore completes earlier researches of this plant from the other geographical areas.

New online forms of giving have appeared next to more traditional ways like door-to-door collections. One of these new forms is philanthropic crowdfunding: donation- and reward-based crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is a promising method for mobilising and recruiting donors who may be unreachable via traditional methods. We analysed online giving via crowdfunding, focusing on donor characteristics and giving behaviour before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis comprises survey research (n = 2125) observing giving behaviour on an individual level for both donors and non-donors. Our contributions are twofold. First, we report on the characteristics of donors who give to crowdfunding sources and in relation to donors who give via a door-to-door (i.e., ‘traditional’) collection focusing on micro- rather than macro-level data. Second, we compare the giving behaviour via crowdfunding with references to door-to-door collections before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that the percentage of individuals supporting crowdfunding did not increase between 2018 (11%) and 2020 (12%). Regarding the amount, donors donated 13% higher amounts in 2020, but the difference was not significant. Regarding the characteristics of donors, we find that social media has a substantive role in giving via crowdfunding irrespective of other personal markers such as age, education, income, and gender, while this is not relevant in the case of door-to-door collection. Moreover, most people give to crowdfunding projects that are connected to an acquaintance, which signals that familiarity with the person initiating the crowdfunding projects plays a role. We conclude that crowdfunding, relative to more traditional giving, focuses more on informal giving than formal giving. Such an understanding requires different strategies and stimuli to increase giving via crowdfunding. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Philanthropy and Marketing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the penis. The 2022 WHO classification reinforces the 2016 classification and subclassifies precursor lesions and tumours into human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated and HPV‐independent types.

Objective Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) volume is a strong predictor of outcome in patients presenting with acute hemorrhagic stroke. It is necessary to segment the hematoma for ICH volume estimation and for computerized extraction of features, such as spot sign, texture parameters, or extravasated iodine content at dual-energy computed tomography. Manual and semiautomatic segmentation methods to delineate the hematoma are tedious, user dependent, and require trained personnel. This article presents a convolutional neural network to automatically delineate ICH from noncontrast computed tomography scans of the head. Methods A model combining a U-Net architecture with a masked loss function was trained on standard noncontrast computed tomography images that were down sampled to 256 × 256 size. Data augmentation was applied to prevent overfitting, and the loss score was calculated using the soft Dice loss function. The Dice coefficient and the Hausdorff distance were computed to quantitatively evaluate the segmentation performance of the model, together with the sensitivity and specificity to determine the ICH detection accuracy. Results The results demonstrate a median Dice coefficient of 75.9% and Hausdorff distance of 2.65 pixels in segmentation performance, with a detection sensitivity of 77.0% and specificity of 96.2%. Conclusions The proposed masked loss U-Net is accurate in the automatic segmentation of ICH. Future research should focus on increasing the detection sensitivity of the model and comparing its performance with other model architectures.

Predmet istraţivanja ovog rada je analiza uloge društvenih mreža u životu Generacije Z u Bosni i Hercegovini. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi na koji način društvene mreže determiniraju odrastanje i sazrijevanje novih generacija u dinamičnim društvenim tokovima. U tom smislu, težilo se ka empirijskom utvrđivanju i analizi aktualne situacije u vezi sa predmetnom temom i identifikacijom ključnih faktora utjecaja. Polazi se od hipoteze da upotreba interneta od ranog doba i interakcija sa društvenim mreţama Generacije Z mijenjaju način odrastanja ove generacije mladih. Korištene metode i tehnike istraţivanja: bazne metode logičkog zaključivanja, opštenaučne metode – pristup miksani metod, metode i tehnike za prikupljanje podataka. U zaključku je verifikovana polazna hipoteza i konstatovano je da društvene mreţe imaju značajnu ulogu u načinu odrastanja i sazrijevanja Generecije Z, što su novi izazovi socijalizacije ove generacije mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Significance The depth and sharpness of a midmantle seismic discontinuity, associated with the phase transition from mineral olivine to its higher-pressure polymorphs, provide essential clues to understanding the temperature and composition of Martian mantle. Using data from NASA’s InSight mission, we examined five marsquakes located 3,400 to 4,400 km away from the InSight lander and observed triplications of the P and S waves that resulted from the interaction with a seismic discontinuity produced by the postolivine transition. Our observations indicate that the Martian mantle is more iron rich than Earth,and both planets have a similar potential temperature. Our geodynamic modeling further constrains the mantle composition and surface heat flow and indicates that the mantle was cold in the early Noachian.

