Based on the available archival material and additional literature, this paper approaches the analysis of the textbooks of the Bosnian Franciscans Ambroža Matić and Augustin Miletić from the sociolinguistic aspect in the context of language naming and linguistic identity. The textbooks serve as examples from the corpus of our initial textbook literature referring to the early period or the very beginning of the contemporary (more modern) type of public schooling in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the aim of looking at identitarian language issues closely related to the issue of national identity. The starting point is the curriculum of the state (Franciscan) primary school in Tolisa (Orašje) from 1823, on the basis of which we can speak of a significant jubilee that today marks two centuries of a particularly important tradition: the official Bosnian language at the beginning (in the early period) of modern public schooling in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Furthermore, the paper shall analyze textbooks from the beginning of the 19th century, at a time when the processes of nationalization and significant mutual identitarian alienation of the local population had not yet taken root.

Aleksandar Halmi, "Contemporary approaches in the methodology of social sciences: Chaos and complexity theory: New methodological genres", 2nd amended and modified edition, Novi redak, Zagreb, 2022

Without public administration reform there is no continuation of European integration of B&H – while European integrations can only be executed by reformed, professional and depoliticized public administration. Since it is expected that Bosnia and Herzegovina will finally receive candidate status at the end of the current year, and that the process of EU integration will intensify, public administration reform will once again be one of the unavoidable reform areas. This study provides an overview of the strategic framework and scope of public administration reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last 18 years that the reform has been formally implemented, followed by a contextual and legislative analysis, critical points of the reform, and a package of recommendations, conclusions and topics for further research.

Classroom experiments related to investigating the centripetal force are often underrepresented in the physics teaching practice. This is largely due to the fact that schools lack the proper equipment and teachers lack the time to perform the rather tedious data collection procedures which are characteristic for some of the traditional experimental setups. A possible solution to this problem is to develop and utilize alternative experimental setups within the digital environment. In fact, earlier research has shown that new generations of students are highly motivated to learn physics in digital environments and that these environments often provide at least as efficient learning of concepts as traditional environments. In this article, we present an augmented reality Android application named CEntripetalForceAR (CEFAR) that allows students to experimentally investigate how centripetal force depends on the period of orbital motion and the orbital radius. A possible pedagogical approach to using CEFAR is also described, including suggestions on how CEFAR can be used to overcome some of the most common misconceptions related to circular motion. A user experience survey which included 163 first-year university students showed that CEFAR can be awarded an excellent usability rating. Most students stated that the application helped them to improve their understanding about centripetal force either by visualization or by the possibility to explore cause and effect relationships.

The purpose of this paper is to explore whether or not fiscal policy can stimulate the economic activity in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For this purpose, the time-series data are collected in the period 2008-2014. The results suggest that a unit increase in revenue leads to a reduction in the gross domestic product in the long-run. Budgetary expenditures are found to stimulate gross domestic product only in initial period. However, results in the long-run are found to be negligible. Moreover, impulse-response function indicates there are many other determinants of gross domestic product in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina besides budgetary expenditures. Therefore, the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth is just partial. Hence, development policy based on budgetary expenditures will lead to only small increase in economic output.

The research objectives presented in this paper are to assess the current state of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s rural tourism offer and to recommend a course of action for its development based on the model’s data that was gathered from subject-matter experts. In this paper, the multicriteria analysis method DEX (Decision EXpert) was utilized to assess the capacity of rural tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) and to obtain the results. All establishments were rated “very good”, seeing that they made use of the natural beauty that BIH has to offer. The outcomes of using this model were used to generate suggestions for the long-term development of rural tourism in BIH. The contribution of the employed model is in the developed starting points for the advancements of rural tourism in BIH, and the proposed model presents a novel method for evaluating a nation’s tourism potential that could be used in future studies in other tourism-related fields as well. The limitations of this paper stem from the fact that not all tourist establishments were considered due to the lack of unified records for all of these establishments. The model used in this research, on the other hand, is applicable to all tourist capacities, which is an advantage.

The problem of social exclusion is in the expert and scientific community known as one of the leading social problems of the modern world. Social exclusion becomes massive and troublesome process which warns that in the society faces serious changes that can have long-lasting and severe consequences on individuals and groups. This article consider the position civilian victims of war in Canton Sarajevo for some time presenting empirical research results, which is made by test method, elaborating the thesis that this is vulnerable population socially excluded from all segments of social life and on the scale of the problem social exclusion from cultural, social, economic and political life.

