Abstract In Herzegovina, different genotypes of grapevine are called the same, and the origin of these cultivars is mainly unexplored. Two groups of autochthonous cultivars are grown. The first group consists of more widespread Žilavka and Blatina, and accompanying Bena, Krkošija, Dobrogostina and Trnjak, and the second one of less common cultivars that should be preserved from extinction. Considering the small number of studies on the comparison of different methods used for analyses of similarities and relatedness of grapevine germplasm, it was interesting to assess the use of morphological characterization with molecular markers in identification of cultivars in Herzegovina. The results indicate that a similarity coefficient had a broad value range for both methods. Both methods successfully in different ways differentiated all analysed varieties, and for complete and comprehensive identification of grapevine varieties should be use.

Taking the Iwaniec explicit formula as a starting point, we give a short proof of a more precise $\frac{2}{3}$ bound for the exponent in the error term of the Gallagher-type prime geodesic theorem for the modular surface.

Introduction: The burden of stroke has been increasing worldwide, especially in developing countries. Very few data regarding epidemiology of stroke are available in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Patients and methods: We undertook a retrospective hospital-based study in all hospitals existing in five cantons and one district of BH. The patients were recruited between January 1st, 2014, and December 31st, 2014, and only first-ever-in-lifetime strokes (FES) were included for evaluation. Results: A FES was diagnosed in 1479 patients (age 71.83 ± 11.703 years) during the study period. FES occurred in 709 men (47.9%; age 69.64 ±12.002 years) and 770 women (52.1%; age 73.85± 11.051 years). Stroke was categorized into ischemic stroke (IS), primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), which was diagnosed in 84%, 12,2%, 3,4% and 0,4% cases respectively. Early 28-day case-fatality was 18.5 % for all patients and both sexes combined. Short-term case-fatality was significantly greater in women (P=0.007). Among all patients with FES, 87% had hypertension, 35% diabetes mellitus, 39% hypercholesterolemia and almost 25 % atrial fibrillation. Discussion: This is the first study that provides us with information on epidemiology of stroke in BH. More than 90% of patients had one or more modifiable risk factors and the number would be even higher if we included smoking. The early stroke case-fatality was lower than that observed in other low- to middle-income countries. Conclusion: All modifiable stroke risk factors, especially high blood pressure, should be understood as a major public health problem in BH and efforts should be focused on the primary prevention of stroke. Our emphasis is on the designing of a stroke register in BH for a better health planning.

Objective The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of hyperlactatemia and emphasis on repeated lactate measurements in critically ill patients, and the associated mortality. Materials and methods The study included 70 patients admitted in the Medical Intensive Care Unit at the Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, in a 6-month period (July - December 2015). The following data were obtained: age, gender, reason for admission, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, lactate concentrations upon admission, after 24 and 48 hours, and outcome (discharge from hospital or death). Results Upon admission,hyperlactatemia was present in 91.4% patients with a mean concentration of lactate 4.13 ±1.21 mmol/L. Lactate concentration at 48 hours was independently associated within creased in-hospital mortality (P = 0.018). Conclusion Persistent hyperlactatemia is associated with adverse outcome in critically ill patients. Lactate concentration at 48 hours is independently associated within creased in-hospital mortality and it represents a statistically significant predictive marker of fatal outcomes of patients. Blood lactate concentrations > 2.25 mmol/L should be used by clinicians to identify patients at higher risk of death.

Introduction Excess dilatation of the left atrium >65 mm is known in the literature as gigantic atrium. This dilation is most commonly encountered in the mitral insufficiency of rheumatic etiology, but also in severe prolapses of the mitral valve, permanent atrial fibrillation, and at the left right shunt with cardiac insufficiency. Case report In this paper is presented a case study of echocardiographically verified giant thrombus in left atrium in a 50 years old female patient aged 50 hospitalized because of tiredness, choking, heartburn and urinary tract symptoms. The patient had rheumatic fever at age of 18 years. At age of 35, she was diagnosed with mitral stenosis. In permanent atrial fibrillation with anamnestic data on the previous cerebrovascular stroke (CVI) and the repeated transitional ischemic seizures. Echocardiographic examination confirmed severe mitral stenosis with moderate aortic insufficiency and gigantic left atrium (LA) with gigantic thrombus. Invasive diagnostics were indicated and performed, followed by an acute cardiac surgery including left atrial thrombectomy and implantation of the mechanical aortic and mitral valve. The surgical course was without complications. Conclusion On eleven postoperative day, after mobilization, the patient experiences stroke with motor aphasia. She was clinically recovering from stroke consequences, and remains cardiollogically stable.

UDK: 633.88:547.56 This study aimed to analyse and compare the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts of three medicinal plants: hibiscus (Hibiscus spp.), rosemary (Rosmarinus spp.) and savory (Satureja spp.). The plant extracts were prepared using maceration process. The total phenolic content was determined spectrophotometrically with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as a standard and the antioxidant activity was analysed using the Briggs-Rauscher reaction method. The inhibition times produced by plant extracts on an active Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction mixture were recorded potentiometrically. The total phenolic content was found 0.27, 1.29 and 1.43 mgGAE/g of dry extract for hibiscus, rosemary, and savory, respectively. Good correlation was found between the total phenolic content and the Briggs-Rauscher inhibition times (R2 = 0.994).