Introduction: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a rare cardiovascular anomaly and represents direct communications between the branches of pulmonary artery and pulmonary veins, without an intervening pulmonary bed. The incidence of PAVM is 2–3 per 100,000 population. The male to female ratio varies from 1:1.5 to 1.8. A clinical manifestation may be from asymptomatic to severe hypoxia. Case presentation: A ten years old boy was admitted to a regional hospital because the mother noticed that the boy was slower in the game at the teacher noticed that the boy was slower and could not lift his eyes up of clinical and laboratory examinations have been shown polycythemia, and cyanosis, bat-like appearance of the fingers and polycythemia, RTG chest and CT have claimed AV malformation of the lower left lobes with the feeding artery Neurologic symptoms may be the presenting symptoms in up to 40% of patients. The patient was successfully treated with left lower lobectomy. Early post-operative recovery has been successful. Later checkups showed better blood saturation with oxygen, the same polycythemia, and a better clinical condition. Discussion and Conclusion: If the etiology of the hypoxemia often remains unclear pulmonary AVM should be considered. The diagnosis needs to be confirmed with a CT scan that should identify the food artery. If the AV malformation occupies large part of the lobe, a reasonable treatment options should be lobectomy. Longterm follow up, including chest CT examinations every 1 to 2 years, is recommended.

Relaying over power line communication (PLC) channels can considerably enhance the performance and reliability of PLC systems. This paper is dedicated to study and analyze the energy efficiency of multi-hop cooperative relaying PLC systems. Incremental decode-and-forward (IDF) relying is exploited to reduce the transmit power consumption. The PLC channel is assumed to experience log-normal fading with impulsive noise. The performances of single-hop and conventional DF relaying systems are also analyzed in terms of outage probability and energy efficiency for which analytical expressions are derived. Results show that using more relays can improve the outage probability performance; however, this is achieved at the expense of increased power consumption due to the increased static power of the relays, especially when the total source-to-destination distance is relatively small. Results also demonstrate that the IDF PLC system has better energy efficiency performance compared to the other schemes.

Aim of this paper was to examine effectiveness of speech and language development examination of persons with hearing impairment in form of applicable diagnostic software in relation to classical approach. Research was conducted on the sample of 45 respondents from the population of students with hearing impairments based on following criteria: degree of impairment above 80 dB, age from 6 to 15 years without any other disabilities. Data was processed with descriptive analysis, Wilcoxon test and t-test. Results of the research confirmed that applicable diagnostic software provide more effective diagnostic procedures for examining of speach and language development of persons with hearing impairment in relation to classical approach.

The development of medical informatics goes back to the second half of the twentieth century with the start of the automation of processes. Medical informatics education plays an important role in the education of health care providers and medical providers. Education in medical informatics is not only important for medical students but also for other medical staff at all professional levels of education. Integrating medical Informatics into the full spectrum of medical education is a vital step required for the understanding and practice of modern medicine. There are curricula in the field of medical informatics at many universities in Europe. Great roles in this field had the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) and – the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI). Working groups of IMIA and EFMI defined and recommended concepts and methodologies of education for medical informatics on three levels. Generally in all European countries medical education at universities is organized on the basis of the Bologna concept, which has improved the quality of teaching process in plenty matters, but it has brought a big number of highly educated staff, that are younger than average, but also have average level of knowledge. Basically, the Bologna system has brought averageness we tried to escape from. With the introduction of the Bologna process in Bosnia and Herzegovina and other countries, a new process is being introduced which introduces a new curriculum, a greater number of subjects, a complemented systematization of knowledge and the need to correct past attitudes. Since the curriculum of medical informatics varies between countries and universities and faculties in the country, it is necessary to take steps towards the unification of the curriculum at the international level. Aim of the article is to show the status of medical informatics education in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Europe.

Robert Steven Ledley (1926-2012) is one of the most influential Medical informatics scientists in the history of development of Medical informatics (1-3). Robert S. Ledley and his colleague Lee B. Lusted (1922-1994) wrote a seminal 1959 paper in Science that many people cite as the publication that launched the informatics field (Reasoning Foundations of Clinical Diagnosis).

Aim: Aim of article was to evaluate knowledge and practice of authorship issues among the academic population in the medical field. Material and methods: Article has an analytical character and includes 69 academic workers (from the medical field, with the status of a regular employee of the Faculty of Medicine or a professional associate) who responded to the survey. Results: Within the total number of respondents in the study, 34.8% of them were added as coauthors, although they did not have any input in the writing process. Even 47.8% of the respondents were under psychological pressure, that they have to add their superiors to the list of authors, though they did not have any contribution at any stage of the article preparation, while 29% of the respondents had a tacit agreement about mutual adding to the author’s list, and 36.2% added their superiors to the author’s list, in order that the first author would get a permission to publish the article in a certain journal. Conclusion: The relationship between the author, the mentor, the data processing person, the person providing the moral support etc. must be established, and not all of them has a place in the list of authors, they should be given special places at the end of the article, a space for acknowledgments, where these people may be mentioned. The consciousness of the academic community must change for the purpose of the concrete progress of the academic community and the scientific contributions of its members.