BackgroundYoung people face many barriers in accessing health services that are responsive to their needs. The World Health Organization has led a call to develop services that address these barriers, i.e. youth-friendly health services. Addressing the needs of young people is one of the priorities of Foundation fami, an organisation working in collaboration with the Swiss Federal Department of Development and Cooperation and Geneva University Hospitals to develop quality family medicine services in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This paper describes the design of a trial to assess the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention involving family medicine teams (primary care doctors and nurses) to improve the youth-friendliness of family medicine services in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods/DesignThis is a stratified cluster randomised trial with a repeated cross-sectional design involving 59 health services in 10 municipalities of the canton of Zenica in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Municipalities were the unit of randomisation: five municipalities were randomised to the intervention arm and five to a wait-list control arm. Family medicine teams in the intervention arm were invited to participate in an interactive training program about youth-friendly service principles and change processes within their service. The primary outcome was the youth-friendliness of the primary care service measured using the YFHS-WHO + questionnaire, a validated tool which young people aged 15 to 24 years complete following a family medicine consultation.A total of 600 young people aged 15 to 24 years were invited to participate and complete the YFHS-WHO + questionnaire: 300 (30 per municipality) at baseline, and 300 at follow-up, three to five months after the training program.DiscussionThe results of this trial should provide much awaited evidence about the development of youth-friendly primary care services and inform their further development both in Bosnia and Herzegovina and worldwide.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry_ ACTRN12610000142033

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and surgical outcome of the sling procedures in stress incontinent women in comparison to conventional anterior colporrhaphy. Total of 56 patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) were treated with sling procedure between November 2011 and March 2013, 39/56 (69.6%) with suprapubic arc (SPARC) and 17/56 (30.4%) with MiniArc method. During the same period total of 49 patients with SUI were treated with traditional anterior colporrhaphy according to Bagovid method as the control group. All patients were prospectively clinically assessed over aperiod of 3, 6 and l2 months after surgery. The objective cure rate after the follow-up was 92.9% (52/56) in observed group of patients and 79.6% (39/49) in control group and improvement was occurred in rest of 5.4% (3/56) and 18.4% (9/49), respectively (p < 0.05). The overall complications rate was significantly lower in the observed group of patients than in the control group, 12.5% (7/56) vs. 28.6% (14/49), (p < 0.05). In the sling group was postoperatively noticed slightly higher rate of urinary incontinence, but in the colporrhaphy group was emphasized rate of urinary retention. Only one from the each group of patients failed the surgical procedure and required additional correction for SUI. The mean operating time for SPARC and MiniArc procedure was 19 +/- 7 and 9 +/- 5 minutes, respectively (p < 0.0001). Mean duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in the sling group of patients (2.6 +/- 1.0, range 2-7) days than in the control group of (9.6 +/- 1.8, range 6-18), (p < 0.001 < 0.0001). According to presented results, sling is a highly effective method in patients with SUI with low incidence of perioperative complications, promising long-term results and high patient's satisfaction.

Aim of the study Aim of the study was to compare radiobiological effects of multiple vs. single low-dose pre-irradiation on the HT29 cell line. This regime is designed to be as similar as possible to fractionated tumour radiotherapy treatment, and to provide data on radiobiological effects on human tumour cells. Material and methods The cell line used in the study was HT29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma, American Type Culture Collection HTB-38™). Also, for comparison, the MRC5 cell line (human foetal lung fibroblasts, American Type Culture Collection CCL 171) was used. Four-day treatment in a 4 × 2 Gy regime was performed. Cell viability was evaluated by tetrazolium colorimetric MTT assay. Results Multiple low-dose pre-irradiation induced a stronger radioadaptive response compared to single low-dose application in the HT29 cell line. Multiple pre-irradiation with 0.03 Gy and 0.05 Gy caused radioadaptive effects, while in both single and multiple low-dose pre-irradiation regimes 0.07 Gy led to radiosensitivity. Radiobiological effects induced in the HT29 cell line by low-dose pre-irradiation were evidently weak during the treatment time, because a single low-dose applied only on the first day gave no radioadaptive effects. In the MRC5 cell line different effects were registered, since radioadaptive response has not been observed after multiple or single pre-irradiation. Conclusions The obtained data are interesting, especially for the possible application of low-dose pre-irradiation in radiotherapy.

