No abstract available.

In this paper we present a local dynamics and investigate the global behavior of the following system of difference equations$x_{n+1}=ax_{n}^{3}+by_{n}^{3}$ $y_{n+1}=Ax_{n}^{3}+By_{n}^{3}$ $n\in\mathbb{N}_0$ with non-negative parameters and initial conditions $x_{0}$ and $y_{0}$ that are real numbers. We establish the relations for local stability of equilibriums and necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of period-two solution(s). We then use this result to give global behavior results for special ranges of parameters and determine the basins of attraction of all equilibrium points.

In the fight against cyber attacks, Network Softwarization (NS) is a flexible and adaptable shield, using advanced software to spot malicious activity in regular network traffic. However, the availability of comprehensive datasets for mobile networks, which are fundamental for the development of Machine Learning (ML) solutions for attack detection near their source, is still limited. Cross-Domain Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be the key to address this, although its application in Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) is still at its infancy. To address these challenges, we deployed an end-to-end O-RAN network, that was used to collect data from the RAN and the transport network. These datasets allow us to combine the knowledge from an in-network ML traffic classifier for attack detection to bolster the training of an ML-based traffic classifier specifically tailored for the RAN. Our results demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach, achieving an accuracy rate of 93%. This approach not only bridges critical gaps in mobile network security but also showcases the potential of cross-domain AI in enhancing the efficacy of network security measures.

Tracer testing in reservoir formations is utilised to determine residual oil saturation as part of optimum hydrocarbon production. Here, we present a novel detection method of liquid organic compounds by monodisperse SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) containing two luminophores, a EuIII:EDTA complex and a newly synthesised fluorophore based on the organic boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-moiety. The particles exhibited stable EuIII PL emission intensity with a long lifetime in aqueous dispersion. The fluorescence of the BODIPY was also preserved in the aqueous environment. The ratiometric PL detection technique was demonstrated by using toluene and 1-octanol as model compounds of crude oil. The optimal synthesis conditions were found to give NPs with a diameter of ~ 100 nm, which is suitable for transport through porous oil reservoir structures. The cytotoxicity of the NPs was confirmed to be very low for human lung cell and fish cell lines. These findings demonstrate the potential of the NPs to replace the hazardous chemicals used to estimate the residual oil saturation. Moreover, the ratiometric PL detection technique is anticipated to be of benefit in other fields, such as biotechnology, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring, where a reliable and safe detection of a liquid organic phase is needed.

Local producers constitute a crucial segment of the local economy, playing a pivotal role in driving rural development and the progress of tourism. Their avenues for showcasing products extend beyond markets, bazaars, or food events, often being integrated into a destination’s tourism offerings. Moreover, they contribute to the culinary progress within tourism. Originating from wider rural areas or nearby villages, local producers significantly impact everyday migrations, services, and financial transactions in relationships spanning suburban–urban, village–town, and cross-border cooperation. This study aims to scrutinize the social facets of the organization and work of local producers, offering insights into contemporary market processes. It also serves to illustrate cross-border cooperation and the role of culinary tourism in local business. Through qualitative data processing, we will delve into the outcomes of cross-border projects, emphasizing ethical and sustainable values rooted in territory, landscape, local culture, authenticity, and the application of culinary elements in tourism. The results will shed light on the economic, social, and cultural ramifications on markets in border regions, influencing daily life and the economy. This study will define key aspects of rural development. These research findings can inform local governments, the economy, and communities in future strategic planning for developing this market segment. Tourism, especially in hospitality, will empower rural communities to enhance financial inflow and create local employment opportunities, such as roles for vineyard tour guides or local chefs. Simultaneously, it will bolster other sectors of the local economy, such as agriculture.