The paper deals with linguistic research in ANUBiH in two directions – the organization of work on linguistic examinations and the analysis of the titles published in publications of ANUBIH. The first part follows the work of the Department of Historical-Philological Sciences, later the Department of Social Sciences, then the Humanities, and the Commission for Linguistics and the Center for Lexicology and Lexicography, through their most important activities and projects, along with the work of the Balkanological Institute, later the Center for Balkanological Studies. The second part of the paper provides an overview of published linguistic texts. In the end, a bibliography of linguistic works published in ANUBIH is provided.

Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is recognized as one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases in Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, no systemic investigation of the genetic diversity of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato circulating among animals and humans in the country has been performed to date. Methods In this preliminary study, we analysed one cyst each from 36 sheep, 27 cattle, 27 pigs, 11 wild boars and 16 human patients for amplification and partial sequencing of the adenosine triphosphate 6 ( atp 6) and cytochrome c oxidase 1 ( cox 1) genes. The host species, fertility rate and organ cyst location were recorded for each subject involved in the study. Results Overall, the atp 6 gene was successfully amplified and sequenced from 110 samples, while 96 of the PCRs for cox 1 were positive. Three zoonotic genotypes of E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1 and G3) and Echinococcus canadensis (G7) were identified in our isolates based on analyses of the atp 6 gene. These genotypes were represented by 11 different genetic variants (haplotypes), six of which were identified for the first time in the present study. Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, that CE in Bosnia and Herzegovina is predominantly caused by E. granulosus sensu stricto and E. canadensis clusters, which exhibited a lower genetic diversity compared to isolates from other European countries. Further molecular studies employing other mitochondrial and nuclear genes are required to better understand the transmission cycles of E. granulosus sensu stricto among intermediate and definitive hosts in the country. Graphical Abstract

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) probes the microstructural properties of the central nervous system (CNS) by providing biophysical measures of tissue characteristics. In this work, we aimed to (i) identify qMRI measures that distinguish histological lesion types in postmortem multiple sclerosis (MS) brains, especially the remyelinated ones; and to (ii) investigate the relationship between those measures and quantitative histological markers of myelin, axons, and astrocytes in the same experimental setting. Three fixed MS whole brains were imaged with qMRI at 3T to obtain magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), myelin water fraction (MWF), quantitative T1 (qT1), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) maps. The identification of lesion types (active, inactive, chronic active, or remyelinated) and quantification of tissue components were performed using histological staining methods as well as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Pairwise logistic and LASSO regression models were used to identify the best qMRI discriminators of lesion types. The association between qMRI and quantitative histological measures was performed using Spearman's correlations and linear mixed‐effect models. We identified a total of 65 lesions. MTR and MWF best predicted the chance of a lesion to be remyelinated, whereas RD and QSM were useful in the discrimination of active lesions. The measurement of microstructural properties through qMRI did not show any difference between chronic active and inactive lesions. MWF and RD were associated with myelin content in both lesions and normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM), FA was the measure most associated with axon content in both locations, while MWF was associated with astrocyte immunoreactivity only in lesions. Moreover, we provided evidence of extensive astrogliosis in remyelinated lesions. Our study provides new information on the discriminative power of qMRI in differentiating MS lesions ‐especially remyelinated ones‐ as well as on the relative association between multiple qMRI measures and myelin, axon and astrocytes.

