Pomological characterisation of pears of the so-called “Lubenicarka” (watermelon pear) group has been based on three genotypes identified in numerous vegetative progeny as part of the native assortment of Bosnia and Herzegovina. “Krupna Lubenicarka” (common watermelon pear) variety was recommended for the expansion of production at the beginning of the XX century, and there were two more genotypes (“Crna Lubenicarka” (black watermelon pear) and “Bijela Lubenicarka” (white watermelon pear)) that were listed under the common name of “Lubenicarka”. The research results show that “Krupna Lubenicarka” variety has vegetative progeny characterised by stable pomological features which clearly and reliably determine this variety. “Crna” and “Bijela Lubenicarka” genotypes are characterised by certain pomological distinctions that clearly make them different, but also by some similarities, whose variability raises up the question of their reliable pomological and genetic characterisation. Morphometric analyses of the fruit and leaf of “Krupna Lubenicarka” variety and “Crna” and “Bijela Lubenicarka” genotypes represent their first pomological characterisation that can be adopted as a reliable foundation for collecting, further pomological studies and genetic characterisation.

The condensation reaction between carbohydrazide and salicylaldehyde in different solvents gave mono(salicylidene)carbohydrazide (1). The structure of 1 in solution has been determined by using experimental (NMR and UV spectroscopies and Mass spectrometry) and quantum chemical (DFT) meth- ods. It has been demonstrated that 1 adopts the hydroxy-one tautomeric form which is in accordance with previously published results for the related systems. Changes in NMR chemical shifts and calculations have pointed towards a formation of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, the later being weaker and easily broken at higher temperatures. These results can further be exploited for better understanding of the role hydrogen bonds can play in bioactivity of related derivatives. (doi: 10.5562/cca2123)

Introduction: Motivation is one of the most complex elements of human behavior, it is the subject of debates by which we answer to the question of why someone behaves in a certain way. The aim of this study wasto examine the factors of motivation for health workers and staff in working with diffi cult patients in intensive care units and to evaluate implementation of motivation factors by managers in their daily work with a team of health professionals.Methods: The study was designed as prospective. It was conducted on 27 employees who work in intensive care units in Clinical Center of Sarajevo University. The survey questionnaire was used with a clear andconcise questions , aimed at testing the factors of motivation for daily work with diffi cult patients, as well as implementation of motivational factors by managers in the organizational unit (OU).Results: Respondents indicated that motivates them, good organization of work - 10 of them (37%), while 26% of respondents indicated that they are motivated by fi nancial gain. In our study 21 (77%) of respondentssaid that their managers infuenced the motivation for a better job. Mobbing at the workplace did not had 80% of respondents, while 8% of respondents stated that they had some form of mobbing, and 12% of respondents give partial response.Conclusions: The survey showed that most respondents have a good motivation factors for the performance of daily activities to work with diffi cult patients. As the main motivating factors respondents reportedgood organization of work, as well as positive examples of their managers.

Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are two different medical conditions, which beside the first part of their name „osteo“, have very little in common. Osteoporosis is a disorder which influences bones in terms of reduction of quality and quantity, which can easily result in bone fracture. Clinical signs of osteoporosis show no pain or other symptoms which could point to changes in bone structure, unless a bone fracture is diagnosed. Osteoarthritis is a disease which influences joints and its surrounding tissues. Seeing through clinical signs, changes could be verifi ed in terms of pain and limitations of movement and the cause of pain and way of its treatment are numerous. A person can suffer from osteoporosis and osteoarthritis at the same time. Although these medical conditions are more frequent in female than in male population, mechanisms which lead to them may interfere. Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are muscular-bone disorders with signifi cant morbidity and mortality, but clinical experiences and epidemiological studies have shown their negative correlation.

Introduction: Intramedullary nailing is synthesis and  consolidation of fracture fragments with the main goalto gain strength and permanent placement of the implants. Two techniques of intramedullary osteosynthesis are used: with dynamic or with static intramedullary nail. Dynamization include conversion of static nail by removing screws from the longest fragment. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in the speed and quality of healing of the type A and B fractures of the femur and tibia treated by static or dynamic intramedullary nails and to compare the results.Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 129 patients with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the femur and tibia type A and type B. Patients were divided into two groups, based on the applied operating method, static or dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis.Results: The average number of weeks of healing femoral and tibial fractures was slightly in advantage of static intramedullary osteosynthesis, it was 17.08 weeks (SD=3.382). The average number of weeks of healing in 23 patients with fractures of the femur, treated by dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis was 17.83 (SD=2.978).Conclusion: We can conclude that static intramedullary nailing osteosynthesis unable movements between fragments which directly stimulates bone formation and formation of minimal callus. Static intramedullary ostesinthesys resolve the problem of stabilizing the fracture, limb shortening and rotation of fragments.