Appendiceal neoplasms are quite uncommon. They are detected in fewer than 0.5 percent of appendectomies and less than 0.5 percent of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. Similar to a colonic adenoma, an appendiceal adenoma is neoplasm with precancerous nature. A rare case of appendiceal adenoma is presented here in a 65-year-old female patient, incidentally discovered at the orifice of the appendix, during the screening analysis. The patient felt well. Abdominal examination and laboratory analysis were regular. Due to the inaccessibility of the lesion by colonoscopy, surgical treatment was recommended. A laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. On pathological examination, diagnosis of tubulovillous adenoma was performed. Endoscopic screening analysis of precancerous appendiceal neoplasm is very important. The method of choice for any appendiceal neoplasm is surgical removal i.e. appendectomy, preferably with a clean caecal margin, which requires stapling of the cecum. Early detection can prevent complications and decrease the risk of consequential appendiceal or colorectal carcinoma.

AbstractAim Hydatidiform mole is a rare pregnancy disorder, with wide variety of reported incidence. The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence of hydatidiform moles (HM) in Tuzla Canton, specifically partial (PHM) and complete (CHM) forms.Material and methods All cases of HM that have been diagnosed at the University Clinical Center, Tuzla, between January 2011 and December 2015 were registered. The overall incidence of HM, as well as the incidence of PHM and CHM was calculated using the Tuzla Canton's live birth rate during the study period. A second review of tissue slides and p57 immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to determine the validity of the criteria for the diagnosis and distinction of the molar specimens.  Results There have been 256 cases of HM, 243 cases of PHM, 12 cases of CHM, and one case of unspecified HM. The average incidence of PHM was estimated at 11.03/1,000 and CHM at 0.54/1,000 live births. A second pathologist review revealed one PHM as a non-molar specimen, confirmed all CHM and identified an unknown HM as a PHM. Out of the 50 randomly chosen samples of PHM, p57 expression confirmed the diagnosis in 48 cases, disclosed one case as unrecognized CHM, and one sample showed discordant staining. IHC staining for p57 approved the diagnosis for all cases of CHM.Conclusion: HM incidence reporting remains a challenge due to the study design. p57 immunohistochemistry confirmed the strong validity of histopathological criteria in the diagnosis of CHM.

Introduction: Globally, the most common mental disorders in the elderly include dementia (5% - 8%), depression (7%), anxiety disorder (4%), and substance abuse (1%). Moreover, 25% of suicide deaths occur among the elderly. Whether the prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders increases in later life is currently debated in the literature. During the previous two decades of their lives, older adults in Bosnia and Herzegovina have experienced many specific psychosocial circumstances. The experience of war aggression on our country, and the post-war period with a very complex socioeconomic environment of the current socio-political climate, were accompanied by special challenges for the mental health of this population. Motivated by a large number of questions and dilemmas related to the state of mental health of this population, we conducted research at the Department of Psychiatry at the University Clinical Center Tuzla.Objective: Our objective was to investigate psychiatric morbidity and comorbidity in people over 55 years of age.Methods: The research sample consisted of all patients older than 55 years treated at the Department for Psychiatry during 2018 (N=281), divided into four age categories. To obtain data, we used medical documentation, i.e., medical records, and we constructed a special questionnaire for research purposes.Results: Diagnoses by ICD-10 groups: 33.4% of patients in the entire sample had affective disorders (F30.0-F39.0): "young" (39.2%), "middle" (43.3%), "older "(75%) (p<0.001); women had significantly more affective disorders (61.8%) than men (26.8%) (p<0.001). Men had significantly more organic mental disorders (F00.0-F09.0) (63.3%) than women (22.6%) (p<0.001).Hypertensio arterialis was the most common comorbid dg. of the entire sample, without significant differences according to age groups and sex (p>0.05). Diabetes mellitus was the second comorbid dg. By frequency in the total sample (19.6%) without significant differences according to age groups and according to sex (p>0.05).Conclusion: In the entire sample, the most common diagnoses are from the affective disorders group; the most common somatic comorbidities are hypertensio arterialis and diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: When carrying out prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous and partially edentulous patients, great attention is paid to the personal attitude of the patients, their satisfaction with oral health and psychosocial interaction due to tooth loss, as well as the treatment of the resulting disorders. This attention has led to the development of various instruments for examining the quality of life related to oral health. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a reliable instrument in the Serbian language suitable for measuring oral health-related quality of life in patients who have been rehabilitated with complete or partial dentures. Мaterials and Methods: The study was unicentric and cross-sectional, and assessed the reliability and validity of a newly developed instrument for measuring the oral health-related quality of life in denture wearers (OHRQoL-DW). It was conducted on a sample of 200 adults from Serbia, wearers of various types of dentures, with a mean age 66.9 ± 10.3 years and male/female ratio of 86/114 (43%/57%). Results: The definitive version of the OHRQoL-DW scale with 28 items showed very good reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha = 0.938. Good temporal stability of the questionnaire was demonstrated, and satisfactory results were obtained for divergent and convergent validity tests. Exploratory factorial analysis revealed four domains of oral health-related quality of life in denture wearers: physical, psychosocial, environmental and aesthetic. Conclusions: The OHRQoL-DW scale is a reliable and valid generic instrument for measuring the oral health-related quality of life in patients wearing dentures, which is one of the most important outcomes of oral health in prosthetic treatment.