Cilj je ispitati učestalost teškoća pri dojenju i učestalost isključivog dojenja u rodilištu s obzirom na stupanj samoefi kasnosti dojenjamajki. U ovoj kohortnoj studiji su sudjelovale 772 majke koje su rodile u Kliničkoj bolnici “Sveti Duh” u Zagrebu u razdoblju od listopada 2010. do siječnja 2011. godine. Majke su u rodilištu ispunile upitnik koji je sadržavao pitanja o demografskim podatcima iteškoćama pri dojenju tijekom prvih 48 sati nakon porođaja te Skalu za mjerenje samoefi kasnosti dojenja (BSES-SF). Podatci o načinu prehrane novorođenčeta prikupljeni su iz medicinske dokumentacije. U statističkoj obradi podataka primijenjeni su χ2 test,Mann-Whitneyev test i Spearmanov koefi cijent korelacije. Teškoće pri dojenju izvijestilo je 450 (58,3%) majki. Nađena je značajnanegativna korelacija između broja teškoća i broja bodova ostvarenih na BSES-SF skali (rs= -0,33, p<0,001). Majke s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja češće su imale teškoće pri njemu (64,4% vs. 36,5%, p<0,001) i češće su djelomično dojile u usporedbi s majkamačija je samoefi kasnost visoka (69,5% vs. 30,5%, p<0,001). Zastupljenost pojedinih teškoća pri dojenju (teškoće s tehnikom dojenja,bolne i oštećene bradavice, zastoj mlijeka, percepcija nedovoljne količine mlijeka) bila je značajno češća u majki s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja. Rezultati pokazuju da majke s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja imaju povećan rizik za pojavu teškoća primjemu i odustajanje od isključivog dojenja tijekom boravka u rodilištu. Ova studija dodatno potvrđuje da je samoefi kasnost dojenjaznačajan čimbenik ranog ishoda dojenja.

This paper focuses on dimensions of the perceived service quality measurement for business schools. We propose an adapted SERVQUAL measure of expected and perceived quality, where employees at business schools are split into two groups: faculty and administrative staff, and assessed separately. This measure represents a tool for comparable service quality assessment at business schools. Empirical data were collected among undergraduate students in a developing economy. A total of 282 respondents were used to assess the overall fit of the proposed model and to test the differences between the expectations and the perceptions of service quality in a business school. The results support usability of the proposed adapted SERVQUAL measure. Therefore, the study contributes to the existing literature reporting the findings on service quality in an educational context.

Clinical Interventions in Aging is an international, peer-reviewed journal focusing on evidence-based reports on the value or lack thereof of treatments intended to prevent or delay the onset of maladaptive correlates of aging in human beings. This journal is indexed on PubMed Central, MedLine, CAS, Scopus and the Elsevier Bibliographic databases. The manuscript management system is completely online and includes a very quick and fair peer-review system, which is all easy to use. Visit http://www.dovepress. com/testimonials.php to read real quotes from published authors.

Lekari opste medicine se cesto susrecu sa hitnim stanjima u svojoj praksi. Da bi se lekar brzo snasao u takvoj situaciji i primenio odgovarajucu terapiju pravovremeno, neophodno je da pri sebi ima pripremljenu odabranu kolekciju lekova koji mogu resiti sva ili gotovo sva hitna stanja. U lekarskoj torbi bi trebalo da se nađu sledeci lekovi: paracetamol (za blage do umerene bolove i povisenu temperaturu), morfin (za jake bolove), nalokson (za lecenje trovanja heroinom), ceftriakson (za meningokokni meningitis), salbutamol (za prekid napada bronhijalne astme), hidrokortizon (za prekid napada bronhijalne astme), glukagon (za tesku hipoglikemiju), glukoza (za blagu do umerenu hipoglikemiju), diazepam (za prekid febrilnih konvulzija ili epileptickog statusa), adrenalin (za anafilaksu i zastoj srca), atropin (za simptomatsku bradikardiju), hlorpiramin (za akutne alergijske reakcije), aspirin (za akutni infarkt miokarda), nitroglicerin (za akutni koronarni sindrom), metoklopramid (za mucninu i povracanje), haloperidol (za delirijum), metilergometrin (za krvarenje posle porođaja ili pobacaja), furosemid (za akutni edem pluca) i flumazenil (za trovanje benzodiazepinima). Za svaki od navedenih lekova lekar treba dobro da poznaje preporucene doze, indikacije, kontraindikacije i najvažnija upozorenja. Svi navedeni lekovi su dostupni na domacem tržistu ili putem specijalnog uvoza, tako da lekar opste prakse može da popuni svoju torbu svim potrebnim lekovima i efikasno i bezbedno zbrine svako od hitnih stanja.

In this paper we consider modulus of noncompact convexity ΔX,φ associated with the strictly minimalizable measure of noncompactness φ. We also give some its properties and show its continuity on the interval [0, φ(BX)).