Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT) is an important component of an organization's overall security strategy. VAPT helps identify security vulnerabilities in a computer system, network, or web application, allowing organizations to take corrective measures to address these vulnerabilities and prevent potential security breaches. By conducting regular VAPT, organizations can improve their security posture and reduce the likelihood of successful attacks. In this paper Metasploit was used to show importance of regular vulnerability assessment of critical systems in order to discover vulnerabilities before attacker do it and exploit them. The authors showed Metasploit beside its usage to conduct a vulnerability assessment, it can be utilized by attackers to harm systems. VAPT is not a one-time event, but rather a ongoing process. As new vulnerabilities are discovered and new threats emerge, organizations need to regularly assess their systems to ensure they are protected.

Air pollution represents one of the most complex problems of humanity. Traffic contributes significantly to this by emitting large amounts of harmful gases. This problem is particularly pronounced at urban intersections due to frequent changes in vehicle movement dynamics. This paper primarily presents the influence of intersection geometry on pollutant emissions levels. In addition, the influence of various traffic policies promoting greater use of public transport and zero-emission vehicles is also examined. The research combines the field part of recording existing intersections in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina with traffic microsimulation. Detailed data on vehicles’ movements were obtained by advanced video processing using the DataFromSky tool, while the PTV Vissim 2022 and Bosch ESTM (2022) software were used to simulate traffic and estimate emissions at geometrically different intersections. The results showed that, in saturated traffic conditions, signalized intersections cause up to 50% lower emissions compared with two-lane and turbo roundabouts and that the impact of the geometric change is more significant than the impact of zero-emission vehicles. In unsaturated conditions, the differences in emissions at different intersections are negligible, with the highest reductions in pollution achieved by using zero-emission vehicles.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance and the rapid spread of multiresistant bacteria represent one of the main public health problem in limited resources countries. This issue is significantly worsening since the COVID-19 pandemic due to the unreasonably increased antibiotics prescription to patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to examine whether COVID-19 pandemic (2020, 2021) was associated with increased antibiotic consumption in inpatient and outpatient settings in the middle size urban region (Republic of Srpska/Bosnia and Herzegovina) in comparison to period before the pandemic (2019). Additionally, we aimed to determine antimicrobial resistance and the presence of multiresistant bacteria in the regional hospital (“Saint Apostol Luka” Hospital Doboj) in 2021. Methodology: The consumption of antibiotics in inpatient was calculated as Defined Daily Dose per one hundred of patient-days. The consumption of antibiotics in outpatient was calculated as Defined Daily Dose per thousand inhabitants per day. Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is expressed as a rates and density for each observed antibiotic. The rate of resistance was calculated as a percentage in relation to the total number of isolates of individual bacteria. The density of resistance of isolated bacteria against a specific antibiotic was expressed as the number of resistant pathogens/1000 patient days. Results: Antibiotic consumption in hospital setting registered during 2019, 2020 and 2021 was as follows: carbapenems (meropenem: 0.28; 1.91; 2.33 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively), glycopeptides (vancomycin: 0.14; 1.09, 1.54 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively), cephalosporins (ceftriaxone: 6.69; 14.7; 14.0 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively) and polymyxins (colistin: 0.04; 0.25; 0.35 DDD/100 bed-days, respectively). Consumption of azithromycin increased drastically in 2020, and dropped significantly in 2021 (0.48; 5.61; 0.93 DDD/100 patient-days). In outpatient setting, an increase in the consumption of oral forms of azithromycin, levofloxacin and cefixime, as well as parenteral forms of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone, was recorded. In 2021, antimicrobial resistance to reserve antibiotics in hospital setting was as follows: Acinetobacter baumanii to meropenem 66.0%, Klebsiella spp to cefotaxime 67.14%, Pseudomonas to meropenem 25.7%. Conclusion: Recent COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased antibiotic consumption in inpatient and outpatient settings, with characteristic change of pattern of azithromycin consumption. Also, high levels of antimicrobial resistance to reserve antibiotics were registered in hospital setting with low prevalence of identified pathogen-directed antimicrobial prescription. Strategies toward combat antimicrobial resistance in the Doboj region are urgently needed.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered a new paradigm that aims to connect a large number of devices. IoT is increasingly present in domains such as healthcare, transport, agriculture, and other industrial branches. An increasing number of IoT devices, as well as the amount of data, leads to increased energy consumption and a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, researchers are focusing on the concept of Green IoT that aims to increase energy efficiency and create a safe environment. The focus of this paper is on energy-efficient techniques within green data centers. Also, the performance evaluation of data centers was performed in the GreenCloud simulator for the optimal load of data centers in terms of energy efficiency and sustainability.