Cilj rada je utvrditi zastupljenost pojedinih rizičnih ponašanja kod djece osnovnoškolske dobi s obzirom na porodičnu strukturu i uključenost roditelja u preventivne aktivnosti. Uzorak ispitanika u ovom istraţivanju čine 450 učenika osnovne škole, uzrasta 12-13 godina, oba spola. Istraţivanje je realizovano u Općini Doboj Istok i Gračanica. Pojavni oblici rizičnih ponašanja ispitivani su primjenom Ahenbahovog integrisanog sistema procjene, verzijom za samoprocjenu adolescenata (ASEBA Youth Self-Report - YRS, Achenbach, 2007), dok je za podatke o stepenu rizika korišten Modificirani upitnik za procjenu nivoa rizičnosti/potreba (YLS/MCI) autora Andrews i Hoge (1994). Za statističku obradu podataka korištene su metode deskriptivne i inferencijalne statistike. Rezultati pokazuju da postoje jasne razlike u prisutnosti poremećaja u ponašanju učenika s obzirom na različitu porodičnu strukturu i učešće roditelja. Postoje značajne razlike izmeĎu adolescenata koji ţive sa oba roditelja i čiji su roditelji uključeni u preventivne aktivnosti i onih koji su iz nepotpune porodice i čiji se roditelji manje zalaţu. Statistički značajne razlike uočene su na skalama Agresivno ponašanje (t = - 3,55; p 0,00), Ponašanje kojim se krše pravila (t = -3,99; p 0,00) i dimenziji Eksternalizacije (t = -2,45; p 0,00). Nastojali smo ispitati i vezu strukturno poremećene porodice sa internaliziranim problemima i uočeno je da ne postoje statistički značajne razlike. Kroz interpretacije dobivenih rezultata moguće je zaključiti da razmatrana obiljeţja učenika znatno doprinose fenomenologiji rizičnih ponašanja, što upućuje na mogućnost i opravdanost kreiranja različitih intervencija usmjerenih prevenciji rizičnih ponašanja različitih skupina djece i mladih.

Abstract Hypertensive syndrome in pregnancy complicates up to 15% of pregnancies, and preeclampsia (PE) occurs in about 3–10% of pregnant women. Inadequate prenatal care is associated with higher mortality from PE, possibly due to reduced monitoring, detection, and missed opportunities for early intervention. The imperative of the clinician’s work is to monitor the symptoms and clinical signs of PE, and stratification of patients in relation to the risk of PE is essential. PE represents a multisystem inflammatory response, and the consequences can be expected in all organs. The question of the effect of PE on long-term maternal health is raised. The aim of the paper is to present the effect of PE on the patient’s health through the prism of low-income countries.

Krivično zakonodavstvo u Bosni i Hercegovini poznaje dva različita pristupa kada je u pitanju krivično gonjenje za djelo seksualnog uznemiravanja. S jedne strane, krivično gonjenje se preduzima po službenoj dužnosti u skladu s odredbama Zakona o ravnopravnosti polova u Bosni i Hercegovini, dok Krivični zakonik Republike Srpske nalaže da se krivično gonjenje preduzima po prijedlogu oštećenog. Nedostatak ovog rješenja u Republici Srpskoj je što povećava mogućnost da počinilac utiče na žrtvu kako bi spriječio eventualno podnošenje prijedloga za krivično gonjenje, zbog odnosa podređenosti ili zavisnosti između aktivnog i pasivnog subjekta. Zaštićene grupe, između ostalih, mogu biti djeca ili osobe sa posebnim potrebama koje imaju zakonske zastupnike ovlaštene za podnošenje prijedloga za krivično gonjenje, čime je ova odluka prepuštena ovim zastupnicima koji postaju procjenitelji da li određeno ponašanje predstavlja krivično djelo. Posebno je problematično kada su upravo zakonski zastupnici zaštićenih kategorija ti koji vrše seksualno uznemiravanje djece o kojoj se brinu.

