We give a new proof of the best presently known error term in the prime geodesic theorem for compact Riemann surfaces, without the assumption of excluding a set of finite logarithmic measure. Stronger implications of the Gallagher-Koyama approach are derived yielding to a further reduction of the error term outside a set of finite logarithmic measure.

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a eficacia da sistematizacao da assistencia de enfermagem na prevencao, promocao, recuperacao e reabilitacao da saude do paciente, na percepcao do enfermeiro. O estudo e qualitativo, descritivo e exploratorio com base na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, seguindo as diretrizes do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A amostra foi composta por 100 enfermeiros de dois hospitais do estado de Sao Paulo, que responderam a um questionario elaborado pelos pesquisadores, com cinco questoes para caracterizacao sociodemografica dos participantes e uma referente ao objetivo principal, como questao norteadora.. Os enfermeiros que consideraram a sistematizacao eficaz expressaram ideias centrais categorizadas em: “Processo”; “Documento”; “Holistico”; “Sim, segundo plano” e “Sim, falta comprometimento”. Os que nao consideraram a sistematizacao eficaz expressaram ideias centrais como “Nao, falta colaborador”; “Nao e eficaz”; “Nao, falta conhecimento”; “Nao, e burocratica”; “Nao tem valor”; “Nao, falta comprometimento”; “Nao, segundo plano” e “Cultural”. Observou-se variacao na opiniao dos enfermeiros assistenciais, desde aqueles que consideram a sistematizacao efetiva como os que a reconhecem como ineficaz. Mas mesmo os que a consideram eficaz destacam aspectos necessarios para sua melhoria, como recursos administrativos e humanos.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three Lactobacillus plantarum strains on in-vivo small intestinal barrier function and gut mucosal gene transcription in human subjects. The strains were selected for their differential effects on TLR signalling and tight junction protein rearrangement, which may lead to beneficial effects in a stressed human gut mucosa. Ten healthy volunteers participated in four different intervention periods: 7-day oral intake of either L. plantarum WCFS1, CIP104448, TIFN101 or placebo, proceeded by a 4 weeks wash-out period. Lactulose-rhamnose ratio (an indicator of small intestinal permeability) increased after intake of indomethacin, which was given as an artificial stressor of the gut mucosal barrier (mean ratio 0.06 ± 0.04 to 0.10 ± 0.06, p = 0.001), but was not significantly affected by the bacterial interventions. However, analysis in small intestinal biopsies, obtained by gastroduodenoscopy, demonstrated that particularly L. plantarum TIFN101 modulated gene transcription pathways related to cell-cell adhesion with high turnover of genes involved in tight- and adhesion junction protein synthesis and degradation (e.g. actinin alpha-4, metalloproteinase-2). These effects were less pronounced for L. plantarum WCFS1 and CIP104448. In conclusion, L. plantarum TIFN101 induced the most pronounced probiotic properties with specific gene transcriptional effects on repair processes in the compromised intestine of healthy subjects.

The aim of this work is to determine attitudes if trainers about possibilities and efficiency of application of functional training in high sports and recreation. In order to obtain relevant information about the importance of functional training in top sport and recreation, the survey was conducted on a sample consisting of 25 coaches of different age groups, gender, branch of sport and sports experience. The survey results showed that functional training is one of the most popular systems of training in top sport and recreation and that coaches use in their practical work. According to the respondents coach for functional training is important to point out that it is based on exercises that include our whole body and thereby leads to the activation of more muscle groups at the time of its execution. It affects the development of motor skills such as strength, power, coordination, balance, flexibility, speed, muscular endurance. Trainers also claim that functional training effects the development of energy systems (phosphate, glycolytic and aerobic), and reduction of body fat (subcutaneous and visceral), toning and increasing muscle mass, subjective sense of power and regulating stress levels.

Research was conducted on a sample of 121 respondents in total-sportsmen aged 14-16 years old from five different sports (skiing, boxing, swimming, volleyball and basketball), trough a questionnaire containing 19 representative indicators – qualities that the coach should possess. Examined are the attitudes of young and promising sportsmen of the desirable characteristics of a good coach. It’s about the selected young and promising sportsmen, whose quality is determined on the basis of achieved results at official championships in of Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina and international competitions. The survey questionnaire was administered in which any claim has 5 replies as follows: always, often, sometimes, rarely did I ever. It’s about five-point Liker scale. The survey contains questions related to gender, length of training period and type of sport. In order to determine the latent structure of the appropriateness of indicators was used factor analysis with Varimax rotation in solution. Given results of the factor analysis with Varimax rotation in solutions showed stable set of four isolated latent dimensions that can be described as: (1) technical quality of the trainers (2) the general human traits coaches (3) external characteristics of trainers and (4) the ratio of coaches to the sportsmen. The results point to the fact that the qualities that a coach has to exhibit the work of young and promising sportsmen in training and competition is of great importance for the formation of the whole personality and versatile young sportsmen in his sport promotion.