In the process of creating composites, especially if we talk about wood-based composites, great attention should be paid on a variety of factors which affect the final composite properties.One of the essential elements is proper adhesive selection. Most common used are synthetic formaldehyde adhesives. We are aware how dangerous emission of free formaldehyde can be; we tend to minimize its usage. Using adhesives which are safe for the environment and humans as well, we tend to find safer composites which are ecologically acceptable and recognized as a better option.The paper briefly describes the adhesives used so far and their dangers, and selects several types of adhesives with basic characteristics that can meet the requirements for the production of ecologically acceptable composite panels, with an emphasis on wood-based composites. Certain tests and achievements in the development of these adhesives are also presented.

Abstract Introduction: Bones, lungs, brain and liver are the most common metastatic sites of breast carcinoma, although invasive lobular carcinoma can give metastases to less common sites, such as the gastrointestinal tract and the female genital tract. Case presentation: We present the case of a 57-year-old female with colic abdominal pain that was sent to surgery for cholecystectomy. Histopathology revealed a poorly cohesive individual or in single file neoplastic cells infiltrating all layers of the gallbladder. Immunohistochemistry revealed these cells to be CK 116, CK7, GCDFP-15, ER and PR positive, and CK20, HER-2, S-100 and E-cadherin negative. PET/CT showed numerous lytic bone lesions, but ultrasound, mammography, MRI and PET/CT revealed no breast mass. Conclusion: Although rare and poorly understood, metastases of invasive lobular carcinoma to gallbladder do exist in a minor percentage of patients, presenting usually as exacerbated cholecystitis. The problem are silent cases and patients with no history of breast carcinoma. This case is unique in that even after the diagnosis of metastatic lobular breast carcinoma to the gallbladder, the primary tumour of the breast was not detected.

Abstract Objective of this study was to identify the histopathological patterns and their frequency in testicular biopsy specimens from azoospermic patients and to categorize it according to Modified Johnsen scoring system. Methods: Testicular biopsies from male patients with clinical diagnosis of azoospermia were included in this study. All tissue samples were fixed in buffered 10% formalin, routinely processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. All cases were examined microscopically and categorized according to the histopathological patterns and Modified Johnsen scoring system. Results: Total 219 cases of testicular biopsies from 125 azoospermic male patients were evaluated, with 94 cases of bilateral testicular biopsy. The most prevalent age group was of 30-39 years (66.2%). The most common histological pattern was of Sertoli cell only syndrome (58.4%) while the least represented pattern was germ cell maturation arrest, seen in 4.6% cases. The most common Modified Johnsen score was 2 (66.7%). There was discordance in histologic pattern in both testes in 12.76% of patients who had bilateral testicular biopsy. Conclusion: Our study gives an insight on the most common histopathological patterns of azoospermic patients and emphasizes the need for a better national statistics and epidemiological studies of this entity. It also points out the significance of the bilateral testicular biopsy, as both, diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.

Abstract This paper addresses a underlying assumption of financial statements: going concern assumption. The going concern assumption constitutes a foundational premise presuming that the entity will conduct its operations in the forthcoming period (at least 12 months) without significant risk of business interruption. The primary objective of financial reporting is to provide information regarding the entity's financial position and performance to diverse users. Management is obligated to apprise users, and auditors are tasked with scrutinizing the assertion that the entity will continue its operations for a period exceeding 12 months. This paper meticulously examines the regulatory framework grounded in International Financial Reporting Standards and International Standards on Auditing. It particularly scrutinizes the role and significance of auditors in assessing the going concern assumption, encompassing an analysis of factors influencing the auditor's opinion on the going concern assumption and addressing criticisms directed at auditors. Furthermore, the paper explores past experiences in developing models for evaluating going concern assumptions, potentially aiding forensic accountants in uncovering irregularities in financial statements, given the correlation between a heightened bankruptcy risk and fraudulent activities.

Aimof this study was to present data on addicts with the imposed protective measure of compulsory treatment of addition that were sent to the Institute for Addiction Diseases for the period 2014-2020. The study compares artsof law violation, art of addiction as well as duration of the protective measure of compulsory treatment.Out of 61 patients, 59 (96 %) were males and 2 (4%) females. The only reason for compulsory treatment for all of them was domestic violence. Out of 61 patients 41 (67%) underwent compulsory treatment due to use of psycho-active compounds (PAS) and 20 (33%) due to use of alcohol. Incidence of alcohol or PAS was statistically significant higher in males than in females (19 vs 1, p<0.001; 40 vs 1, p<0.001, respectively). Duration of the treatment was significantly longer in patients who used PAS than in those who used alcohol (10.29 vs 7.4 months; p<0.05). There was not statistically difference between duration ofthe treatment in males and females (9.36 vs 9.00 months; p>0.05). Incidence of the compulsory measures was significantly higher in 2018, 2019 and 2020 than in 2014, 2015 and 2016 (p<0.001). In all analyzed years, except 2015, incidence of the mandatory measureswas significantly higher in patients who misused PAS than who misused alcohol. The most common difficulties are:lowmotivational capacity,inadequate way of thinking, inadequateway of behaving with the adoption of new models and, ultimately, inadequate independent functioning. Keywords: addiction, compulsory treatment, violation of the law, criminal behaviour.

