AimTo explore the prevalence of amebiasis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, in patients in Clinical hospital Mostar (Bosnia and Herzegovina, region of Herzegovina).MethodsIn this study, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar prevalence was investigated in fresh faeces by native microscopy and immunochromatographic rapid assay “RIDA®QUICK Entamoeba test”, in 119 cases of new found IBD patients, 84 of ulcerative colitis and 35 of Crohn’s disease and in control group who had also 119 patients who didn’t have any gastrointestinal complaints. IBD diagnosis was established by standard diagnostic procedures (anamnesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory, endoscopy and biopsy).ResultsEntamoeba histolytica/dispar were found in 19 (16.0 %) of a total of 119 cases, 12 (14.3 %) of the 84 patients with ulcerative colitis and 7 (20.0 %) of the 35 patients with Crohn’s disease. As for the 119 patients in the control group who had not any gastrointestinal complaints, 2 (1.7 %) patients were found to have E. histolytica/dispar in their faeces. Amoeba prevalence in the patient group was determined to be significantly higher in group with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and IBD total than in the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionAmeba infections in patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, have a greater prevalence compared to the normal population.

We investigated if a femoral nerve block (FNB) for patients with a proximal femoral fracture (PFF) and administered by an orthopaedic registrar (OR) instead of an anaesthesiology registrar (AR) lowers the lead time to block and reduces the total amount of rescue analgesics during the preoperative phase. 205 patients were included in a prospective observational cohort study. The main outcome variable was rescue analgesics as total intravenous morphine prior to surgery. All results were adjusted for confounding using age, sex, cognitive dysfunction, and ASA classification. The OR group (n = 135) was over 2 hours faster in performing the block compared to the AR group (n = 70) but was nonetheless correlated with an increased amount of rescue analgesics during the study, 2.4 mg morphine (95% CI 0.0–4.9) more compared to the AR group. We found no difference between the groups in the risk of adverse events. We conclude that, for patients with an acute PFF and with morphine consumption as end point, how soon from arrival to hospital the patients receive a FNB is of lesser importance than who is administering it. Based on our results we recommend that emergency hospitals should have routines for anaesthesiologists performing FNB on this frail patient group.

Lung cancer is usually presented with cough, dyspnea, pain and weight loss, which is overlapping with symptoms of other lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary fibrosis shows characteristic reticular and nodular pattern, while lung cancers are mostly presented with infiltrative mass, thick-walled cavitations or a solitary nodule with spiculated borders. If the diagnosis is established based on clinical symptoms and CT findings, it would be a misapprehension. We report a case of lung adenocarcinoma whose symptoms as well as clinical images overlapped strongly with pulmonary fibrosis. The patient’s non-productive cough, progressive dyspnea, restrictive pattern of pulmonary function test and CT scans (showing reticular interstitial opacities) were all indicative of pulmonary fibrosis. The patient underwent a treatment consisting of corticosteroids and antibiotics, to no avail. Histopathology of the lung showed that the patient suffered from mucinous adenocarcinoma. Albeit the immunohistochemical staining was not consistent with lung adenocarcinoma, tumor’s morphological characteristics were consistent, and were used to make the definitive diagnosis. Given the fact that radiography cannot always make a clear-cut difference between pulmonary fibrosis and lung adenocarcinomas, and that clinical symptoms often overlap, histological examination should be considered as gold standard for diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

This paper looks at the key trends of financial integration and analyzes the degree to which Western Balkan countries are internationally integrated in financial flows. With the aim of reviewing the development of financial integration in the region some the experience of Western Balkan regions will be examined by conducting cross-country comparisons. The analysis focuses on the Western Balkans region by examining a set of financial indicators, but it will be useful to see the comparative view to the European perspective (EU 3 countries). To the purpose of cross country comparison, several important financial integration indicators related to financial openness and financial deepening are considered. The data for eight transition countries was sourced from the World Bank - World Development Indicators, IFS (International Financial Statistics), and WEO. For needs of the size and composition of capital inflows countries of the Western Balkan and EU 3 countries data are drawn from balance of payment selected countries. The paper provides two key insights. First, the financial systems in sample of analyzing countries are still at an earlier stage. Second, the median volatility of Portfolio investments (as % of GDP) is shown substantially less than the median volatility of Loan-to-GDP ratio and median volatility of FDI flows-to-GDP ratio. Also, the coefficient of variation for the Western Balkan region as well as EU3 countries reveals that the loan-to-GDP ratio is less volatile than the FDI inflows to GDP ratio. http://dx.doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.2016icafr22419

