Introduction: Emergency medicine is a dynamic specialty that offers various medical cases and situations. Emergency medicine doctors treat patients from all age groups and with a large spectrum of physical and mental disorders. Emergency medicine is the specialty of treating illnesses or injuries requiring immediate medical attention. Emergency medicine doctors assess and treat patients in the emergency department, regardless of their illness or injury type. Their main focus is to stabilize patients as quickly as possible and determine the best next step in treating many patients simultaneously, with life-threatening conditions being the main priority. Emergency physicians treat all medical conditions of all age groups, such as cardiology, neurological, pulmonological, nephrological, endocrinological, hematological, gastrointestinal, orthopedic, gynecological-obstetrical, dermatological, psychiatric, traumatological, and accidental conditions.  Efforts should be made to reduce the accumulation of ED with a solid organizational culture; rather than adopting “generic” approaches, interventions should be selected and implemented to address the unique challenges of each hospital ED. Emergency medicine can potentially improve patient care and outcomes; however, establishing evidence-based protocols and a multidisciplinary approach to patient management are essential. Creating long-term health policies to regulate the referral system through the national plan and document would regulate the three levels of health care to stop the overcrowding of the hospital's ED.  

Semiotics describes how advertising messages manipulate the connection between ‘meaning’ and ‘reality’ by investigating how already determined meanings are attributed to given products, thus establishing methods of decoding their true meaning. Therefore, the central theme of the semiotic approach to advertising is establishing a connection between meaning and reality. To that extent, semiotics as the science of signs is not an abstract study but rather reflects the essence of social life emphasizing the multi-layered and dynamic character of meaning creation. Advertising messages, therefore, have as much meaning as they have ‘readers’. This research aimed to establish a connection between gender stereotypes and advertising messages, i.e. to point out the main gender stereotypes shown in advertising messages, and to determine whether, in the new century, there have been changes in the way and contexts of the portrayal of women and men in advertisements compared to of the same in the past. A total of 31 advertising messages displayed in a women’s magazine were examined. A detailed analysis of the visual representation of female and male bodies, symbols, body positioning, and products was conducted. Messages are direct and open. Human bodies are glorified by emphasizing a healthy, well-shaped, well-groomed female and male body as a symbol of the extension of the species. It has also been noted that advertising messages reflect changes in society and social expectations among members of both sexes.

Approximately 1–2 per 100,000 young athletes die from sudden cardiac death (SCD) and extreme exercise may be associated with myocardial scar and arrhythmias. Racehorses have a high prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and SCD but the presence of myocardial scar and inflammation has not been evaluated. Cardiac tissues from the left (LAA) and right (RAA) atrial appendages, left ventricular anterior (LVAPM) and posterior (LVPPM) papillary muscles, and right side of the interventricular septum (IVS-R) were harvested from racehorses with sudden cardiac death (SCD, n = 16) or other fatal injuries (OFI, n = 17), constituting the athletic group (ATH, n = 33), and compared to sedentary horses (SED, n = 10). Horses in the ATH group had myocyte hypertrophy at all sites; increased fibrosis at all sites other than the LAA; increased fibroblast infiltration but a reduction in the overall extracellular matrix (ECM) volume in the RAA, LVAPM, and IVS-R compared to SED horses. In this horse model, athletic conditioning was associated with myocyte hypertrophy and a reduction in ECM. There was an excess of fibrocyte infiltration and focal fibrosis that was not present in non-athletic horses, raising the possibility of an exercise-induced pro-fibrotic substrate.

Summary The human transcriptome predominantly consists of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), transcripts that do not encode proteins. The noncoding transcriptome governs a multitude of pathophysiological processes, offering a rich source of next-generation biomarkers. Toward achieving a holistic view of disease, the integration of these transcripts with clinical records and additional data from omic technologies (“multiomic” strategies) has motivated the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches. Given their intricate biological complexity, machine learning (ML) techniques are becoming a key component of ncRNA-based research. This article presents an overview of the potential and challenges associated with employing AI/ML-driven approaches to identify clinically relevant ncRNA biomarkers and to decipher ncRNA-associated pathogenetic mechanisms. Methodological and conceptual constraints are discussed, along with an exploration of ethical considerations inherent to AI applications for healthcare and research. The ultimate goal is to provide a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted landscape of this innovative field and its clinical implications.