Large-scale incorporation of new energy generation units based on renewable sources, such as wind and photovoltaic power, drastically alters the structure of the power system. Because of the intermittent nature of these sources, switching in grids (connection and disconnection) occurs much more frequently than with conventional sources. As a result, the power system will inevitably experience a large number of transients, which raises questions about the stability of the system and the quality of the electrical energy. Therefore, measuring various types of transients in power system is crucial for stability, power quality, fault analysis, protection design, and insulation design. Transient recorders that are currently used are generally expensive and only suitable for particular locations in power systems. The number of installed transient recorders is insufficient for a comprehensive analysis of problems that may occur. Hence, it is important to have inexpensive and efficient transient recorders that can be installed at multiple points in the power system on various types of objects. It is also essential to have a transient record database with open access, which can be used by researchers to develop new analysis techniques based on artificial intelligence. This paper proposes an inexpensive measurement and acquisition system designed to record transient phenomena on different objects within the power system. The system is designed to use autonomous power, a standardized data acquisition module, a low-budget system for transmitting recorded transient events to the server via mobile network, and a sensor system adapted to the object where transients are recorded. The proposed system is designed to be used for all types of objects in the power system where transients may occur, such as power lines, transmission towers, surge arresters, and transformers. All components of the system are described, and the system is tested under laboratory conditions. The modular nature of the system allows customization to the specifics of the location in power system by choosing appropriate components. The calibration method of the custom designed Rogowski coil is described. The cost analysis of the proposed system and power consumption analysis are performed. The results show that the system’s performance meets application requirements at a low cost.

Abstract Islanded microgrids with low-inertia distributed energy resources (DERs) are prone to frequency fluctuations. With the increasing integration of DERs in microgrids, the complexity of control and stability has also increased. Moreover, the integration of DERs into microgrids may result in a power imbalance between energy supply and demand during sudden changes in load or energy generation. This can cause frequency variations in the microgrid, which could have disastrous consequences such as equipment damage or even blackouts. This paper proposes a control strategy to ensure the efficient operation of an islanded hybrid microgrid consisting of a PV generator, battery energy storage system (BESS), and emergency diesel generator. According to Energy Exchange Model proposed in this paper, the hybrid system presented operates independently without being connected to the electrical grid, where the PV system and BESS act as the main energy sources, while the emergency diesel generator provides active power backup with voltage and frequency regulation. The novel in this paper is also that DER aids in frequency regulation during active power transients by delivering and absorbing active power in accordance with the inverter's suggested P droop control strategy. In this way inverter droop control decreases system frequency nadir emulating so called “synthetic inertia”. To design both the islanded hybrid system and the proposed control strategy, the MATLAB/Simulink environment is utilized. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the analyzed microgrid system is capable of maintaining stability and operating efficiently in a range of operating conditions.

The focus of the authors’ interest is the criminal offense of embezzlement in the service, which we classify in the catalogue of corrupt criminal offences, by its nature, operationalization method, consequences and other specificities. In addition, it is a criminal offense from the catalogue of premeditated criminal offenses, so the paper pays due attention to the interconnection and cumulative conditionality of objective and subjective elements, that is, the action of execution and the subjective component. Special attention is directed to the discovery of the existence of this criminal offense, i.e. the realistic discovery possibilities and capacities, then the objectivesubjective concept based on the legal description of this criminal offense, and the aspect of gathering the necessary evidence in connection with establishing the existence of the criminal offense and guilt, considering the restrictive legal requirements. The complexity of discovering and proving this criminal offense arises from the very nature of this criminal offense and certain specificities that are directly related to the way it is operationalized. The criminal law autonomy and independence, as well as the clear differentiation of this criminal offense in relation to other related criminal offences, are emphasized in order to avoid (possible) wrong identifications, and with the aim of a better and more comprehensive understanding of the very nature of this criminal offence