A Comissao de Residuos Quimicos do Departamento de Alimentos e Nutricao (CRQ-DEPAN) composta por Profissionais de Apoio Tecnico (Biologos, Quimico, Matematico, Tecnico de Alimento, Tecnico de Bioterio e Tecnico de Informatica) comecou no ano de 2000. O objetivo principal, na epoca da criacao, juntamente com a Comissao de Seguranca da FEA, era dar destino adequado ao passivo de residuos quimicos armazenado no departamento e conscientizar os usuarios de laboratorios da necessidade de minimizar e descartar adequadamente os residuos gerados. Num trabalho continuo de conscientizacao, que ja dura cerca de oito anos, sao oferecidos anualmente treinamentos sobre descarte de residuos quimico e biologico, lavagem de vidraria, utilizacao de equipamentos, uso correto de EPIs e boas praticas de laboratorio. Outras medidas como orientacao na compra de reagentes, utilizacao de procedimentos comuns de analise e descarte de residuos, disponibilizacao de FISPQ para consulta, tem contribuido fortemente na organizacao dos laboratorios evitando acidentes, desperdicio de reagentes e geracao de residuos. Medidas organizacionais permitem o funcionamento integrado do Departamento e um ambiente de trabalho mais saudavel.

Mensalmente sao geradas cerca de 300 toneladas de lixo biologico em Campinas e regiao. Esse lixo, considerado Classe A, e proveniente de hospitais, centros de saude, farmacias, clinicas, laboratorios, ambulatorios, consultorios medicos, odontologicos, veterinarios etc. No Laboratorio de Ensaios Biologicos do Departamento de Alimentos e Nutricao (DEPAN) da Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, sao realizadas pesquisas nutricionais com animais, cujos residuos: carcacas de animais, sangue, visceras e material perfurocortante sao coletados adequadamente por firma especializada para tratamento e disposicao. Com o objetivo de saber o destino final desse tipo de lixo, foi realizada uma visita tecnica a empresa MB Engenharia e Meio Ambiente Ltda, responsavel pelo tratamento de todo lixo Classe A de Campinas e regiao. Profissionais de apoio tecnico e alunos de pos-graduacao do DEPAN acompanharam todo processo de tratamento, no qual o residuo biologico e triturado, recebe a injecao de vapor d’agua (150°C/15 min) e aplicacao de ondas eletromagneticas (95°C/30 min). Apos esse tratamento, o lixo ja reduzido em ate 80% do volume inicial, e considerado lixo comum (Classe D) e disposto em aterro sanitario. Esta visita foi muito importante do ponto de vista tecnico, agregando conhecimento aos profissionais envolvidos no gerenciamento de residuos quimicos e biologicos do Departamento de Alimento e Nutricao.

High-coverage whole-genome sequence studies have so far focused on a limited number of geographically restricted populations, or been targeted at specific diseases, such as cancer. Nevertheless, the availability of high-resolution genomic data has led to the development of new methodologies for inferring population history and refuelled the debate on the mutation rate in humans. Here we present the Estonian Biocentre Human Genome Diversity Panel (EGDP), a dataset of 483 high-coverage human genomes from 148 populations worldwide, including 379 new genomes from 125 populations, which we group into diversity and selection sets. We analyse this dataset to refine estimates of continent-wide patterns of heterozygosity, long- and short-distance gene flow, archaic admixture, and changes in effective population size through time as well as for signals of positive or balancing selection. We find a genetic signature in present-day Papuans that suggests that at least 2% of their genome originates from an early and largely extinct expansion of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) out of Africa. Together with evidence from the western Asian fossil record, and admixture between AMHs and Neanderthals predating the main Eurasian expansion, our results contribute to the mounting evidence for the presence of AMHs out of Africa earlier than 75,000 years ago.