Application-specific quantum computers offer the most efficient means to tackle problems intractable by classical computers. Realizing these architectures necessitates a deep understanding of quantum circuit properties and their relationship to execution outcomes on quantum devices. Our study aims to perform for the first time a rigorous examination of quantum circuits by introducing graph theory-based metrics extracted from their qubit interaction graph and gate dependency graph (GDG) alongside conventional parameters describing the circuit itself. This methodology facilitates a comprehensive analysis and clustering of quantum circuits. Furthermore, it uncovers a connection between parameters rooted in both qubit interaction and GDGs, and the performance metrics for quantum circuit mapping, across a range of established quantum device and mapping configurations. Among the various device configurations, we particularly emphasize modular (i.e. multi-core) quantum computing architectures due to their high potential as a viable solution for quantum device scalability. This thorough analysis will help us to: i) identify key attributes of quantum circuits that affect the quantum circuit mapping performance metrics; ii) predict the performance on a specific chip for similar circuit structures; iii) determine preferable combinations of mapping techniques and hardware setups for specific circuits; and iv) define representative benchmark sets by clustering similarly structured circuits.

We investigate the Neimark–Sacker bifurcation of the equilibrium of two special cases of the difference Equation \[ x_{n+1}=\frac{\beta x_n x_{n-1}+ \gamma x_{n-1}^2 +\delta x_n}{B x_n x_{n-1}+C x_{n-1}^2 +D x_n} \]xn+1=βxnxn−1+γxn−12+δxnBxnxn−1+Cxn−12+Dxn where the parameters β, γ, δ, B, C, D are non-negative numbers which satisfy B + C + D>0 and the initial conditions $ x_{-1} $ x−1 and $ x_0 $ x0 are arbitrary nonnegative numbers such that $ B x_n x_{n-1}+C x_{n-1}^2 +D x_n \gt 0 $ Bxnxn−1+Cxn−12+Dxn>0 for all $ n \geq 0 $ n≥0. More precisely, we consider special cases where either $ \gamma =D=0 $ γ=D=0 or $ \beta =D=0 $ β=D=0. As we will show both equations exhibit Neimark–Sacker bifurcation, where one of equations ( $ \gamma =D=0 $ γ=D=0) probably exhibits Chenciner bifurcation, with two invariant curves, while another Equation ( $ \beta =D=0 $ β=D=0) exhibits simple Neimark–Sacker bifurcation with one invariant curve. We will also obtain some global asymptotic stability result for each equation in the subset of the parametric region of local stability.

The European Committee for Future Accelerators (ECFA) Early-Career Researcher (ECR) panel, which represents the interests of the ECR community to ECFA, presents in this document its initiatives and activities in the year 2023. This report summarises the process of the first big turnover in the panel composition at the start of 2023 and reports on the activities of the active working groups - either pursued from before or newly established. The overarching goal of the ECFA-ECR panel is to better understand and support the diverse interests of early-career researchers in the ECFA community and beyond.

This study explores the development prospects of tourism in predominantly industrial small-sized cities (SSCs), focusing on the integration of tourism into urban planning and sustainable practices. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze survey data from SSCs in Serbia and Russia, the research identifies key factors contributing to urban tourism sustainability. The analysis reveals the significant roles of environmental, economic, social, and cultural indicators in promoting sustainable urban tourism. The importance of inclusive development and community engagement is also highlighted, underscoring their impact on sustainability. The findings offer theoretical insights and practical recommendations for effectively incorporating tourism into urban planning to achieve comprehensive sustainability in SSCs.