To provide seamless wireless coverage, the air-to-ground (A2G) heterogeneous wireless network is considered as one of the most promising solutions. In this article, we develop a novel A2G communication-caching-charging (3C) integrated network based on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). As a significant participant of A2G network, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which harvests energy from the base station (BS) with the aid of wireless power transfer (WPT), is utilized as content server to cache files and serve users. To be specific, we first propose a resource allocation strategy to enhance the quality of service (QoS) of ground users. The goal is to minimize the transmission latency of ground users, which is decomposed into sub-problems, such as user pairing, files' power allocation and users' power allocation. Firstly, we propose a NOMA user pairing algorithm based on K-means to deploy UAVs and pair users. Then, the closed-form solution for files' power allocation with the goal of maximizing the duration for energy harvesting is formulated. Finally, we apply the genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain power allocation factors to increase users' rate and the reminder time of content delivery phase is utilized for energy harvesting. Simulation results validate the advantage of the proposed strategy in reducing user delay than benchmark schemes.

To establish more intelligent cellular networks for future ubiquitous access and heterogeneous devices, we need to obtain channel state information (CSI) in a more agile and economical manner, especially for frequency division duplexing (FDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architectures. Unlike conventional CSI feedback or limited feedback methods, we can predict downlink CSI by leveraging channel reciprocity between uplink and downlink. The downlink CSI prediction can be formulated as a data-driven deep learning task, however, there exist isolated data silos and online adaptation problem for the offline trained neural network-based models. In this article, we propose an interacting federated and transfer learning (IFTL) based framework for downlink CSI prediction and online update, where several factors including asynchrony of different clients are considered, and light heterogeneity of diverse cells can be tolerated. Both model-level and link-level simulations are conducted under standardized FDD massive MIMO scenarios. The results outline promising prospect and potential of the utilization of federated learning and transfer learning in physical layer of wireless communications.

Specific emitter identification (SEI) is a potential physical layer authentication technology, which is one of the most critical complements of upper layer authentication. Radio frequency fingerprint (RFF)-based SEI is to distinguish one emitter from each other by immutable RF characteristics from electronic components. Due to the powerful ability of deep learning (DL) to extract hidden features and perform classification, it can extract highly separative features from massive signal samples, thus enabling SEI. Considering the condition of limited training samples, we propose a novel few-shot SEI (FS-SEI) method based on interpolative metric learning (InterML) which gets rid of the dependence on auxiliary dataset. Specifically, InterML is designed to mine more implicit samples in the sample space to improve generalization, and constrain the feature distance in the feature space to improve discriminability. The proposed InterML-based FS-SEI method is evaluated on a real-world Wi-Fi dataset. The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves better identification performance, higher feature discriminability and more stable performance than five latest FS-SEI methods. In the 10 shot scenario, the identification accuracy of InterML is 91.48%, compared to the comparison methods, the accuracy is improved by 0.62%–31.29%.

In this article, we propose a few-shot indoor position method based on Triplet Matchnet, which transforms coordinate positioning into channel state information (CSI) similarity matching problem. Triplet loss is designed to train and learn hidden correspondence between CSI features and physical space positions, with emphasis on minimizing distance or angle-based triplet loss. Then, according to pre-trained network with best similarity match, a similarity score map of CSI with unknown coordinates is constructed to predict position precisely. Experimental results show that angle-based triplet loss can obtain more accurate CSI fingerprint similarity matching accuracy. Compared with existing methods, experiment results confirm that our proposed method can achieve excellent positioning performance with few-shot datasets.

We consider the machinability of the material as a technological feature that expresses the ability of the material to remove the maximum number of shavings from its machined surface in the minimum time with satisfactory processing quality, with as little cutting force as possible and as little tool wear as possible. The aim of the experimental research in this work is to examine the significance of the influential kinematic parameters of the roughness of the machined surface, i.e. of wood density (ρ), feeding speed (s’) and the number of spiral cutting knices (z) in the process of planning massive wood on the roughness of the newly created processing surface, which will vary in 14 trials, of which 6 are repetitions in the central point of the compositional plan, where the roughness parameter Ra is obtained as an output value, and the analysis of experimental data from the point of view of possible achievement of a better quality of the processed surface. The obtained mathematical model is essentially applicable and can be used to optimize the machinability parameters in the planning process of solid wood, and the experimental results can be used in further research into other parameters of the machinability of solid wood in the planning process.

Paper presents comparative analysis of experimental and analytical results of mechanical properties on truss members. Deformations are experimentally determined on the model of plexiglass truss, using six strain gauges. Strain gauges are measuring the deformation of truss members at the pre-defined measuring points. Knowing modulus of the elasticity and Hooke’s law, it is possible to calculate the stress values. The experimental stress values will be compared with the values obtained by the software and the results will be analyzed.