Rehabilitacija predstavlja pravo osuđene osobe da se nakon proteka određenog vremena od izdrţane kazne, te pod uslovima odreĎenim zakonom, smatra osobom koja nije počinila krivično djelo. Znači, svrha rehabilitacije je da obustavi negativno dejstvo pravnih posljedica osude, te da se na taj način bivši osuđenik izjednači u svim pravima sa ostalim građanima. Autorice u radu govore o pojmu, vrstama te historijskom toku razvoja sistema rehabilitacije. Ukazuju na probleme u vezi sa nastupanjem rehabilitacije, kao i na razlike u odnosu na slične krivičnopravne instute, koji mogu stvarati zabunu u poimanju ovog instituta. U najvećem dijelu rada, daju osvrt na aktuelna rješenja u propisima Bosne i Hercegovine, Republike Hrvatske i Republike Srbije, nagalašavajući važne sličnosti i razlike između navedenih rješenja i ukazujući na specifične institute, kaznene evidencije i posebne registre spesifičnih učinilaca pojedinih krivičnih djela.

Razumijevanje odnosa svjesnih i nesvjesnih procesa koji se odvijaju unutar čovjekovog uma pomoću kojih se izraţavaju određena pozitivna ili negativna ponašanja, implicitna ili eksplicitna - predstavlja područje istraţivanja mnogih nauka. Buđenjem svijesti posebno u posljednjih petnaest godina akcenat se stavlja na uzroke ponašanja koja diskriminiraju po bilo kojoj osnovi i ukazuju na potrebu razvijanja boljih socijalnih odnosa na temelju ravnopravnosti, tolerancije, čovjekoljublja i isti su intencijom brojnih školskih programa.Škola i druge institucije koncipirane su tako da predstavljaju resurs društvu, pa čak i onda kada isto modeluje neprihvatljive oblike ponašanja budućim generacijama. Odgojno-obrazovni sistem djeluje interventnim i preventivnim programima radi preveniranja ovih oblika ponašanja dok djeca istodobno usvajaju raznovrsne predrasudne i stereotipne modele ponašanja, izgraĎujući stavove o drugima, čak i onda kada “te druge” nikada nisu sreli. Implicira da kompetitivna sredina, nedostatak saradnje, pasivnost i sankcionisanje kritičkog mišljenja predstavlja pogodno tlo za diskriminaciju svih kategorija društva te da načinom rada heterogene skupine nastavnog osoblja, ni škola nije imuna na nedostatak kvalitete. U radu se upravo bavimo procjenom jačine djelovanja kvalitete rada nastavnika i stručnih saradnika i to onih, fokusiranih na prevenciju neprihvatljivih obrazaca ponašanja kroz minimum tj. samo sedam radionica stručnih saradnika i nastavnika. Pred test i post test obuhvataju 246 učenika različitih uzrasta iz osnovnih i srednjih škola i 147 radionica od strane 21 nastavnika/stručnog saradnika. Rezultati govore u prilog potreba za intervencijama u slučajevima pojave nasilja u školama, te o promjenama ponašanja učenika prilikom rješavanja problema u situacijama prije i poslije učestvovanja u radionicama Programa. Više od 50% odgovora nastavnika i saradnika govore u prilog pozitivnih efekata nakon primjene sedam radionica. Rad je empirijskog karaktera zasnovan na imenovanju pojava koje ugroţavaju kvalitet (su)ţivota, a koje djeca internalizuju u budućim ponašanjima, te nudi smjernice za uspostavljanje prakse bazirane na obrazovanju koje poziva na mir u svim aspektima života trenutnih i budućih generacija.