Introduction With the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work was increased all over the globe. As a consequence, workers had to adapt their communication behaviors to smoothly coordinate work in their flexible teams (i.e., when team members divide work between the office and their homes). Drawing on relational coordination theory, we constructed and validated a scale to capture the most relevant team communication behaviors. Methods We employed interviews and focus groups to construct the scale, refined the scale based on three samples with employees working flexibly and finally validated the scale with 130 teams from diverse organizations. Results Our scale comprises three dimensions: focused communication, knowledge sharing and spontaneous communication. All three dimensions showed convergent validity with team planning and discriminant validity with time-spatial flexibility. Also, predictive validity with collective efficacy and team viability was achieved for focused communication and knowledge sharing. Spontaneous communication only predicted collective efficacy, but not team viability. Discussion We conclude that the TCS is a reliable and valid measure for assessing team communication and contribute by focusing on behaviors.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic ultrasounds are medical devices used for treatment of conditions such muscle spasms, joint contractures or general muscle pain. Their function relies in the delivery of ultrasonic pulses that generate heat in tissue thus relieving the symptoms of aforementioned conditions. Accuracy of the delivered pulses directly affects the quality and effectiveness of the treatment and has to be ensured throughout the utilization of the therapeutic ultrasound in practice. The new Medical Device Regulation (MDR) defines medical device post-market surveillance (PMS) as performed by independent, third-party, notified bodies more strategically in hope to improve traceability of device performance. However, there is still an apparent gap in terms of standardised conformity assessment testing methods. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a novel method for conformity assessment testing of therapeutic ultrasounds for post-market surveillance purposes. METHOD: The method was developed based on metrology characteristics of therapeutic ultrasounds and includes visual, electrical safety and performance inspections of therapeutic ultrasounds to ensure that both safety and treatment reliability are achieved. RESULTS: The developed method was validated between 2018 and 2021 in healthcare institutions of all levels. The results obtained during validation suggest that conformity assessment testing of therapeutic ultrasounds as a method used during PMS contributes to significant improvement in devices’ accuracy and reliability. CONCLUSION: A standardized approach in conformity assessment testing of therapeutic ultrasounds during PMS, besides increasing reliability of the devices, is the first step in digital transformation of management of these devices in healthcare institutions opening possibility for use of artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND: Introduction of fluids, medicaments and nutrients into the human body during hospitalization is fundamental for treatment and healing of patients. Fluids are introduced by means of infusion pumps while nutrients and medicaments are introduced by perfusion pumps. It is of vital importance for these devices to deliver exact amounts of the aforementioned substances as significant deviations can result in severe patient harm. Therefore it is important to effectively monitor their performance and prevent failures. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a novel method for conformity assessment testing of infusion and perfusion pumps for post-market surveillance purposes. METHOD: The method was developed on the basis of metrology characteristics of the devices. In addition to the evaluation of essential safety and visual integrity of infusion and perfusion pumps, their performance in terms of delivered volumes was assessed and monitored. RESULTS: The developed method was validated between 2018 and 2021 in healthcare institutions of all levels. The results obtained during validation suggest that conformity assessment testing of infusion and perfusion pumps as a method used during PMS contributes to significant improvement in devices’ accuracy and reliability. CONCLUSION: A standardized approach in conformity assessment testing of infusion and perfusion pumps during PMS, besides increasing reliability of the devices, is the first step in digital transformation of management of these devices in healthcare institutions opening possibility for use of artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND: Dialysis machines are used regularly in healthcare practice. They are classified as a type of medical device with moderate and high risk therefore significant requirements are placed on their safety and performance every time they are used on patients. The new Medical Device Regulation (MDR) defines medical device post-market surveillance (PMS) as performed by independent, third-party, notified bodies more strategically in hope to improve traceability of device performance. However, there is still an apparent gap in terms of standardised conformity assessment testing methods. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a novel evidence-based method for conformity assessment testing of dialysis machines for post-market surveillance purposes. METHOD: The novel method is developed according to the International Organisation of Legal Metrology (OIML) guidelines and is to be used for the purpose of conformity assessment testing of Dialysis machines with respect to their metrological characteristics during PMS. RESULTS: The developed method was validated between 2018 and 2021 in healthcare institutions of all levels. The results obtained during validation suggest that conformity assessment testing of dialysis machines as a method used during PMS contributes to significant improvement in devices’ accuracy and reliability. CONCLUSION: A standardized approach in conformity assessment testing of dialysis machines during PMS, besides increasing reliability of the devices, is the first step in digital transformation of management of these devices in healthcare institutions opening possibility for use of artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND: Anaesthesia machines, as moderate to high-risk medical devices intended for use on patients during surgical procedures must be safe and reliable with traceable performance every time they are used in healthcare practice. The new Medical Device Regulation (MDR) defines medical device post-market surveillance (PMS) as performed by independent, third-party, notified bodies more strategically in hope to improve traceability of device performance. However, there is still an apparent gap in terms of standardised conformity assessment testing methods. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a novel evidence-based method for conformity assessment testing of anaesthesia machines for post-market surveillance purposes. METHOD: The novel method is developed according to the International Organisation of Legal Metrology (OIML) guidelines and is to be used for the purpose of conformity assessment testing of anaesthesia machines with respect to their technical and metrological characteristics during PMS. RESULTS: The developed method was validated between 2018 and 2021 in healthcare institutions of all levels. The results obtained during validation suggest that conformity assessment testing of anaesthesia machines as a method used during PMS contributes to significant improvement in devices’ accuracy and reliability. CONCLUSION: A standardized approach in conformity assessment testing of anaesthesia machines during PMS, besides increasing reliability of the devices, is the first step in digital transformation of management of these devices in healthcare institutions opening possibility for use of artificial intelligence.