In the traditional forest management the non-living woody biomass in forests was perceived negatively. Generally, deadwood was removed during the silvicultural treatments to protect forests against fire, pests and insects attacks. In the last decades, the perception of forest managers regarding forest deadwood is changing. However, people’s opinions about the presence of deadwood in the forests have been few investigated. In view of this gap, the aim of the paper is to understand the tourists’ perception and opinions towards the deadwood in mountain forests. The survey was carried out in two study areas: the first one in Italy and the second one in Bosnia-Herzegovina. A structured questionnaire was administered to a random sample of visitors ( n =156 in Italy; n =115 in Bosnia-Herzegovina). The tourists’ preferences were evaluated through a set of images characterized by a different amount of standing dead trees and lying deadwood. The collected data were statistically analyzed to highlight the preferred type of forests related to different forms of management of deadwood (unmanaged forests, close-to-nature forests, extensive managed forests and intensive managed forests). The results show that both components of deadwood are not perceived negatively by tourists. More than 60% of respondents prefer unmanaged forests and close-to-nature managed forests, 40% of respondents prefer intensive managed forests in which deadwood is removed during the silvicultural treatments.

Abstract Background: Despite considerable efforts to promote and support clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) use, adherence has often been suboptimal universally. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess to which extent family physicians (FPs) in Republic of Srpska (RS), Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) accept or reject the concept and practice of CPGs and evidence-based medicine (EBM). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among FPs from the RS, BiH in the period between January and March 2014. Recruitment of FPs was performed combining two different strategies, in-person recruitment at family medicine conferences and mailed invitations. The Questionnaire included19 questions from the existing Healthcare Monitor Questionnaire, divided into four thematic blocks and 11 self-designed questions. Results: Seventy-seven per cent of 131 interviewed physicians reported already using guidelines in the treatment of patients, while 22.9% of them are undecided or disagree. As the reason for rejecting guidelines, 13.0% of the physicians stated they did not support their content, 12.2% found that limited knowledge about guidelines prevented their application, and another 12.2% reported that the current guidelines were not practical enough. All groups would rather not use guidelines developed by a governmental institution. Conclusion: Most physicians in the RS, BiH accept and declare application of CPG. However, a substantial percentage remains sceptical, using CPGs only as an exception, or rejecting them due to their content or impracticability. Key Messages Most physicians declare application of clinical practice guidelines. Substantial percentage of physicians remains sceptical, using CPGs only exceptionally. Further studies are needed to promote the use of CPG and the concept of EBM.

Introduction: In the late 70s of the last century, the mortality rate due to polytrauma amounted to 40%. This led to a new approach to this patient category with the goal of improving the treatment outcome.  According to the German trauma register, the rate of mortality in polytrauma at the end of the last century was 18.6%. The goal of this study is to determine the incidence of hospital mortality in polytrauma patients in a tertiary institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: We analyzed patient medical records from the Intensive Care Unit of the Clinic of Orthopedics and Traumatology at University Clinical Center Sarajevo, from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012.Results:  There were 70 polytrauma patients in 2012, with average age 47.55 (range 8-77) years. Half of the patients were younger than 50 years. Age groups most frequently affected were 61 and older (25.7%), 51-60 years (24.3%), and 31-40 years (21.4%). Lethal outcome occurred in 10 patients (14.3%), while 60 patients (85.7%) survived and were treated until discharge or transfer to a different department.  The average Injury Severity Score (ISS) in patients with lethal outcome was 71.50, while in survivors was 37.  The largest percentage of lethal outcomes was recorded in cases of traffic accidents.Conclusion: The mortality rate among hospitalized polytrauma patients in the tertiary institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina is similar to reported mortality rates in other countries with developed healthcare system.

No abstract available.

In today's modern supply chains, the adequate suppliers' choice has strategic meaning for entire companies' business. The aim of this paper is to evaluate different suppliers using the integrated model that recognizes a combination of fuzzy AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and the TOPSIS method. Based on six criteria, the expert team was formed to compare them, so determination of their significance is being done with fuzzy AHP method. Expert team also compares suppliers according to each criteria and on the base of triangular fuzzy numbers. Based on their inputs, TOPSIS method is used to estimate potential solutions. Suggested model accomplishes certain advantages in comparison with previously used traditional models which were used to make decisions about evaluation and choice of supplier.