Artificial intelligence tools significantly impact almost all domains of industry and science, including public relations. The rapid development and accessibility of large language and vision models have facilitated the relatively easy implementation of great tools. This accessibility has made it relatively simple to integrate powerful tools into various workflows, revolutionizing practices in fields like public relations. These tools enable public relations practitioners to devote more time to creative work by quickly solving time-consuming, repetitive tasks using AI tools. This paper has identified 16 AI tools tailored for PR and content creation that can improve efficiency and simplify their work processes. By leveraging AI’s capacity to analyse vast amounts of data, PR professionals can gain insights into audience behaviour and media trends, enabling more targeted and effective communication strategies. This paper explores the transformative potential of AI in public relations, highlighting how these tools are reshaping the landscape of communication, engagement, and content creation.

The aim of this work is to optimize the sensor positions of a sensor–actuator measurement system for identifying local variations in the magnetic permeability of cut steel sheets. Before solving the actual identification problem, i.e., finding the material distribution, the sensor placement of the measurement setup should be improved in order to reduce the uncertainty of the identification of the material distribution. The Fisher information matrix (FIM), which allows one to quantify the amount of information that the measurements carry about the unknown parameters, is used as the main metric for the objective function of this design optimization. The forward problem is solved by the finite element method. The results show that the proposed method is able to find optimal sensor positions as well as the minimum number of sensors to achieve a desired maximum parameter uncertainty.

Running speed in the form of sprinting is one of the most important abilities that can significantly define performance success in many sports. From the perspective of genetically inherited motor functions, running speed can be classified as a primary phylogenetic human movement, manifested in the form of a “threesegment model” consisting of speed, power, and coordination. By comprehensively analyzing the general and partial predictive contributions of dynamic-kinematic parameters of running, speed-power abilities, and morphological characteristics, on a sample of 80 boys aged 10-12 years, it can be concluded that regardless of the choice of criteria, achieved maximal speeds (KVMAX) or results in children’s athletic sprint over 50 meters (KT50m), the same or related predictor variables contributed to the explanation. The variable running time for 20m from a flying start (KTLS20m) has the greatest predictive contribution (β=0.83, p<0.001) to explaining both criteria, which may indicate the importance of conducting this test in the identification and selection for athletic sprint. Additionally, the selection of tests to assess speed-power abilities is extremely important for the identification and selection for athletic sprint. It can be concluded that tests of horizontal and vertical jumps are significant for identification, as well as tests for assessing neuro-muscular excitation. Tests for assessing continuous horizontal jump are also important, although there is an impression that, in boys aged 10-12 years, coordinatively simpler tests should be used. In the analysis of morphological characteristics, variables that significantly contributed to the explanation of criteria at a partial level were body height, back skinfold, and ankle diameter, indicating that in the identification of talented individuals, it should be considered that elite sprinters are characterized by light bones, optimal muscle mass, and low levels of subcutaneous fat tissue.

Abstract:In this article, we claim that syntactic objects undergoing ellipsis can be targeted by both narrow syntactic and PF operations. We base this conclusion on experimental evidence from the interaction between single conjunct agreement and verb-echo answers in South Slavic, which we show to be derived via verb-stranding VP-ellipsis. Adopting the view that Vocabulary Insertion replaces Q-variables on lexical heads (Halle 1991) and that ellipsis is a syntactic operation that deletes Q-variables (Saab 2022), we demonstrate that constituents properly included in the ellipsis site can undergo Internal Merge in the narrow syntax and can participate in PF processes from the derived position. The interaction between ellipsis, Internal Merge, and Agree-Copy that accounts for these patterns of data follows naturally within the Distributed Ellipsis approach.

Through resilience theory, this paper explores the integration and alignment of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) within Kosovo's National Development Strategy (NDS). It highlights how adaptability and strategic planning underpin sustainable development in emerging national contexts like Kosovo, offering a qualitative analysis to identify gaps and suggest improvements for SDG integration. Utilizing a qualitative analysis, this study identifies gaps and provides recommendations for better SDG integration within Kosovo's national development agenda. Data analysis involves the thematic coding of qualitative data and synthesis of case study findings by examining existing documents, strategies, and plans as manifestations of Kosovo's commitment to fostering resilience and achieving a sustainable future. Key insights include recommendations for enhancing governance, environmental protection mechanisms, and social inclusivity to achieve resilient and sustainable economic growth. The study contributes to the discourse on resilience theory in national sustainable development strategies amidst political uncertainty.