Industrial production generates enormous amounts of wastewaters with a high content of organic and inorganic substances, which must be treated before discharging into a natural recipient to such a quality that it will not have a negative impact on the aquatic environment. This paper shows the possibility of applying a multi-stage process with Fenton reagents in combination with bentonite as an adsorbent in the treatment of ammonia-phenolic wastewater. The role of bentonite clay in this study was dye removal. The investigation was carried out under laboratory conditions, and the efficiency of the process was determined on the following parameters of COD, ammonia, phenol and thiocyanate. Also, the influence of the pH value, the concentration of oxidant hydrogen peroxide and catalyst iron sulphate heptahydrate was examined. The optimal values obtained for the pH, concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the catalyst iron sulphate heptahydrate was: 3; 30% and 23 g/l, where the efficiency of removal of the COD, ammonia, phenol and thiocyanate was: 96.42 %; 85.17 %; 100 % i 99.13 %.

Objectives The addition of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR-CT) increases the diagnostic accuracy of coronary CT angiography (CCTA). We assessed the impact of FFR-CT in routine clinical practice on clinical decision-making and patient prognosis in patients suspected of stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods This retrospective, single-center study compared a cohort that received CCTA with FFR-CT to a historical cohort that received CCTA before FFR-CT was available. We assessed the clinical management decisions after FFR-CT and CCTA and the rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during the 1-year follow-up using chi-square tests for independence. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to visualize the occurrence of safety outcomes over time. Results A total of 360 patients at low to intermediate risk of CAD were included, 224 in the CCTA only group, and 136 in the FFR-CT group. During follow-up, 13 MACE occurred in 12 patients, 9 (4.0%) in the CCTA group, and three (2.2%) in the FFR-CT group. Clinical management decisions differed significantly between both groups. After CCTA, 60 patients (26.5%) received optimal medical therapy (OMT) only, 115 (51.3%) invasive coronary angiography (ICA), and 49 (21.9%) single positron emission CT (SPECT). After FFR-CT, 106 patients (77.9%) received OMT only, 27 (19.9%) ICA, and three (2.2%) SPECT ( p  < 0.001 for all three options). The revascularization rate after ICA was similar between groups ( p  = 0.15). However, patients in the CCTA group more often underwent revascularization ( p  = 0.007). Conclusion Addition of FFR-CT to CCTA led to a reduction in (invasive) diagnostic testing and less revascularizations without observed difference in outcomes after 1 year. Key Points • Previous studies have shown that computed tomography–derived fractional flow reserve improves the accuracy of coronary computed tomography angiography without changes in acquisition protocols. • This study shows that use of computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve as gatekeeper to invasive coronary angiography in patients suspected of stable coronary artery disease leads to less invasive testing and revascularization without observed difference in outcomes after 1 year. • This could lead to a significant reduction in costs, complications and (retrospectively unnecessary) usage of diagnostic testing capacity, and a significant increase in patient satisfaction.

Since depletion of natural resources and the amount of construction and demolition waste have overcome the socially and environmentally acceptable level, the construction industry must address this issue and reduce its impact on the environment. A step towards sustainability in the construction industry is the application of recycled aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials as integral components of concretes, which provides conserving natural aggregates and waste reduction. This study adopts a holistic approach to producing green self-compacting concrete with the highest portion of recycled aggregate as a replacement for natural aggregate and fly ash as filler. Based on the particle packing density method, four series of self-compacting concrete were prepared: the first series was made with natural fine and coarse aggregate, the second series was made with fine natural aggregate and recycled coarse aggregate, the third with 50 % (by mass) of fine natural aggregate replaced by recycled fine aggregate and recycled coarse aggregate, and the fourth series completely with recycled fine and coarse aggregate. The content of fly ash remained constant. Regardless of the expected decrease of workability in a fresh state with the increase of the recycled aggregate content, all series exceeded the requirements set for the hardened structural concrete.

As the demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources grows, the use photovoltaic (PV) systems have seen rise in popularity and recognition. The performance of PV systems is influenced by numerous factors such as solar irradiance, temperature, and the tilt angle of the PV modules. Among these factors, the tilt angle of the PV modules plays a crucial role in determining the amount of energy that can be generated by a PV system. This paper explores the impact of tilt angle on the output and performance of grid-connected PV systems by using the software PVsyst. The study will examine how different tilt angles affect the energy yield, electrical characteristics, and performance ratio of PV system. A study was conducted to compare the performance of a PV system with fixed tilt angle versus seasonal tilt arrangement. The results showed that a seasonal tilt arrangement led to improved performance and increased electricity generation.