Intracranial dermoid cysts are congenital, usually nonmalignant lesions with an incidence of 0.5% of all intracranial tumors. They tend to occur in the midline sellar, parasellar, or frontonasal regions. Although theirnature is benign, dermoid cysts have a high morbidity and mortality risk, especially when rupture occurs. A 40 year old woman presented with head injury after she experienced sudden loss of consciousness. She hada history of headache, loss of consciousness; her past medical history was not remarkable. The patient had no complaints of nausea, vomiting, or seizures. Vital signs were stable, neurologic defi cit was not identifi ed.Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed right temporobasal zone with fat droplets within right fi ssure Sylvii and interhemispheric fi ssure indicating a rupture of a dermoid cyst. Craniotomy and cyst resection were done, and diagnosis was confirmed with pathological examination following surgery. After surgery the patient did not recover. Cerebral ischemia from chemical meningitis was fatal forour patient. Headache as a symptom has many causes. It is rarely due to chemical meningitis arising from a ruptured dermoid cyst. This case report illustrated the importance of investigating a cause of the headache,CT and MRI being diagnostic methods. In this way, mortality as well as morbidity from complications such as chemical arachnoiditis can be significantly reduced if imaging is done early in these patients.

Introduction: Differential diagnosis of acute chest pain encompasses a broad spectrum of illnesses which are most likely followed by benign outcomes (pneumonia, pneumothorax, pleurisy, pericardial effusion, hiatus hernia), but also illnesses of lethal outcomes (pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection,thoracic aortic aneurysms, thoracic aortic aneurysm rupture, etc). Illnesses associated with benign and lethal outcomes may present very similar if not the same symptoms, resulting in a diffi cult establishment of accurate diagnosis. Methods : During the period of one year, 123 patients presented with non-cardiac acute chest pain were referred for the multi slice computed tomography (MSCT) examination. Scanning of thorax was conducted in two series: unenhanced and contrast-enhanced, using a window for pulmonary parenchyma and mediastinum. Results : From a total number of patients 21.1% had normal results while the other 79.9% had pathological results. Out of the total number of patients with pathological result MSCT established potentially lethal outcome for 35.0%, out of which 83.7% was contributed to vascular territory of pulmonary artery, while 16.3% was contributed to aorta. Conclusion : MSCT scanning, owe to its ability of simultaneous analysis of vascular and non-vascular thoracic structures, represents a very effi cient and reliable method for establishing accurate diagnosis and appropriate triage of patients with acute chest pain. Accurate and effi cient diagnosis enables benefi cial outcome for the patient in this group of illness. MSCT enables the differentiation of etiological factors, which present as acute onset of non-cardiac chest pain.

Introduction: Present study describes the antimicrobial activity and free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) of essential oil from Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. Aim of this study to investigate the quality, antimicrobial andantioxidant activity of wild species Mentha longifolia essential oil from Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: The chemical profi le of essential oil was evaluated by the means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Antimicrobial activity was tested against 6bacterial strains. RSC was assessed by measuring the scavenging activity of essential oils on 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH).Results: The main constituents of the essential oil of M. longifoliae folium were oxygenated monoterpenes,piperitone oxide (63.58%) and 1,8-cineole (12.03%). Essential oil exhibited very strong antibacterial activity.The most important antibacterial activity essential oil was expressed on Gram negative strains: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerginosa and Salmonella enterica. subsp.enterica serotype ABONY. Antioxidant activity was evaluated as a RSC. Investigated essential oil was able to reduce DPPH radicals into the neutral DPPHH form (IC50=10.5 μg/ml) and this activity was dose –dependent.Conclusion: The study revealed signifi cant antimicrobial activity of the investigated essential oil. The examined oil exhibited high RSC, which was found to be in correlation to the content of mainly monoterpeneketones and aldehydes. These results indicate that essential oils could serve as safe antioxidant and antiseptic supplements in pharmaceuticals.