On a sample of 147 students (78 male and 69 female), in the first year of the Faculty of Security Studies from Banja Luka, research was conducted with the aim of determining the differences between the achieved grade and the selfassessment of motor skills between male and female students, based on the results obtained by applying adequate tests for assessment and self-assessment of students motor status. Assessment of the motor abilities was performed through a battery of six tests: the maximum number of push-ups performed in 10 seconds (MSKL) - used to assess the dynamic strength of the arms and shoulder girdle, the standing long jump (MSDM) - used to assess the explosive power of the lower extremities, agility with with a club (MOKP) - used to assess the coordination of the whole body, the maximum number of trunk lifts performed in 30 seconds (MPTR) - used to assess the dynamic strength of the trunk, hand tapping (MTAR) - used to assess the frequency of arm movements, forwardroll – back roll - running (MKNT) – used to assess the motor ability of agility. For the self-assessment of motor skills, a constructed questionnaire with six answers was used: excellent (5), above average (4), average (3), below average (2), bad (1) and very bad (0). The respondents showed a good self-assessment of motor skills, where a statistically significant difference between male and female students was recorded only in the variable for self-assessment of dynamic arm and shoulder girdle strength. Male students showed better self-assessment in the variables for assessing dynamic arm and shoulder girdle strength, dynamic trunk strength, body coordination and hand movement frequency, while female students showed better self-assessment in variables for assessing explosive leg strength and agility. The authors recommendation is that the method of self-assessment of motor skills be implemented in the teaching process, when teaching the subject Special Physical Education 1, in order to improve awareness of the role and importance of the anthropological status of students and to encourage them to exercise regularly.

The method of power transformer neutral point grounding is very important for power distribution network operation because it strongly affect the shapes and values of overvoltages and fault currents. Many methods of grounding are used in medium voltage (MV) power distribution networks. The selection of grounding method largely depends on the characteristics of power network connected to the substation. It is also necessary to consider the advantages and disadvantages of various neutral grounding methods during selection process to find the best solution from a technical and economical point of view. The effects of grounding methods on the characteristics of single-phase short circuit fault are discussed in this paper on the example of 110/20 kV substation ′′Bugojno′′. Modeling and simulation of the considered substation, power transmission and distribution lines are implemented in EMTP-RV software.

Molecular-genetic diagnostics of polygenic diseases is a new and interesting area in laboratory diagnostics, especially in the area of cardiovascular diseases, as one of the leading causes of mortality in the world population. Aims: The aim of the paper was to analyse variants of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS3) (Glu298Asp/G894T) in the human population of Tuzla Canton in relation to cardiovascular diseases. Study Design: The study included 112 respondents of both sexes over 18 years old. The experimental group for the analysis of the polymorphism (Glu298Asp) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene included 56 respondents of both sexes with cardiovascular disease (hypertension), while the control group comprised 56 healthy respondents of both sexes without a prior history of cardiovascular disease (sample/control). Place and Duration of Study: Blood sampling was performed at Medical Center "Plava Poliklinika", “Plava Medical Group”, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Genetics, Tuzla. DNA isolation and molecular-genetic analysis of the samples were performed in Laboratory for scientific research at the Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics in Tuzla. Methodology: The genotyping of eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism for all respondents was determined by an optimized method based on PCR-RFLP reaction. Results: In the total sample of respondents, the highest genotype frequencies of the eNOS gene were recorded for the GG genotype (53.5%) and the GT genotype (35.7%). The lowest frequency was recorded for the TT genotype, which was 10.8%. Conclusion: The results obtained in the study provide good guidelines for further study of a molecular-genetic association between a high number of gene candidates and cardiovascular diseases, which will contribute to the incorporation of these results into the existing regional and European genetic database.