Shallow mountain lakes are highly sensitive to eutrophication. Cyanobacteria and microalgae in planktonic communities are the main producers in lake ecosystems, but stability of its communities is impacted by numerous factors. The aim of this study is to analyze seasonal diversity and community structure of cyanobacteria and microalgae in plankton and periphyton of the lake Paučko, physical and chemical properties of water and evaluate trophic status. The mountain lake Paučko is the shallow natural lake in Protected landscape Konjuh in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sampling of net – phytoplankton, periphyton and water for physical and chemical analysis was caried in two seasons in 2018. Light microscopes and immersion objective (magnification 1000x) were used for the identification and quantification of microalgae. Non metric multimensional scaling and Simper analysis were used to describe communities in periphytic and planktic samples. In total, 70 taxa were identified. The most numerous were Bacillariophyta with 52, and Chlorophyta with 7 taxa. Seasonal dynamics in plankton communities were observed in the direction of shift of abundant Cyclotella meneghiniana, Dinobryon divergens, Peridinum cinctum and Ankistrodesmus fusiformus in spring season to Rabdoderma lineare and Pantocsekiella comensis in summer sampling season. Physical and chemical analysis of water revealed high values of total phosphorus, which correspond to the evaluated meso to eutrophic status of the lake calculated by Rott Trophic Index. The lake Paučko is under high pressure caused by the influx and retention of nutrients, which makes it susceptible to eutrophication. The results of the study provide the first insight into the diversity of cyanobacteria and microalgae for this lake and can be useful in planning of restoration measures in the context of ecological monitoring.

Abstract Gut microbiota is known as unique collection of microorganisms (including bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes and viruses) that exist in a complex environment of the gut. Recently, this has become one of the most popular areas of research in medicine because this plays not only an important role in disease development, but gut microbiota also influences drug pharmacokinetics. These alterations in drug pharmacokinetic pathways and drug concentration in plasma and blood often lead to an increase in the incidence of toxicological events in patients. This review aims to present current knowledge of the most commonly used drugs in clinical practice and their dynamic interplay with the host’s gut microbiota as well as the mechanisms underlying these metabolic processes and the consequent effect on their therapeutic efficacy and safety. These new findings set a foundation for the development of personalized treatments specific to each metabolism, maximizing drugs’ therapeutic effects and minimizing the side effects because they are one of the major limiting factors in treating patients.

With the rise in the number of robots in our daily lives, human-robot encounters will become more frequent. To improve human-robot interaction (HRI), people will require explanations of robots' actions, especially if they do something unexpected. Our focus is on robot navigation, where we explain why robots make specific navigational choices. Building on methods from the area of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), we employ a semantic map and techniques from the area of Qualitative Spatial Reasoning (QSR) to enrich visual explanations with knowledge-level spatial information. We outline how a robot can generate visual and textual explanations simultaneously and test our approach in simulation.

With the rise in the number of robots in our daily lives, human-robot encounters will become more frequent. To improve human-robot interaction (HRI), people will require explanations of robots' actions, especially if they do something unexpected. Our focus is on robot navigation, where we explain why robots make specific navigational choices. Building on methods from the area of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), we employ a semantic map and techniques from the area of Qualitative Spatial Reasoning (QSR) to enrich visual explanations with knowledge-level spatial information. We outline how a robot can generate visual and textual explanations simultaneously and test our approach in simulation.

The ITk detector, the new ATLAS silicon tracking system for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will be equipped with 3D pixel sensor modules in the innermost layer (L0). The pixel cell dimensions will be 25 × 100 µ m 2 in the barrel and 50 × 50 µ m 2 in the end-caps, with one readout electrode at the centre of each pixel and four bias electrodes at the corners. Sensors from pre-production wafers (50 × 50 µ m 2 ) produced by FBK have been bump-bonded to ITkPixV1.1 chips at IZM. Bare modules have been assembled in Genoa on Single Chip Cards (SCCs) and characterized in laboratory measurements and in test beam campaigns. Some of these modules have been irradiated in Bonn and at the CERN IRRAD facility. Preliminary results of their characterization after irradiation

Yusong Tian,a,∗ Giovanni Calderini, Imogen Camp, Thibaud Idriss Carcone, Paul Mickael Chabrillat, Artur Cordeiro Oudot Choi, Francesco Crescioli, Jörn Große-Knetter, Šejla Hadžić, Shunsuke Iizaka, Christopher Krause, Lingxin Meng, f Koji Nakamura, Arnulf Quadt, Stefano Terzo, Ana Sofia Torrento Coello and Hua Ye II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, DE 37077 Göttingen, Germany LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu, FR 75005 Paris, France Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Föhringer Ring 6, DE 80805 München, Germany Division of Physics and Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1 Chome-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4, DE 44227 Dortmund, Germany f Physics Department, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Japan Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, UAB Campus, Edifici CN, ES 08193 Barcelona, Spain Detectors and Instrumentation Department, IJCLab – Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, UMR 9012 – CNRS / Université Paris-Saclay / Université Paris Cité, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, FR 91405 Orsay, France