Genetic monitoring of populations currently attracts interest in the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity but needs long-term planning and investments. However, genetic diversity has been largely neglected in biodiversity monitoring, and when addressed, it is treated separately, detached from other conservation issues, such as habitat alteration due to climate change. We report an accounting of efforts to monitor population genetic diversity in Europe (genetic monitoring effort, GME), the evaluation of which can help guide future capacity building and collaboration towards areas most in need of expanded monitoring. Overlaying GME with areas where the ranges of selected species of conservation interest approach current and future climate niche limits helps identify whether GME coincides with anticipated climate change effects on biodiversity. Our analysis suggests that country area, financial resources and conservation policy influence GME, high values of which only partially match species’ joint patterns of limits to suitable climatic conditions. Populations at trailing climatic niche margins probably hold genetic diversity that is important for adaptation to changing climate. Our results illuminate the need in Europe for expanded investment in genetic monitoring across climate gradients occupied by focal species, a need arguably greatest in southeastern European countries. This need could be met in part by expanding the European Union’s Birds and Habitats Directives to fully address the conservation and monitoring of genetic diversity. Comparing data on genetic monitoring efforts across Europe with the distributions of areas at species’ climatic niche margins, the authors show that monitoring efforts should be expanded to populations at trailing niche margins to include genetic variation that may prove important for adaptation to ongoing climate warming.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly progressed from an outbreak to a global pandemic, with new variants emerging rapidly. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, can lead to multiorgan damage. Due to the highly contagious and fatal nature of the virus, the priority of medical research has been to find effective treatments. Amid this search, the role of vitamin D in modulating various aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system has been debated.The aim of the work: research on the role of vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Although there are some conflicting results, the consensus is that vitamin D has a number of immunomodulatory effects that may be beneficial in the context of COVID-19 and that low vitamin D levels may result in dysfunction of key antimicrobial effects, potentially contributing to a poor prognosis. The aim of the paper is to investigate the impact and importance of vitamin D in patients with the corona virus.Work methods: During this retrospective study, data were taken from the Registry of those tested for the presence of the SARS-CoV2 virus, Specialist Center "Health House" in Bijeljina. The research included 30 patients positive for the presence of the SARS-CoV2 virus and 30 patients negative for the presence of the SARS-CoV2 virus. The following parameters were observed in the research: age, gender and vitamin D values, data on the body temperature of the patients and the duration of the disease, as well as the obtained results of the inflammatory parameters (Leukocytes and C- reactive protein CRP). The dana of all patients are anonymous. All patients were tested using the molecular method of polymerase chain reaction known as RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Separate samples were tested with Arhitectt Vitamin D reagent by the chemiluminescence method (CMIA), manufactured by Abott Arhitectt and 1000sr. Reference values of Vitamin D are from 75 to 150 nmol/L.Results: The concentration of vitamin D was lower in the group of patients with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) compared to individuals with the absence of the coronavirus disease. There is a tendency towards a negative correlation between the concentration of vitamin D and the duration of the disease in the group of patients with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), as like as the concentration of vitamin D and body temperature in the group of patients with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). There is also a tendency towards a negative relationship between the concentration of vitamin D and parameters of inflammation (CRP, Le) in the group of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).